The Europeanization of organic agriculture and conflicts over agricultural policy

Organic agriculture was Europeanized through two EU regulations which defined and provided financial support for it. In transposing these regulations, member states have had to deal with political aspects of the conflict between mainstream and organic agriculture. A comparison of 13 new (including former socialist states) and old member states illustrates that the level of conflict had an impact only on the level of financial support transposed, while other aspects of transposition were explained by formal institutional preconditions. Low financial support was found in those member states with a high level of conflict or a low value-based level of conflict. Medium financial support was found in one new and one old member state characterized by medium level conflicts. High financial support appeared in three member states characterized by truly low level conflicts in terms of common organic and mainstream agriculture interests.     

Inequality and Social Conflict Over Land in Africa

The paper proposes that reports of pervasive competition and conflict over land in sub-Saharan Africa belie a current image of negotiable and adaptive customary systems of landholding and land use but, instead, reveal processes of exclusion, deepening social divisions and class formation. Cases of ambiguous and indeterminate outcomes among claimants over land do occur, but the instances of intensifying conflict over land, deepening social rifts and expropriation of land beg for closer attention. More emphasis needs to be placed by analysts on who benefits and who loses from instances of 'negotiability' in access to land, an analysis that, in turn, needs to be situated in broader political economic and social changes taking place, particularly during the past thirty or so years. This requires a theoretical move away from privileging contingency, flexibility and negotiability that, willy-nilly, ends by suggesting an open field, to one that is able to identify those situations and processes (including com-modification, structural adjustment, market liberalization and globalization) that limit or end negotiation and flexibility for certain social groups or categories.     

近15年来中国土地利用冲突研究进展与展望

研究目的:总结和梳理中国近15年来土地利用冲突研究文献,分析土地利用冲突的研究现状,展望未来的研究方向和重点。研究方法:基于中国知网、中文科技期刊数据库及万方数据知识服务平台学术文献数据库,采用文献调研法。研究结果:当前中国土地利用冲突研究具有很多共同的关注点,主要集中在土地利用冲突概念演变、类型与区域分布、原因及机制、评价与管理等4个方面。研究结论:在全面评析土地利用冲突研究成果的基础上,认为未来应当重点关注5个方面的研究:(1)理论基础和整体分析框架研究;(2)评价指标体系和定量模型研究;(3)多尺度(微观—中观—宏观)综合研究;(4)区域土地利用冲突情景模拟研究;(5)理论与实践相结合研究。     

资源诅咒寻租与冲突传导机制的博弈分析

"资源诅咒"可以通过多种传导机制对经济造成负面影响,而资源尤其是点资源所包含的大量租金诱使人们把很多资金和人力投入到毫无产出的寻租活动中,并且引发激烈的对抗性冲突、破坏和平的生产环境、降低生产效率,便是其中两项重要的传导机制。通过构建博弈模型解释了这两项传导机制的作用原理,并与我国当前资源开发过程中出现的一些问题相结合,提出通过改革资源税税制、控制租金的使用方向来杜绝寻租的源头,以及通过建立中央与地方共赢的利益协调机制来平息纷争的解决方案。以期及时规避资源诅咒,实现租金的有效利用、经济的平稳发展、利益的公平分配和环境的充分保护等多重目标。     

从水域滩涂使用纠纷探讨我国渔业权制度的完善

本文从我国渔民在水域滩涂使用中失去保命滩、补偿不合理、负担过重等种种矛盾和纠纷出发，运用实证分析和理论研究相结合的方法，对我国渔民权利受侵害的原因进行深入研究，发现我国渔业权在实施中存在着权利不明晰、补偿机制不完善、收费过程不合理等问题。针对问题，提出了完善渔业权制度的意义，并建议目前应抓住全国人大正在制定《物权法》的契机，规范和完善我国渔业权制度，从根本上保护渔民的权益。     

论货币政策与金融稳定的内生性冲突——基于资产价格和流动性分析的视角

本文首先综述了国际上关于货币政策对金融稳定影响的主要学术观点,然后应用Shin(2006)基础性的研究成果.提出了一个用于分析货币政策对金融稳定影响的理论框架.文章分析了在一个信贷约束市场上货币政策对金融稳定影响机制.研究表明,由于具有自强化反馈机制和不对称性特征,货币政策在追求自身目标实现过程中,有可能导致金融失衡.     

Marketing metrics' usage: Its predictors and implications for customer relationship management

This research aims to determine the conditions that foster use of marketing metrics in customer relationship management (CRM) and identify the organizational factors that strengthen/weaken the impact of usage of marketing metrics on CRM performance. Based on the customer value-based theory of the firm and the contingency perspective, a research framework was developed to shed light on the predictor roles of customer value-based organizational culture and processes in determining usage of marketing metrics, and foster an understanding of the moderating roles of marketing-supply chain conflict, and innovative value proposition on the marketing metric-performance relationships. Empirical evidence from a sample of 209 business firms confirmed the main effect that customer value-based organizational culture and processes support a firm's use of marketing metrics that in turn enhance its CRM performance. Notable moderating effects were also identified. Although marketing-supply chain conflict weakens the impact of marketing metrics usage in achieving superior CRM performance, innovative value proposition strengthens the conversion of marketing-metric-related knowledge into superior CRM performance.     

绿色营销:变革、冲突与战略选择

绿色营销作为市场营销观念的革命,在我国企业管理领域方兴未艾,通过对绿色营销变革的基础与特征,从理论上阐明企业行为逻辑与绿色营销的内在冲突,提出了我国目前实施“政府主导型”绿色营销发展战略的构想。     

我国生态旅游发展中应处理好的几对基本矛盾

生态旅游在我国已经历了多年的发展，但由于缺乏完整的理论体系和科学的实践方法，从而引发了一系列的矛盾，而且有些矛盾相当突出和严重。对我国生态旅游发展中存在的五个方面主要矛盾进行了系统的分析、归纳和总结，目的是为了引起理论界和实践界的高度关注和重视。     

Factors influencing women's decision to leave an organization following childbirth

The purpose of this study was to understand the reasons why college-educated women leave organizations after childbirth. Results from 228 women who participated in a study of intention to work following childbirth indicated specific work and family factors that differentiated mothers who returned to work from mothers who stayed home after childbirth. Comparisons were also made between women who had a child and those who anticipated having a child. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for organizational policy makers.