Timing and Commitment of Environmental Policy,Adoption of New Technology,and Repercussions on R&;D

We investigate the interplay between environmental policy, incentives to adoptnew technology, and repercussions on R&D. We study a model where a monopolistic upstream firm engages in R&D and sells advanced abatement technology to polluting downstream firms. We consider four different timing and commitment regimes of environmental tax and permit policies: ex post taxation (or issuing permits), interim commitment to a tax rate (a quota of permits) after observing R&D success but before adoption, and finally two types of ex antecommitment before R&D activity, one with a unique tax rate (quota of permits), the other one with a menu of tax rates (permit quotas). We study the second best tax and permit policies and rank these with respect to welfare. In particular, we find that commitment to a menu of tax rate dominates all other policy regimes.     

Adoption of improved irrigation and drainage reduction technologies under limiting environmental conditions

Modern irrigation technologies have been suggested as a means of conserving scarce water and reducing environmental pollution caused by irrigated agriculture. This paper applies an economic model of technology selection that provides a general framework to analyzing adoption of irrigation technologies under various environmental conditions. Data from the San Joaquin Valley of California is used to verify the theoretical relationships. Results suggest key variables to be considered by policy makers concerned with adoption of modern irrigation technologies. Among these variables are crop prices, water technology costs, farm organization characteristics, and the environmental conditions of the farm or the field. Policy implications were discussed and analyzed.This research was conducted while the first author was a visiting scholar with the Dept. of Agricultural Economics, University of California, Davis, and USDA-ERS, USA.     

人力资本需求与工资差距:技术、贸易和收入的影响

人力资本水平的提高和技术贸易的发展都会促进人力资本密集型技术的进步,增加高等人力资本水平劳动力的需求,从而扩大了工资差距.在商品贸易中,制成品出口比例的增加会改变我国的产品需求结构,使高等人力资本密集型产品的生产增加.同时,居民收入水平的提高带来了消费升级,也促进了高等人力资本密集型产品的生产.高等人力资本密集型产品的生产引起了高等人力资本水平劳动力需求的增加,扩大了工资差距.     

投资与通货膨胀-紧缩的联系:来自中国的经验证据

基于Toda-Yamamoto长期因果检验程序和广义脉冲反应技术,本文首先研究了全社会实际固定资产投资与零售价格水平变动之间的长期因果及其冲击-动态反应关系,然后进一步考察了货币供给量M1和贸易依存度在促成上述关系中所扮演的角色.其研究结论为:(1)货币供给量M1是唯一的外生变量,其增长不是价格水平变动的直接因,而是通过全社会实际固定资产投资间接地成为价格水平变动的因;(2)贸易依存度和全社会实际固定资产投资之间存在双向因果联系,前者只能通过后者间接地成为价格水平变动的因;(3)中国对外开放既消化又强化了中国生产能力过剩,但消化胜于强化;(4)投资一个单位正向冲击在开始的2-4年左右导致相对温和的通货膨胀,但后五年左右将导致相对严重的通货紧缩.     

高科技产业技术标准战略联盟治理研究

“技术专利化——专利标准化——标准产业化——全球化”是当今全球高科技行业技术标准战略联盟发展的最新趋势，专利产权契约关系是分析技术标准战略联盟治理的起点与基础。协作R＆D与技术标准合作战略选择机制、联盟合作伙伴遴选与风险控制机制、联盟谈判力培育与租金分享机制构成了高科技行业技术标准战略联盟治理机制的基本框架。     

The Delphi method, impeachment and terrorism: Accuracies of short-range forecasts for volatile world events

Two experiments examined the effects of iterated polling and feedback on prediction accuracy for volatile world events using the Delphi paradigm. In both experiments, participants predicted rapidly changing geopolitical events. The first experiment occurred during the litigation surrounding the Clinton/Lewinsky affair in 1998. Results indicated that feedback improved individual and group accuracy for predictions of whether an event would occur. These types of predictions derived from group consensus were approximately 90% accurate, which was significantly higher than the average individual participant's accuracy. Neither polling nor feedback had much effect on time course predictions. The second experiment occurred during the American military action against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan in 2001. In Experiment 2, participants were polled three times to determine if increasing the number of iterated polls would improve Delphi accuracy. The results showed that accuracy improved from the first to the second poll but not from the second to the third. The groups predicted whether these scenarios would occur with approximately 75% accuracy, which was significantly higher than the accuracy of any individual participant. Once again, the Delphi procedure did not enhance time course predictions in Experiment 2.     

加强林业技术发展的研究

林业建设的长期实践表明，林业的发展越来越依赖林业技术的进步。本文从宏观、中观和微观各层面分析了林业技术发展对林业发展的重大意义，并在此基础上进一步分析了当前我国林业技术发展的现状——林业技术既取得了巨大发展．但同时又存在很多不足，如林业技术成果转化事低、技术推广效益低、高新技术水平落后于发达国家等。此外．本文还分析了制约林业技术发展的因素：林业技术意识薄弱、投入不足、推广效益低下、自主创新和引进消化吸收能力弱等，并提出了进一步发展我国林业技术的对策。     

提升上海民营高科技企业核心技术竞争力的政策激励研究

本文通过政策传播流程,从动态的角度考察探讨上海民营高科技企业核心技术竞争力的政策激励方式;同时,创造性地将政策制定、实行、反馈各关键环节成本化,发现上海民营高科技企业核心技术竞争力政策中存在的问题,并提出激励建议。     

经济类(非会计学)专业会计与财务知识模块教学改革研究——基于襄樊经济学院的实践

本文认为,经济类(非会计学)专业学生实施会计教育,要从会计与财务管理知识体系的再组织创新研究开始,进行网络环境下会计学课程教材及教学内容体系、教学方法与手段和实验环节等方面改革与实践。构建现代信息技术与课程整合的“主导—主体—主线”探究式教学模式,使经济类(非会计学)学科的学生在学时数有限情况下掌握会计学的基本理论和方法,提高学生创造性地应用会计信息进行经济决策的能力。     

基于条码技术的信息流、实物流的同步融合架构

分析物流中实物流与信息流同步融合的需求，应用条形码技术构建实物流与信息流同步融合模型，设计生产物流条码化和条码化仓库的信息融合架构。