How Big is the Crowding-Out Effect of User Fees in the Rural Areas of Ethiopia? Implications for Equity and Resources Mobilization

Using a nested multinomial logit model, this study investigates the demand “reduction” and “diversion” effects of user fees in rural areas of Ethiopia. The results reveal that an increase in user fees of public clinics, which are the most widely used alternative, can have a significant demand reduction effect on the poorest of the poor. This implies that despite cost recovery has been advocated as an alternative means of health care financing in most of the developing world, increasing user fees may drive the poorest segment of the population out of the health care market unless some protective measures are taken.     

How should Central Banks determine and control their bank note inventory?

This paper looks at a relatively unresearched but important area in money and banking – namely the provision of currency by the Central Bank. One of the most important functions of Central Banking is the provision of liquidity to the economy. However, in fulfilling this function, Central Banks have to be prepared for unexpected money demand shocks as well as production, transportation and cost of capital constraints. The paper develops a dynamic cost minimizing note inventory model that solves for the Central Bank’s optimal note order size and frequency. As part of the modeling exercise a value at risk model is used to solve for an inventory “cushion.”     

湖南长沙休闲产业现状分析

调查表明：湖南长沙的休闲产业可分为歌厅休闲、酒吧休闲、洗浴休闲、电视休闲、“农家乐”休闲、广场与公园休闲等七种类型。歌厅休闲始于20世纪80年代，年接待170万人次，营业收入逾亿元；上规模的酒吧20多家；足浴城17000多家，长沙已成为“脚都”；“农家乐”877家，年接待273万多人次，营业收入2亿元。居民休闲最主要的目的是愉悦身心，放松自己。95％的居民认为长沙休闲消费水平为中上，可以接受。73％的居民1周至少休闲1次。     

扩大内需政策的效率审视

我国扩大内需政策拉动了投资需求,却难以启动消费需求,其效率低下。政策之所以低效既有内因也有外因,内因是政策缺陷,主要表现为政策缺乏可行性、针对性、必要的力度以及积极财政政策的固有弊端,外因是不理想的制度环境,表现为与消费活动三个基本构成要素消费主体、消费客体及消费环境相关的制度或体制问题,包括不合理的收入分配制度、易导致产品同质化的行政区经济管理体制和重工轻农的财政投资体制。要提高扩大内需政策的效率,就要注意政策行为的科学性,并推进各相关制度的改革。     

供应商选择问题中单产品采购量分配模型

研究了在随机需求和增量价格折扣条件下的单产品采购量分配模型。针对供应商选择问题中广泛存在的多目标性以及目标的模糊性,提出了一种用于解决该类问题的模糊多目标规划模型。结合一个算例找到了给定条件下各供应商的采购量分配的最优方案,归纳出了求解该问题的过程与步骤,验证了模型的有效性与可行性。     

我国高职教育产学合作与国内外的比较研究

本文介绍了高职教育及产学合作的特点,论述了我国高职教育与普通高等教育、中等职业教育及国外高职产学合作产学合作之间存在的区别,并进行了详细的比较研究。研究表明,高职教育的产学合作教育比普通高等院校的产学合作更加全面、更加深入,它所追求的是紧密型、深层次的产学合作。     

高职学生人文素质现状的思考和对策

本文就近期在宁波市各高职院校学生中所做的人文素质现状调查的情况,分析、研究了当前高职院校学生人文素质的状况、存在的问题及原因,提出了加强高职学生人文素质的对策。     

Demand under product differentiation: an empirical analysis of the US wine market*

Oversupply has led to a number of perplexities for the Australian wine industry in recent times. When disaggregated from the industry level, however, the problem can be better described as a range of attribute‐specific disequilibria. To date, the solutions to this problem have predominantly revolved around supply‐side policies of reducing output through crop thinning or vine pulling. By contrast, this paper focuses on the demand side and argues that the disequilibria may be reduced by gaining a better understanding of the demand for Australian wine. A discrete choice model of product differentiation is used to estimate the demand for wine in Australia's second largest export market, the United States. Implications of the analysis are explored.     

关于高职院校影视类专业DV影像制作的研究

本文从DV影像制作的现状入手,探讨了DV影像制作相关的基本概念,接着分析了浙江省高职院校影视类专业DV影像制作和传播情况,以及它目前存在的一些问题。依据高职影视专业教育必须面向广播影视事业和社会市场需求,以培养高级应用型技术人才为目标的办学思路,本文认为,高职院校影视专业DV影像制作应坚持能力本位,加强实践能力的培养,重视专业技术和遵循影像语法。     

基于供需框架的中小企业贷款难及破解方法研究

通过分别从中小企业自身的在贷款条件方面的弱点和银行对中小企业贷款的供给上机制上分析了中小企业贷款难的问题，并结合供需两方面，分析了银行不同于一般企业和贷款不同于一般实物商品的特点，认为利用利率这个价格杠杆来解决供需矛盾是不可行的，进而提出了中小企业贷款难的短期、中期、长期解决办法。