现阶段我国农用地管理的目标转变和实现途径

从分析我国农用地利用和管理的现状入手,针对我国农用地利用和管理重“数量”轻“质量”的问题,提出在城市化快速发展阶段,我国农用地管理的目标必须实现战略转变,即由“数量管理”转变为“数量和质量并重管理”。文章认为,正在全国开展的农用地分等定级和估价工作为实现这一目标提供了有力的技术支撑,并对应用农用地分等定级和估价成果实现这一目标的技术思路进行探讨。     

城镇土地分等定级估价数据库标准化研究

研究目的:总结分析城镇土地分等定级估价数据库标准化工作的研究进展与现状,提出数据库标准研制中应包括的主要内容,指出标准化建设的发展趋势及工作中应注意的问题.研究方法:文献资料法、比较分析法.研究结论:标准化工作应与技术进步、实际应用需求等同步发展,且注重标准间的相互协调性,以此为指导思想,城镇土地分等定级估价数据库标准的研制应兼顾规范性、延续性与实用性.     

城市森林固碳释氧功能及经济价值评估——以第三个“国家森林城市”长沙市为实证分析

主要介绍了城市森林生态系统固碳释氧功能及经济价值评估方法,并以中国第三个"国家森林城市"长沙市为实证分析,计算了长沙市城市森林生态系统固碳和释氧功能的经济价值分别约为27.12亿元/a和10.61亿元/a,固碳释氧总价值约为37.73亿元/a,最后做了进一步分析与对比。     

实物期权方法在企业投资决策中的应用研究

为了更好的对投资项目进行评估,引入了实物期权理论,为项目投资决策提供全新的思路。本文介绍了实物期权理论,并根据企业投资决策的特点,介绍了实物期权的分类和特征,提出了实物期权应用于企业投资决策的一般步骤。     

条件价值评价法在旅游资源价值评价中的应用

随着我国旅游业的不断发展及各类旅游资源经营管理模式的多样化发展,人们对于旅游资源价值的认识也不断提升.旅游资源的价值包含使用价值和非使用价值.对于使用价值可以有几种方法较精确的确定其价值,而非使用价值公认的标准方法就是条件价值评价法(CVM)[1].本文介绍了条件价值评价法及其发展,重点归纳了影响其结果有效性和可靠性的可能因素.在此基础上,结合自身研究,对运用条件价值评价法评价旅游资源经济价值实践应用中如何提高其有效性作了论述.     

生态经济效率有关问题研究

生态经济效率可以解释为经济价值的增量与环境影响的增量的比值关系。生态经济效率指标计算的关键在于核心指标和辅助指标的区分以及环境表现参数的选取,生态经济效率指标的报告则强调以财务项目来表示环境绩效。从企业层面而言,可以通过观念创新、组织结构创新等途径提升企业生态经济率指标。     

Impact of bus rapid transit on housing price and accessibility changes in Sydney: A repeat sales approach

ABSTRACT

New public transport infrastructure is expected to improve accessibility for local residents, and thus contribute to increased land value. The contribution that a bus rapid transit (BRT) system can make to increased land value is less certain than for rail-based systems, with the literature mostly containing bus-based examples from developing countries with extensive BRT networks. This article considers a BRT system named the Liverpool–Parramatta Transitway (LPT) that was implemented in southwestern Sydney in 2003 to improve public transport accessibility in the local area. A repeat sales model is constructed to investigate the impact of the LPT on residential housing prices and accessibility changes using repeat sales data from before and after the opening of the LPT. This identified little price difference between properties close to LPT stations and outside of the area that could be considered as affected by the LPT service coverage. This outcome is at variance with the theoretical underpinning of land value uplift and other empirical evidence relating to the LPT. Hedonic models using the same repeat sales data investigate the study area in more detail, stratifying the sample by housing type and by comparing separate before and after models. These research outcomes identify the extent to which the BRT system has an impact on local housing prices through accessibility improvements to the study area and provide a deeper understanding as to how the quantification of land value uplift from BRT represents one element of the wider economic benefits of a BRT system.     

A push to cycling—exploring the e-bike's role in overcoming barriers to bicycle use with a survey and an intervention study

In Norway, as in many countries, there is a political goal to increase bicycle use. The electric bicycle (e-bike) is a promising tool for achieving this goal, given the hilliness of the country. However, little is yet known about the deterrents of cycling in Norway in general, and in particular how the purchase of an e-bike could be stimulated.

In the current study, 5500 respondents from a convenience sample among car owners were asked about their perceptions of bicycling in general, and of e-bikes in particular as well as their willingness to pay (WTP) for an e-bike. Randomly selected participants (N = 66) were given access to an e-bike for a limited time (2 or 4 weeks). A second questionnaire captured the same perceptions and WTP post-intervention. The results were compared with a control group (N = 214).

The results showed that those who cycle the least were most interested in buying an e-bike and that prior knowledge of the e-bike corresponded with a higher desire to buy one. Pro-environmental values did not predict interest in e-bikes, neither did norms and attitudes toward cycling. The WTP for an e-bike increased after having experienced the benefits for those who used an e-bike compared to those who did not. Price reduction of the e-bike (e.g. VAT exemption), spread of knowledge among the wider population, and actions to offer an e-bike experience may therefore be effective strategies for further expansion of the e-bike in the transport system and thereby to increase bicycle use in Norway.     

Accounting for Negative,Zero and Positive Willingness to Pay for Landscape Change in a National Park

In contingent valuation, despite the fact that many externalities manifest themselves as costs to some and benefits to others, most studies restrict willingness to pay to being non‐negative. In this paper, we investigate the impact of allowing for negative, zero and positive preferences for prospective changes in woodland cover in two UK national parks, the Lake District and the Trossachs. An extended spike model is used to accomplish this. The policy implications of not allowing for negative values in terms of aggregate benefits are also investigated, by comparing the extended spike model with a simple spike making use of only zero and positive bids, and a model which considers positive bids only. We find that ignoring negative values over‐states the aggregate benefits of a woodland planting project by up to 44%.     

The private provision of public environment: Consumer preferences for organic production systems

This paper analyses individual preferences regarding environmental and health improvement technologies in organic food production systems. The impure public model is applied to explore the implications of organic food preferences for environmental market provision. Empirical results from a survey reveal that consumers are willing to pay for both health gains and environmental friendly technologies in organic milk production, although the valuation of the health aspects is higher. Prior information about organic production systems and shopping convenience are key variables in interpersonal comparisons of willingness to pay. The perceived overall value of organic production systems was higher among individuals with stronger environmental preferences than among those who prioritise health concerns. The conclusions of this study may have implications for the analysis of efficiency in the organic produce market.