Mining and Social Movements: Struggles Over Livelihood and Rural Territorial Development in the Andes

Social movements have been viewed as vehicles through which the concerns of poor and marginalized groups are given greater visibility within civil society, lauded for being the means to achieve local empowerment and citizen activism, and seen as essential in holding the state to account and constituting a grassroots mechanism for promoting democracy. However, within development studies little attention has been paid to understanding how social movements can affect trajectories of development and rural livelihood in given spaces, and how these effects are related to movements’ internal dynamics and their interaction with the broader environment within which they operate. This paper addresses this theme for the case of social movements protesting contemporary forms of mining investment in Latin America. On the basis of cases from Peru and Ecuador, the paper argues that the presence and nature of social movements has significant influences both on forms taken by extractive industries (in this case mining) and on the effects of this extraction on rural livelihoods. In this sense, one can usefully talk about rural development as being co-produced by movements, mining companies, and other actors, in particular the state. The terms of this co-production, however, vary greatly among different locations, reflecting the distinct geographies of social mobilization and of mineral investment, as well as the varying power relationships among the different actors involved.     

国土资源行政管理的若干应用基础理论问题（下）－资源开发与资源产业

从自然资源投入产出关系分析入手 ,论述了资源产业的两大产业群———资源开发业与资源再生产业 ,揭示了其内外经济关系。     

A theory of innovation for process-based innovations such as nanotechnology

Many see Nanotechnology as the technology that will underlie the next Schumpeterian wave creating new opportunities for wealth and job creation. Further it is a process based or materials technology. Yet all currently used models of innovation are based on assembled products or service products and these simply do not recognize the differences in materials products nor the “enabling” nature of Nanotechnologies. If nanotechnology is poised to become the economic engine of this millennium and if current models of innovation, which are utilized, by policy makers and firm based strategist alike are based on technology product paradigms that are dissimilar to the realities of nanotechnology and other process-based technologies then there is cause for concern.Here the authors provide a model and supporting cases demonstrating a new process or materials based innovation model that is based on the tight coupling between product and process innovation of not only Nanotechnology-based products but other process-based products. This is an important finding, because it identifies and remedies a gap in the literature associated with earlier process and product innovation models. For process-based products like materials, food, chemicals and nanotechnologies any change to the manufacturing processes results in significant changes in end product features. The implications of this model to practice are considered.     

Disclosure of reserve quantum in the extractive industries

We explore why some firms in the extractive industries disclose mineral reserve quantum in their annual reports and others do not. We propose that the firms' reserve disclosure policies are a function of the extent of information asymmetries, as well as information production, litigation and proprietary costs. More specifically, we propose that a firm's decisions to disclose reserves in the annual report are a function of the stage of the firm's operations, use of project financing, and the cost of measuring reserves. Empirical tests are confirmatory.     

林业企业信息化面临的问题及对策

面对信息化时代的到来,企业信息化成为企业生存和发展的关键,文章从目前我国林业企业的现状出发,分析了林业企业信息化中存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的对策。     

产业融合效应与促进我国产业融合的措施

产业融合是信息化进程中呈现的一种产业新范式。产业间的关联性和对效益最大化的追求是产业融合发展的内在动力,在不同的产业领域内,产业融合以不同的方式演进。产业融合带来创新性优化效应、竞争性结构效应、组织性结构效应、竞争性能力效应、消费性能力效应及区域效应等。产业之间的渗透融合是21世纪产业发展的大趋势,我国政府应制定相应的措施来促进我国产业融合及产业的健康发展。     

河北省主导产业竞争力评析

本文利用第一次全国经济普查资料,对河北省制造业中的钢铁、装备制造、石化、医药、建材、食品、纺织服装等主导产业的竞争力进行了评价和分析。     

西部地区比较优势与高新技术产业发展

在西部大开发的过程中,应该灵活地运用比较优势来进行西部地区的产业选择,将发展高新技术产业作为西部产业结构提升的切入口,真正地变比较优势为竞争优势.     

产业政策目标指向型城市人口规模研究

在分析影响城市人口发展因素的基础上,以义乌市为例,从劳动生产率、产业结构变化、高贡献率行业三方面论证了政策变动因素与城市人口发展的关系,提出产业政策目标指向型城市人口规模计算的研究框架和计算步骤。     

偏离-份额法与西安高新技术优势产业及其竞争力分析

偏离 -份额法是一个在国外区域经济和产业结构分析中被普遍使用的方法 ,具有较强的综合性和动态性。本文运用该方法在对西安高新技术产业发展现状做出科学评价的基础上 ,确定了西安未来具有发展潜力和竞争优势的高新技术产业