Multi-criteria evaluation of medical waste management process under intuitionistic fuzzy environment: A case study on hospitals in Turkey

Waste management has come to the fore in the whole world with the increasing impact of the Covid-19 pandemic along with concerns about human health, environmental threats, and socio-economic factors, etc. Medical waste is one of the waste types that need special management processes including particularly collection, storage, separation, and disposal. Healthcare activities create a great amount of medical waste deriving from the hospitals. This study aims to determine the hospital that carries out medical waste management in the most effective way in Erzurum, Turkey. To handle intense uncertainty in the evaluation process, the case is analyzed by Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (IFMCDM) methods. The present study contributes to the literature by focusing on a real case problem under IF environment in a Group Decision-Making (GDM) framework. Additionally, based on the literature review and expert judgments, the evaluation criteria relevant to the case are defined in this paper. To this end, a four-phased integrated methodology that involves Intuitionistic Fuzzy Weighted Averaging (IFWA), IF Analytical Hierarchy Process (IFAHP), IF Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (IFTOPSIS) and One-Dimensional Sensitivity Analysis, is conducted. Firstly, IFWA is aimed to express the significance levels of decision makers (DMs) based on their knowledge, qualifications and experiences. Secondly, IFAHP is used to calculate the importance weights of the decision criteria and IFTOPSIS is preferred to rank the available hospitals. Then, sensitivity analysis is employed to display robustness. According to the results, the most important criteria are Qualified personnel, Health institution infrastructure, and Control of waste, respectively and the most efficient hospital is determined.     

Winning ugly: Profit maximizing marketing strategies for ugly foods

Ugly foods meet nutritional and safety benchmarks but deviate from cosmetic and size standards. The marketability of ugly food is a major factor that frustrates field-level food rescue efforts. We investigate opportunities to promote ugly foods in a way that converts uniform negative preferences towards ugly food to more diverse and horizontally differentiated preferences where some consumers prefer ugly food to standard offerings and pay a premium. We conduct an online discrete choice experiment and find a portfolio of marketing strategies that significantly enhance respondent willingness to pay for ugly carrots. Dual messages that simultaneously (1) link the purchase of ugly food to reductions in food waste and (2) suggest ugly food is natural and authentic significantly improve willingness to pay. We also find respondents tolerate some level of mixing of ugly with standard carrots. We find the most profitable strategy is to form bunches that include 40% ugly and 60% standard carrots and to sell the bunches with green leaves attached at farmers markets where consumers receive dual marketing messages. Profit simulations confirm that, in the absence of such marketing strategies, farmers rationally create waste by discontinuing harvest when the percentage of remaining carrots that are ugly is high.     

中国城镇居民生活用能和生活垃圾CO2排放测算及影响因素研究

利用IPCC1996经验公式测算了1980-2011年中国城镇居民使用生活能源和生活垃圾填埋分解过程中排放的CO2。人均CO2排放量和人均生活能源CO2排放量呈先下降再上升的趋势,生活垃圾产生的CO2呈先波动上升再趋于平稳的趋势。采用WLS方法分析了其影响因素。城镇居民恩格尔系数和城镇失业率与人均CO2排放量呈负相关关系,人均GDP、第三产业占GDP比例、城镇化水平和城镇居民行为习惯与人均CO2排放量呈正相关关系;城镇居民行为习惯对人均CO2排放量的变化影响最大。     

政府激励下的建筑废弃物资源化博弈研究

针对中国建筑废弃物持续增多、建筑原料匮乏等问题，运用动态博弈理论，构建建筑企业与建材企业的双寡头博弈市场，建立适应度函数并进行求解，分析政府奖惩制度对博弈双方策略选择的影响，并利用MATLAB软件进行仿真模拟。结果显示：政府因素在促进资源化发展的过程中具有重要作用；不同的奖惩力度对博弈双方策略的选择、演化速度影响不同；合适的政府奖惩力度对资源化发展具有推进作用，单一一方实现资源化会对另一方产生阻碍作用。因此政府需要从补贴和惩处两个方面同时加强管控，才能促使建筑企业和建材企业均选择资源化的策略，从而实现资源化发展。     

GEOGRAPHIES OF EXCLUSION: Reproducing Dispossession and Erasure within a Waste Picker Organization in Mumbai

A rich seam of waste scholarship already addresses the exclusion faced by informal waste workers as cities in the global South undergo spatial transformations to become ‘world class’. However, less attention has been paid to how state practices have reproduced inequalities within and across waste picker communities. Drawing upon eleven months of ethnographic research at Mumbai's Deonar dump site, this article maps the practices through which waste workers have responded to their exclusion following a massive fire in 2016. It demonstrates that social exclusion is experienced differently by different members of the community and calls for a greater focus on heterogeneity amongst waste workers. Multi-dimensional vulnerabilities manifest through these workers’ deal-making strategies, while simultaneously mirroring the conditions of marginality produced by the state. The article contributes to debates on marginality by employing the lens of erasure to show how exclusion relies on the optics of visibility and invisibility. By unpicking the hierarchical structure within one waste worker organization, the article argues that the state-led mandate for garbage-free cities in India disproportionately affects those located at the margins of marginalized groups.     

家用净水机的节水系统设计

为了解决现有复合型净水机RO反渗透滤芯工作过程中排放大量废水而造成水资源浪费的问题,设计了净水机节水系统.首先,将净水系统设计为由预处理滤芯、RO反渗透滤芯、后处理滤芯组成的多极化结构;然后,对不同级别的过滤水按照水质进行分配使用;最后,设计了废水回收系统对产生的废水进行回收利用;另外,还设计了冲洗支路,对RO反渗透滤...     

绍兴市建筑垃圾分类回收系统及其模型构建

本文查阅了大量的相关文献并进行总结,以绍兴市为对象,指出了建筑垃圾处理现有体系的回收实践过程中,明显存在的问题和不足。从广义和狭义两个方面对建筑垃圾分类回收系统的构成进行了深入分析,从广义上建立建筑废弃物再利用模型构架。从狭义上建立可操作流程和具体步骤。最终的研究成果包括提出绍兴市目前存在的建筑垃圾相关问题的有效的缓解办法,促进建筑固废行业向产业化方向发展,达到再生资源回收利用的效果和目标。     

Avoiding through glossiness and approaching through matte: The effect of visual finish on perceived product effectiveness

This research examines whether, how, and why visual finish (i.e., whether a product/package is glossy or matte) can affect consumers' perceived effectiveness of problem-solving products. Drawing on approach–avoidance goal pursuit theory, this work classifies problem-solving products into problem-approaching and problem-avoiding ones according to their operation processes. A pilot study demonstrates that participants are more likely to choose a glossy finish over a matte one for a problem-avoiding (vs. problem-approaching) product. Studies 1 and 2 collectively find that glossy (vs. matte) finishes increase consumers' perceived effectiveness of a problem-avoiding product while the reverse is true for a problem-approaching product. Moreover, this effect is mediated by perceived trustworthiness of product function (Study 3). Studies 4–5 further document its consequential implications on willingness-to-pay (Study 4; incentive-compatible paradigm) and consumers' actual ad clicks (Study 5; field study). The findings contribute to the visual finish, product effectiveness, and approach–avoidance goal pursuit literatures. They also have significant managerial implications on product appearance design.     

Food waste in the retail sector: A survey-based evidence from Central and Eastern Europe

This paper explores the issue of food waste in the Lithuanian retail sector. A questionnaire survey was designed in order to collect the relevant data from both the largest retail chains with stores around the country and companies with small-scale stores in rural areas. The present case is interesting as the literature on Central and Eastern European countries is scarce in the sense of the quantification of food waste. In this paper, the amounts of food waste among different food product categories are discussed and then extrapolated to approximate food waste in retail trade for Lithuania by using sales revenue as a key parameter. The results suggest that food waste in the Lithuanian retail sector amounts to 36.4 thousand tonnes or 13.0 kg per capita per year. Fruits and vegetables account for more than a half (63%), whereas meat (products) come next representing some 9% of food waste. Therefore, these products can be considered as the major targets for valorisation schemes and other measures aimed at mitigation of food waste.     

垃圾焚烧发电项目建设管理重难点分析及措施

针对于我国城市化建设和发展,可以用飞速这一词语来形容,但是在快速建设发展的这一过程中也产生了很多城市生活垃圾,就目前来看,所采用的处理方式主要以垃圾焚烧发电建设项目为主。对于垃圾焚烧发电建设项目而言,可以说是生活垃圾处理的一个有效方式,但由于受各方面因素的影响,在实际建设过程中经常可以看到一些潜在风险和问题的出现。基于此,本文就垃圾焚烧发电项目建设管理模式及重难点分析及措施进行了研究分析。