我国区域资本形成差异实证分析

在总结分析区域资本形成差异相关研究的基础上,利用泰尔指数对我国区域内、区域间和区域总体资本形成差异进行实证研究.分析结果显示:区域内资本形成差距不具备收敛特征,区域间资本形成差异具有日趋缩小趋势,区域总体资本形成差异与区域间资本形成差异表现出高度的吻合性.要加快中西部地区发展的步伐,提高资本利用效率,建立区域内部协调发展机制,以缩小我国当前区域资本形成的差距.     

我国高等学校收入分配制度改革动因分析

纵观我国高等学校收入分配制度改革历程,每一次改革都有一定的内在动因,新一轮岗位绩效工资制度改革就是中国特色分配理论发展、收入分配制度改革趋向和高等学校自身发展需要综合作用的结果。其中,中国特色社会主义分配理论的发展是理论层面的动因,收入分配制度改革趋向是制度层面的动因,高等学校自身发展需要是实践层面的动因。     

The U.S. tourists’ perceptions of destination China over two transformative periods

This study conducted a textual analysis of The New York Times to examine the U.S. tourists’ perceived image of China as a destination by comparing the two periods of January 1980–May 1989 and January 2005–December 2015. The study found a drastic shift of the U.S. tourists’ affective image of China as a destination from being favorable and positive in the early period to being unfavorable and negative in the recent period. The affective image was characterized by the two domains of Exoticism and Sense of Superiority in the 1980s, as compared to the two domains of Ordinary and Negative National Image in the recent 10 years. Paradoxically, such a sentimental shift on the part of the U.S. tourists occurred while their perception of China’s destination attributes either did not change or grew more positive.     

Deunionization and job polarization – a macroeconomic model analysis for a small open economy

Declining unionization rates and job polarization are two important labor market developments of recent decades. A large body of literature has analyzed these phenomena separately, but little has been done to see whether there is a link between them. We employ a macroeconomic model for a small open economy with a large input–output core to analyze how deunionization may cause job polarization. Our analysis shows that medium-skilled workers are negatively affected by deunionization, mainly as a result of the heterogeneity of the elasticities of substitution between different types of labor. While the elasticities of substitution between high- and medium-skilled labor are relatively low, the elasticities of substitution between medium- and low-skilled are relatively high. As a result, when deunionization leads to increased wage dispersion, we find that demand for low-skilled increases at the expense of medium-skilled labor, thus yielding a more polarized labor market.     

Role of search for domain knowledge and architectural knowledge in alliance partner selection

Research Summary: The literature on technological alliances emphasizes that search for knowledge drives alliance formation. However, in conceptualizing technological knowledge, prior work on alliances has not made a distinction between domain knowledge—knowledge that firms possess in distinct technological domains—and architectural knowledge—knowledge that firms possess about how to combine elements from different technological domains. We argue that firms seek partners that are similar in domain knowledge to deepen their knowledge, and partners that are dissimilar in architectural knowledge to broaden their knowledge. Our results indicate that the likelihood of alliance formation increases when two firms are similar in domain knowledge and dissimilar in architectural knowledge. Further, our results show that these effects are positively moderated by the degree of decomposability of a firm's knowledge base. Managerial Summary: In dynamic environments, companies need to continually deepen and broaden their technological knowledge, and they often look for alliance partners who can provide them that knowledge. For knowledge deepening, companies are more likely to form alliances with those companies that have expertise in similar technological fields. For knowledge broadening, they are more likely to form alliances with those companies that have expertise in the same technological fields, but have different recipes for combining knowledge from those fields. Furthermore, a company with a modular knowledge base is more likely to seek a partner that has expertise in similar technological fields or whose recipes for combining knowledge from different technological fields are different from the recipes it has.     

专用性人力资本投资与饭店业基层员工低薪酬现象成因解释

我国饭店业正逐步演变为典型的低薪酬行业,主要表现为固定工资合约逐渐成为主导性薪酬契约,且固定工资基数水平不断下降。文章运用专用性人力资本理论,解释了在隐性知识管理机制缺失的条件下,饭店业主为什么会放弃对专用性人力资本投资收益的追求而选择固定工资合约,并进一步分析了固定工资合约的实际支付水平为什么会逐步下降,直至最终形成接近法定最低工资标准的全行业统一价格。     

Network analysis of the Caucasus’ image

Destination image is influenced by many factors, including destination promotion materials, the mass media as a general familiarity agent, the perceivers’ own characteristics and even researchers’ methodological choices. To isolate and minimize the impact of research on destination image, different qualitative and quantitative designs and analysis techniques have been utilized. However, no previous study utilized the network analysis technique, which may be useful to reveal a picture of destination image with the interconnections and hidden dynamisms of dimensions as well as its correlates. The present study applies this technique on qualitative data from an online sample of Americans on their perceptions of a relatively remote and unfamiliar destination, the Caucasus region, in order to hone in on the dramatic impact of mass media on destination image. Results revealed networks of meanings with residue of mass media messages about Boston bombing, with some differences among different genders and education levels.     

Market Integration of Fish in Europe

This paper examines market integration between fish species in Europe, taking international market integration into account. Based on Juselius (2006) , market integration is found both on the fresh and frozen markets. The Law of One Price is in force on the fresh market within the segments of flatfish and pelagic fish. Assuming transitivity, a loose form of market integration is identified between 13 fresh and seven frozen fish species, and the relative prices are found fairly stable. The policy implication is that catch limitation measures implemented through the Common Fisheries Policy have limited and conditional effects on prices, because of the large size of the market and varying market integration. Therefore, many fishermen are not ‘compensated’ by price increases as a result of catch limitation measures.     

女性劳动力市场理论研究——明塞尔《劳动供给研究》一书述评

明塞尔的主要思想在两卷本的《雅各布.明塞尔论文集》中得到了充分体现。他的论著之一《人力资本》系统地发展了人力资本的理论基础与分析方法;另一部《劳动供给研究》则促进了现代劳动经济学研究体系和专业风格的形成。其中《劳动供给研究》一书对人力资本理论研究中的劳动力供给问题,尤其是妇女劳动力供给行为作了详细的讨论与分析。本文主要以此书为基础,着重于讨论女性劳动力供给理论和工资差别理论,最后联系我国女性劳动力的实际情况,提出该理论的现实意义。     

美国硅谷成因及其对“世界水谷”建设的启示

在分析自然资源禀赋、人力资源、政府支持、风险资本的孵化力、创新网络经济的形成以及独特文化等美国硅谷成因的基础上,结合"世界水谷"的特点,提出"世界水谷"的建设路径是以优美的自然环境和完善的基础设施为前提,以政产学研金一体化为重点,以营造独特的文化为核心,以面向市场、完善科技成果向现实生产力转化的机制为动力,从而推动"世界水谷"的发展。