浅述我国废旧聚氯乙烯的回收与利用

综述了废旧聚氯乙烯循环利用的一些方法,包括直接再生、改性再生、裂解及焚烧,详细介绍了PVC的改性再生利用的方法.并对国内外的回收与利用情况作了简要介绍.     

城市有机生活垃圾厌氧发酵前景广阔

采用厌氧发酵技术处理城市有机生活垃圾是较其它处理方法更具优势的处理方式.既能有效地减少垃圾污染,又可以产生很好的经济效益和巨大的环境效益.这种垃圾处理方式值得应用和推广.     

感光材料废物处置与回收利用

介绍了《国家危险废物名录》中HW16号感光材料废物的产生来源与其中有害成分对人的影响,及其国内外现有的几种处置、回收利用技术。对该类废物的治理提出了一些环境管理对策。     

氧化锌废渣制备纳米级氧化锌新工艺

研究了利用氧化锌脱硫废渣制备纳米级氧化锌,据脱硫催化剂是由w(ZnO)为99.7%的ZnO和甲基纤维素作粘合剂煅烧而成,脱除H2S后变成ZnS,再经氧化成ZnO,确定了最佳工艺条件:煅烧温度为540℃,煅烧时间为2h,浸取温度为80～90℃,沉淀反应溶液pH=6.5。氧化锌产率达95%以上。产品性能稳定,比表面积达50m2/g,氧化锌含量为99.45%,成本可降低1000元/t。     

纺织废料在玻璃屏风上的装饰应用

纺织原料种类多,纺织加工对纤维要求高,废料的利用可以提高原料的利用价值,与玻璃屏风的有机结合能够设计出自然典雅的艺术效果,为纺织经济的发展提供辅助作用。用于办公场所的隔断,餐厅的屏风,居家的装饰等既能半遮挡光线和视线,又采用双层玻璃隔音,是一副自然的装饰品。为纺织经济的多样化发展提供了途径。     

Do firms leverage the FDA nutrient label rounding rules to generate favorable nutrition fact panels or health claims?

The increasing incidence of nutrition related health concerns has made food labeling an important policy issue. Previous work suggests the importance of communicating nutrition information to consumers through product packaging. This paper investigates the role of labeling guidelines, which allow the rounding of calorie and nutrient levels on nutrition fact panels and affects front of package claims. We examine ready-to-eat cereal products as a bundle of nutrient attributes, and estimate the likelihood and magnitude of the rounding of specific nutrients and calories. We find systematic rounding, both up and down, of several nutrients, which affects allowable health claims and may influence consumer product choice and health outcomes.     

Food Package Familiarity and Perceived Amount of Verbal Information: The Moderating Effect of Frugal Behavior

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the moderating effect of frugal behavior on the relationship between food package familiarity and the perceived amount of verbal information. Two experiments were conducted on food packaging to analyze two central points: (a) the relationship between food package familiarity and the perceived amount of verbal information and (b) the moderating effect of frugal behavior on this relationship. The studies demonstrate the negative influence of food package familiarity on the perceived amount of verbal information. We demonstrate that the greater (smaller) the familiarity with food packaging is, the smaller (greater) the visual attention to the verbal information will be. Second, we show that frugal behavior moderates this behavior. Our experiment shows that a greater (smaller) tendency toward frugal behavior tends to have a positive (maintain negative) effect on the relationship between food package familiarity and the perceived amount of verbal information.     

广西合山市煤矿废弃地植被现状调查与分析

通过实地踏查和样方法,调查了合山矿区废弃地的植被组成和自然演替情况。结果表明：该地自然定居植物共87种,隶属于39科61属。主要包括禾本科（14种）、菊科（11种）、豆科（10种）。全部定居植物中,草本植物48种,木本植物34种,藤本植物5种。在废弃早期样地,植被主要是一些单种斑块和小群落,这些小群落组成结构比较简单,物种多样性低,群落不稳定。在废弃时间相对较长的时间里,各样地植被的植物组成相对较丰富,野古草、画眉草、四脉金茅、巴芒、黄茅草、纤毛鸭嘴草、马唐、五节芒等可在煤矿废弃地上成功定植,并成为植被中的先锋种和优势种,可作为废弃地植被恢复治理的优先选用物种。废弃矿区植被具有由裸地→草丛→灌草丛→灌木林演替的趋势,并且随着废弃时间的增长,群落中物种丰富度增大,多样性指数呈增加趋势。在10~15年的废弃时间内群落可自然恢复,程度可以逐步达到相对稳定的灌草群丛。研究结果为矿山生态恢复提供了参考依据。     

沉陷废弃地复垦新途径探讨

研究目的:目前沉陷地复垦的主要形式是以充填覆土为主,但矿区内覆土来源的缺乏严重影响复垦的进行,该研究拟寻求沉陷废弃地复垦的新途径.研究方法:试验分析法.研究结果:粉煤灰与糠醛渣以4:1质量比混配的新型复垦材料,符合部分牧草、草坪、花卉及棉花等植物生长的肥力标准和质量标准.研究结论:该复垦材料为沉陷地的生态修复提供了新的理论和途径,而且实现以废治废,节土造田,降低了成本28.9%.对提高沉陷地的复垦速度,促进经济、社会及生态环境的持续健康发展具有重要的作用.     

Bioelectricity in Malaysia: economic feasibility,environmental and deforestation implications

We investigate the economic feasibility of bioelectricity production from biomass in Malaysia and its impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and storage, agricultural prices, agricultural employment and deforestation. For this purpose, we develop a partial equilibrium model that projects agricultural prices, production, imports, exports, domestic consumption and land use in 5‐year increments between 2015 and 2065. Our results show that by 2030 biomass‐generated electricity can supply 36.5 per cent of the electricity generated in Malaysia, 16 times more than the 2016 electricity supply from biomass. Increased bioelectricity production from biomass will significantly reduce GHG emissions and will help Malaysia meet its commitment in the Paris Agreement to mitigate GHG emission by 45 per cent before 2030. Our modelling shows that biomass‐generated electricity creates a derived demand for waste biomass that expands the area of oil palm plantations. The expansion lowers agricultural prices, boosts agricultural employment and leads to some deforestation as landowners clear rainforest to plant oil palm trees. Nonetheless, the deforestation does not increase GHG emissions since GHG gains from bioelectricity significantly exceed GHG losses from deforestation.