电商情境下弱势企业驱动的供应链合作伙伴关系构建：上佰电商案例研究

现有供应链合作伙伴关系理论主要以强势的制造型企业作为合作关系构建的主导者,缺乏从弱势企业驱动的视角考察供应链合作伙伴关系发展的研究。文章通过电商代运营企业上佰电商的案例研究发现：在快速变化的电商环境中,弱势企业可以凭借其动态能力的不断演化影响强势企业的行为,由此提出弱势企业驱动供应链合作伙伴关系构建的概念模型,认为弱势企业的动态能力有三种,即觉察并降低认知差异的能力、分析并运用运营数据的能力以及改进并协调战略决策的能力,并进一步指出合作伙伴关系的构建分为引导型和协同型两个阶段。这一研究将供应链合作伙伴关系构建的驱动方从强势企业拓展到了弱势企业,并从动态能力视角给予了合理解释,丰富了供应链合作伙伴关系理论的内涵,对中国中小电商企业的供应链管理创新具有启发和指导意义。     

Weak links and the management of reputational interdependencies

This paper builds on a growing literature that takes into account the fact that firms in an industry may be interdependent with regard to their corporate reputations, thus sharing a “reputation commons.” We argue that the theory of public goods can help us to understand the interdependencies that link corporate reputations and to frame the contexts and requirements for collective action that they induce. In particular, we suggest that more and more frequently these interdependencies make industry reputation a “weak link” public good. We show that this raises new challenges for the strategic management of industry reputation by communities of firms. The discussion of these challenges is based on the case study of the collective action of the European chlorine companies towards restoring their reputation after being accused of not being safe, and on a model of the production of reputation by companies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Cost Channel Reconsidered: A Comment Using an Identification‐Robust Approach

We reexamine the empirical relevance of the cost channel of monetary policy (e.g., Ravenna and Walsh 2006 ), employing recently developed moment‐conditions inference methods, including identification‐robust procedures. Using U.S. data, our results suggest that the cost channel effect is poorly identified and we are thus unable to corroborate the previous results in the literature.     

A Diagrammatic Exposition of Weak Complementarity and the Willig Condition

This article provides a graphical explanation for one of the most important restrictions to utility functions used in revealed preference approaches for measuring the demand for public goods and product quality—weak complementarity. It also describes how the Willig condition is an important element along with weak complementarity in measuring Hicksian consumer surplus for changes in public goods or quality using Marshallian demand curves.     

Ordering the largest claim amounts and ranges from two sets of heterogeneous portfolios

This paper investigates the ordering properties of the largest claim amounts and sample ranges arising from two sets of heterogeneous portfolios. First, some sufficient conditions are provided in the sense of the usual stochastic ordering to compare the largest claim amounts from two sets of independent or interdependent claims. Second, comparison results on the largest claim amounts in the sense of the reversed hazard rate and hazard rate orderings are established for two batches of heterogeneous independent claims. Finally, we present sufficient conditions to stochastically compare sample ranges from two sets of heterogeneous claims by means of the usual stochastic ordering. Some numerical examples are also given to illustrate the theoretical findings. The results established here not only extend and generalize those known in the literature, but also provide insight that will be useful to lay down the annual premiums of policyholders.     

Aktuareksamen ved Universitetet i Oslo

Abstract

It is a fact that when one is making a decision concerning the probability distribution of a random variable by means of observing this random variable, one is recommended by the statisticians to consider certain functions of the operating characteristic (O.C.) of the decision function as measures of the reliability of the actual decision made. For instance, the confidence coefficient of an interval estimator will as a rule be regarded as a measure of our confidence in the interval.     

薄弱配电网高比例分布式光伏并网消纳规划研究

为了解决薄弱电网高比例分布式光伏难以就地消纳问题,提出储能系统和需求侧响应运行策略,建立了计划接入总量下的高比例分布式光伏双层规划模型。以光伏最大消纳为目标函数,光伏安装位置与容量为优化变量,建立上层模型;以系统净负荷峰谷差期望值最小为目标函数,各时段电价为优化变量,建立下层模型。针对光伏随机出力与负荷的时序性,利用拉丁超立方抽样技术对其进行处理。在此基础上,采用概率潮流法与细胞膜粒子群优化算法相结合的混合智能算法对模型进行求解,并以河北省某贫困县光伏扶贫村网架结构为例进行算例分析。结果表明,解决方案在实现光伏接入容量最优配置的基础上,进一步提高了薄弱配电网分布式光伏的消纳能力。双层规划模型能够在很大程度上提高再生能源的利用率,可为配电网规划提供参考。     

完善高校财务内部控制制度刍议

为促进我国的教育事业会更加积极健康的发展。本文通过分析高校财务内部控制现状,找出内部控制的薄弱环节,以求完善高校财务内部控制,主要对高校内部财务控制的当前情况进行具体分析,认识对高校内部财务控制的不足,提出完善高校内部财务控制的途径,其中包括:提高认识,强化全员内部控制意识;健全内部控制制度强化财务约束监督体制;完善内部审计制度;建立健全总会计师制度;推行全面预算管理,用指标管财等等。     

大型医院强电、智能弱电系统的设置——以北海市第二人民医院搬迁工程设计为例

本文通过对北海市第二人民医院搬迁工程强电、智能弱电设计的思考,总结出对医院强、弱电系统的设置特点,希望对完善医院建设有所帮助。     

行政事业单位内部会计控制制度问题探讨

本文论述了行政事业单位内部会计控制制度建设的必要性,重点分析了行政事业单位内部会计控制制度中存在的薄弱环节和问题,在此基础上,有针对性地提出了加强行政事业单位内部会计控制制度建设的几点建议。