2020年河北省蔬菜监督抽检数据分析

目的:分析2020年河北省市场监督管理局发布的蔬菜监督抽检数据。方法:下载2020年河北省市场监督管理局发布的食品抽检相关通告,从蔬菜品种、蔬菜细类、不合格蔬菜检出详情及不合格项目等方面进行分析。结果:1199批次蔬菜10个蔬菜品种中,检出62批次不合格,平均不合格率为5.17%。鳞茎类蔬菜、芽菜类蔬菜等不合格率较高,不合格突出的蔬菜细类为韭菜、豆芽、芹菜等,不合格项目主要为农药残留,且禁用农药残留占总不合格项次的50%。结论:河北省蔬菜质量安全水平相对较好,但低于全国平均水平,超剂量使用农药、违规使用禁用农药仍是蔬菜质量安全的主要问题,仍需加强韭菜、豆芽、芹菜等高风险蔬菜的监管力度。     

政府监管与蔬菜质量安全研究

蔬菜质量安全问题,已成为我国政府和民众关注的焦点,成为影响我国蔬菜国际竞争力、持续增加我国农民收入、全面建设小康社会的关键因素.该文在分析我国农产品质量安全监管现状的基础上,重点分析了我国蔬菜质量安全存在的主要问题,并从政府机关、生产供应层面、创业协会提出了相应的对策.     

Taking agricultural technologies to scale: experiences from a vegetable technology dissemination initiative in Tanzania

One of the widely suggested approaches to meet the increasing food demand of a substantially growing world population is sustainable intensification. We present a unique agricultural research and scaling programme in Tanzania, focusing on the key elements necessary for results related to: gender analysis; private sector engagement; social capital; improvement and adaptation; and programme performance monitoring and evaluation. Since 2014, more than 6000 farmers have benefited from either the adaptive research or the scaling component of the programme. Preliminary impact analysis results from six pilot locations indicate that programme participants realized significantly higher yields compared to non-participants. In addition to productivity improvements, introducing resistant and drought-tolerant elite vegetable varieties improved the resilience of the existing farming systems. Finally, considering the needs of both male and female participants had a positive impact on technology adoption rates and reach.     

Status and financial performance of organic vegetable farming in northeast Thailand

In line with the national sustainable agriculture development policy of the Government of Thailand, organic vegetable farming (OVF) promotion projects have been implemented in several provinces of the country. Based on data collected through a questionnaire survey of 172 sample vegetable farmers in Mahasarakham Province of northeast Thailand, this study firstly assessed the status of OVF and then, analyzed the financial performance of three main vegetables cultivated, namely: morning glory, green onion and Chinese kale. Finally, sensitivity analyses of the financial performances for all three vegetables were conducted under four assumed scenarios with respect to price of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and yield and price of organic vegetables. The findings of the analysis on the status of OVF revealed that organic vegetable farms accounted for very small percentage of the total area used for all vegetables in the study area. Results of the financial analysis also showed that OVF was much less financially attractive than conventional vegetable farming due to low yield which usually does not come with premium price of the vegetables. Still farmers are growing organic vegetables on small scale primarily for household consumption. The findings of the sensitivity analyses indicated that the removal of direct or indirect subsidies for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and appreciation in the yield and price of organic vegetables can enhance the financial performance of OVF. In view of the possible rejection of radical policies that encourage OVF by discouraging conventional vegetable farming, this study suggests appropriate policy measures that could directly provide incentives for organic vegetable production and consumption.     

菜联网物流模式创新分析研究

农产品价格关系国计民生,“买贵卖难”频频发生,为了解决农产品流通环节难题,国内不少城市将发展农产品物流电子商务作为突破口．而菜联网的出现体现了我国对农产品电子商务化物流模式研究的深入。文章运用物流与供应链的相关理论为依据．以家事易生鲜农产品物流模式为例进行深入分析．将会对新型电子商务环境下菜联网的物流管理模式提供较好的创新思路;也对其它同类型购物网站的生存和发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Consumer-Defined Attributes and Choice Methods for Fresh Produce Purchases in Australia

The aim of this research is to identify ways of increasing sales by understanding how household food buyers choose fresh produce items. Three hundred responses were obtained from a questionnaire randomly distributed in one city in Australia. Fresh produce items are frequent, low-value purchases. Their most important attributes are taste, price, and freshness, and the buyer choice method used for individual products varies from occasional “impulse” purchases to regular “planned” purchases of staples. With planned purchases some are seen as “destination” products whereas for others “substitutes” are available. In order to optimize sales, retail outlets should avoid becoming out-of-stock for destination products and co-locate substitute products. Sales may also be increased by displaying impulse products in prominent positions.     

Guanxi Networks,Buyer-Seller Relationships,and Farmers' Participation in Modern Vegetable Markets in China

The aim of this study is to investigate the joint effects of small-scale farmers’ guanxi networks and buyer-seller relationships on their marketing behavior in China. A survey of 167 vegetable farmers shows that farmers' guanxi networks have significant effect on trusting relationship building with buyers and on their investment behavior for transactional specific assets. Guanxi networks also help to improve farmers’ participation in modern high-value markets (e.g., supermarkets and international markets) and encourage relational transactions. Farmers’ modern market participation will be further enhanced by trusting buyer-seller relationships with buyers and complying with buyers' quality requirements. The application of formal contracts, on the other hand, is closely related to farmers’ trusting relationships with buyers and transactional specific assets for vegetable transactions. Some policy implications are discussed.     

Characterisation and Diagnosis of Rural—Urban Interface Farming in the Tu Liem and Thanh Tri Districts of Hanoi City,Vietnam

A research project was carried out in two areas in the outskirts of Hanoi city using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The objective was to study interactions among the vegetable farming systems and the peri-urban context within which they are situated. The farms studied were characterised as small-scale farms that use high inputs of soil amendments and pesticides for diversified crop rotation systems. The main source of irrigation water and nutrients for vegetable farming in southern Hanoi is wastewater from the To Lich River. In northern Hanoi, irrigation water is obtained directly from the Red River and nutrients are supplied through high fertiliser inputs. The concentrations of COD (144–287 mg l^?1), N-NH₄ ⁺ (1–25 mg l^?1), PO₄ ^3? (0.5–4 mg l^?1) and coliform (525 × 10³?28 × 10⁶ MPN 100 ml^?1) along the To Lich River was much higher than the limits specified in the Vietnamese standard for water used in agriculture. A higher Cu content in soil in Phuc Ly seems to be linked to the high input of chicken manure at the site. However, the contents of heavy metals in irrigation water, in vegetables and in the soil surface layer at the two sites were lower than the Vietnamese maximum permissible levels.     

湖南省果蔬农产品物流一体化形式探析

目前湖南省果蔬农产品分散的物流运作模式不仅增加了果蔬农产品的流通损耗,而且降低了物流运作效率,提高了物流成本。从长远发展来看,湖南省果蔬农产品物流必须构建一体化物流运作模式。文章从物流一体化运作模式的角度出发,主要探析了湖南省果蔬农产品物流一体化的形式,以及每种一体化物流运作模式的原理。     

基于RFID技术的蔬菜跟踪追溯系统研究

近年来,食品安全事件的频发引发了消费者对食品安全问题的关注与重视。作为生活必需品的蔬菜,其质量安全问题也同样受到了消费者的质疑。为了确保蔬菜质量安全,实现对蔬菜全生命周期的监控和管理,文章结合广州市番禺区东升农场实际情况,利用RFID技术从技术架构、功能设计两个方面构建了一个蔬菜跟踪追溯系统。通过对蔬菜种植—采收—加工—运输—销售各个环节进行编码以及具体应用,最终实现了对蔬菜全生命周期的跟踪与追溯,从而确保了蔬菜产品的质量安全。