黑龙江省对俄贸易发展存在的问题及对策研究

目前,黑龙江省在对俄贸易、投资、经济技术合作等方面取得巨大成绩的同时,还存在着一系列急需解决的问题：对俄贸易企业的整体实力不强;进出口商品结构单一;商品货物贸易层次较低;出口产品技术含量低;缺乏本省名牌产品;市场贸易秩序与服务贸易体系不健全等,影响和制约了对俄贸易的进一步发展。促进对俄贸易的发展,必须转变外贸形式,优化贸易产品结构,着力打造本土企业品牌,提高商品技术含量,拓展能源原材料投资合作领域。同时,坚持＂以俄为主、注重日韩、兼顾其他＂的原则,大力开拓国际市场,从而促进黑龙江省对外贸易快速发展。     

中国对外国际物流贸易趋势分析与研究

采用整体分析与模型分析相结合的方式完成中国对外国际物流贸易趋势分析工作.整体分析采用表格分析和曲线分析的方式完成,针对整体分析存在定量分析不足的问题,采用计量分析方法,对中国对外国际贸易物流展开模型化分析.通过建立两个计量模型,最终定量确定了中国对外国际物流贸易趋势之所在.同时,基于整体分析和计量分析的结果,从宏观角度出发,为中国物流企业如何面对今后的国际物流竞争提出了富有针对性的具体对策和建议.     

Trade and Specialisation in Pollution Intensive Industries: North–South Evidence

Abstract

The pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) and the capital-labour hypothesis (KLH) state that the relative level of a country's environmental regulations and capital and labour endowments determines its comparative advantage respectively. Since these hypotheses lead to conflicting predictions as to whether the North or the South will specialise in pollution-intensive production, this paper examines whether changes in trade and specialisation patterns allow us to distinguish between pollution haven and factor endowment effects. We employ a methodology that enables us to present North-South trade patterns over time and to identify those periods when trade patterns were consistent with either the PHH and/or the KLH as a foundation for undertaking more detailed econometric studies.     

Institutionalism and New Trade Theory: Rethinking Comparative Advantage and Trade Policy

Gomory and Baumol (2000), and Samuelson (2004) have raised concerns about international trade’s future impact on U.S. national income. The focus is how globalization may affect the size and distribution across countries of gains from trade. Though their analysis is developed using a pure trade theoretical framework, it has strands in common with institutionalist thinking. Their findings spotlight the need for a new U.S. trade policy agenda aimed at maximizing the U.S. share of gains from trade, and complementing conventional Keynesian open economy macroeconomic analysis.     

Public Debt,Terms of Trade and Welfare: The Role of Capital Production Shares,External Balances,and Dynamic (In)efficiency

In view of still large external imbalances across the world economy and dramatically risen public debts in major advanced economies, this paper reconsiders the relationship between public debt, the terms of trade and welfare in a two-good, two-country overlapping generations model with technological differences across countries. We find that the terms of trade effect of a public debt shock depends only on international differences in capital production shares and the dynamic (in)efficiency of the world economy. As in a model with similar capital production shares, domestic welfare rises and foreign welfare decreases when Home has a positive external balance and the Golden Rule holds. Under dynamic efficiency, welfare decreases in the debt-expanding, net foreign creditor country if she has a relatively smaller capital production share, and if the welfare effect through the accumulation channel is negative. In contrast, under dynamic inefficiency she can increase her welfare by debt expansion.     

关于跨国公司国际贸易投资一体化的行为及策略分析

二战以来,随着全球经济一体化进程的加速,国际经济交往活动日益频繁,贸易与投资的关联性越来越强,跨国公司成为贸易与投资的主要载体和主要控制者,呈现出贸易投资一体化的大趋势。     

《外贸英语函电》的教学观念初探

本文探讨了《外贸英语函电》课程的教学观念,认为教师应将这些观念贯穿在《外贸英语函电》的教学实践中,从而进一步改善教学效果.     

Gains From Trade for Nonmaterialists,Environmentalists, and the Overworked

The author proposes an alternative to the traditional definition of the gains from international trade and, hence, an alternative defense of free trade. Rather than showing that free trade allows a country to consume more of all final goods, the author's approach shows that free trade allows a country to consume the same basket of final goods that it would consume in autarchy but at a reduced cost measured in terms of foregone productive resources. Thus, free trade gives a country the option to maintain the same material standard of living that it would have enjoyed in autarchy while enjoying more leisure and using fewer natural resources in production.     

广东产业转型与越粤产业合作

广东已经发展成全球制造业基地，农业产业化快速推进，服务业进入加速发展期。由于内外因素的共振，广东也面临产业转型升级的压力。在各级政府的引导下，广东企业的转型升级已经取得了一定成效。近年来，广东和越南的经贸合作快速发展，但潜力还很大。在中越经贸关系中，广东地位突出，粤越贸易和投资额都基本占中越贸易、投资总额的1／4左右。在吸引中国投资方面，越南有其优势。在广东企业近年“走出去”的初步实践中，越南正成为企业布局的重点区域，发挥着广东企业走向东盟的桥头堡作用。展望未来，只要越南能够持续保持其良好投资环境，中越双边关系稳定，我们相信粤越经贸合作在广东企业“走出去”和广东产业转型升级双动能推动下、在“中越经贸合作区”等大型项目的带动下，将迎来更加广阔的发展空间。     

A Huff model with firm heterogeneity and selection. Application to the Italian retail sector

ABSTRACT

In this paper, firm heterogeneity (in terms of productivity, i.e., marginal costs) is incorporated into a Huff model of competition in the Italian retail sector. A higher market potential in the trade area is associated with higher average productivity and lower productivity dispersion through selection of the best stores. The analysis, based on a unique data set encompassing 14,212 Italian retailers, finds support for this relationship in Southern Italy, but not in Northern and Central Italy (where opposite results are obtained in some cases), suggesting the selection dynamics are affected by context factors (other than provincial/regional accessibility) related to an upper geographical scale. The results are robust to controlling for local context factors such as financial risk and floor size restrictions. Floor size restrictions are found to enhance selection.