90年代以来劳动力价值问题研究述评

文章概述了90年代以来理论界在劳动力价值的构成范围、劳动力价值的实现与按劳分配、智力劳动力工资的理论解释问题上提出的许多新的观点并作出了简要的评论。随着社会主义市场经济的发展，还有许多问题，如：劳动力价格背离价值的理论问题，劳动力价格高于价值的现实问题，劳动力的特殊性对劳动力价值的影响等值得深入探讨，以使劳动价值论更好地指导社会主义市场经济实践。     

论城市文化资源的资本转化

城市化资源系统是一个复杂集合体。其集聚性与分散性同时并存；多层次性与整体性同时并存；物态型与非物态型同时并存。我们必须坚持因地制宜、整体与重点相结合、资本转化利用与资源保护相结合、聚集与整合相统一、经济效益与社会效益并举的原则，通过项目开发转化模式、化资源的单体开发转化模式、化节庆开发转化模式、运营商开发转化模式等具体途径。实现其城市资源的资本转化和价值增值。     

Stop and Go Agricultural Policies with a Land Market

This article studies the design of farm policy in the presence of asymmetric information about farmers' productivity, a government objective to insure farmers a minimum "parity" income, an endogenous land rent, and diminishing returns on alternative (nonprogram crop) land uses. In this setting, acreage set asides are never part of an optimal farm policy, although compensated acreage limits are. When there are new farmer entrants who cannot be excluded from farm programs, optimal policy takes the form of a pure voluntary acreage limitation—or "buyout"—program in which high-cost producers participate and low-cost producers do not.     

The amenity value of woodland in Great Britain: A comparison of economic estimates

Forests produce benefits over and above the revenue yielded from timber and other wood based products. Most important among these may be the recreational benefits for visitors, which have been examined in several studies. Total benefits for residents are perhaps more accurately captured in property values since, ceteris paribus, the price of a house reflects willingness to pay to live near an environmental amenity such as a forest to gain access to it, and also the amenity (non-use) value of the forest in so far as it creates a pleasant landscape. However, the total non-priced value of forestry is not the sum of HPM and ITCM benefit estimates. Recreational benefits will typically be less, and will be subsumed in the HPM estimates, since the hedonic price is partly induced by the value of recreational access.     

Land tenure and rental in Western Sudan

This paper reports on aspects of land tenure in western Sudan, especially the nature of tenure insecurity and the functioning of the land rental market. The active land rental market accounted for about one-third of cultivated land. Patterns of land rental transactions, and tests of the importance of insecurity in renting land, where the owner may not be able to reclaim land rented out, do not support the presumption that rental markets perform poorly. The role of the sheikh as administrator of village land, and the claims of large landowners to vast tracts, are, however, important political problems that must be resolved before attempts at ‘rationalizing’ land tenure.     

农村经济的“第二个飞跃”与农用土地制度改革

土地制度的安排与改革决定着农村经济发展的前程。我国农业的改革和发展,要有两个飞跃:第一个是实行以家庭联产承包经营为主的责任制;第二个是发展适度的规模经营,发展合作经济。现行土地制度制约着第二个飞跃的实现,需要调整和完善。土地私有化不是我国土地制度改革的方向。土地制度改革在于适应现代农业建设的需要,构建农地财产权新的框架,以利于农业产业化经营,发展多种形式的适度规模经营。     

现代城市管理若干理论述评

近年来国内外影响较大的现代城市管理理论有：生态城市管理理论、新城市主义管理理论、城市营销理论、经营城市理论、城市竞争力理论和数字城市理论等等。现代城市管理论的繁荣促进了城市管理科学向更深、更高层次的发展，但是仍然有许多不足。当代城市管理，尤其是我国的城市管理，理论研究有余而实证研究不足。未来城市管理的研究必将呈现进一步综合化、系统化的发展趋势。     

Price Rigidity and the Selection of the Exchange Rate Regime

We evaluate and qualify Friedman's, 1953, “case for flexible exchange rates” in the presence of sticky prices in a two country model. We find that a flexible regime performs indeed better when the degree of nominal price rigidity is high while a bilateral peg does better when prices are fairly flexible. This result obtains independent of whether monetary policy is activistic or not and is mostly due to the negative relationship between employment and productivity shocks when prices are relatively sluggish (Gali, 1999). A unilateral peg tends to produce the lowest level of world welfare but it sometimes represents the best monetary arrangement for the pegger. JEL Classification Numbers: E32, E52, F33, F42     

构建农村和谐社会的思考

构建农村和谐社会,应当树立正确的农民增收观,促进农民持续快速增收,缩小城乡差别;加快农地产权制度改革,解决农地矛盾和纠纷;加快农村基层组织制度和县乡行政改革,解决农村干群矛盾;加快农村教育发展,改进农村教育质量,提高农民素质;加大再造秀美山川工程监管力度,消除工作中存在的不实、不公等因素;加快农村社会保障制度建设,消除农民的后顾之忧.