Risk Preferences and Gender Differences in Union Membership in Late Nineteenth-Century Swedish Manufacturing

Women are generally seen as less inclined to join trade unions. This study matches firm–worker data from the Swedish cigar and printing industries around 1900 and examines information on men and women holding the same jobs; such data are rare but important for understanding gender gaps. The results explain the gender gap in union membership among compositors, but not among cigar workers. Differences in union membership varied considerably across firms, with the largest differences found in low-union-density cigar firms where indirect costs (that is, uncertainty and risk) accrued in particular to women workers. The lack of gender differences in mutual aid membership indicates that women were not hard to organize but avoided organizations associated with greater risk for employer retaliation and uncertain returns according to a cost–benefit analysis.     

基于LBPH算法的人脸识别算法研究与设计

人脸识别技术是一种根据人脸的特征信息进行身份判定的技术,此技术经过几十年的发展,由弱人工智能向强人工智能转化,论文提出了一种Python语言利用LBPH算法提取人脸特征、实现人脸识别的方法。     

A theory of operational cash holding,endogenous financial constraints,and credit rationing

This paper develops a theory of operational cash holding. Liquidity shocks due to delayed payments must be financed using cash or short-term debt. Debt holders provide an irrevocable credit line given a firm's expected insolvency risk, and equity holders select optimum cash holding. The model demonstrates the trade-off between cash holding and investing in fixed assets. Introducing uncertain cash flows leads to precautionary cash holding if debt holders impose financial constraints. Precautionary cash holding, in turn, reduces insolvency risk enhancing access to short-term finance. The theory shows that credit rationing can occur in the absence of market frictions. Using U.S. data from 1998 to 2012, empirical findings suggest that the decline in credit lines has contributed to the increase in cash holding in line with theoretical predictions.     

The issue of translation during thematic analysis in a tourism research context

This research note discusses issues with translation of non-English text during qualitative analysis in tourism research using examples from the newly emergent phenomenon of Chinese working holidaymakers in New Zealand. In particular, this note highlights an additional translation step in the thematic analysis process with non-English interview quotes and excerpts. This note argues the merit of researchers’ dual role as researcher/translator and discusses how researchers can undertake translation in cross-language research to maintain the rigour of qualitative tourism research.     

Using paradata to collect better survey data: Evidence from a household survey in Tanzania

Data are a key component in the design, implementation, and evaluation of economic and social policies. Monitoring data quality is an essential part of any serious, large‐scale data collection process. The purpose of this article is to show how paradata should be used before, during, and after data collection to monitor and improve data quality. To do this we use timestamps, global positioning system (GPS) coordinates, and other paradata collected from an 800‐household survey conducted in Tanzania in 2016. We demonstrate how key paradata can be used during each phase of a research project to identify and prevent issues in the data and the methods used to collect it. Our results corroborate the importance of collecting and analyzing paradata to monitor fieldwork and ensuring data quality for micro data collection in developing countries. Based on these findings we also make recommendations as to how researchers can make better use of paradata in the future to manage and improve data quality. We argue for an expansion in the understanding and use of varied paradata among researchers, and a greater focus on its use for improving data quality.     

高职物流管理专业(港口与航运方向)课程体系研究——以新里程(天津)公司工作过程岗位技能为导向

以工作过程岗位技能为导向的课程体系设置是严谨的过程,需要在对实体企业的实际工作岗位技能进行调研后,才能展开具体课程设置。文章通过对新里程(天津)公司工作过程岗位技能进行数月调研后,根据该企业部门岗位职能拟定出高职物流管理专业(港口与航运方向)课程体系。     

How does face influence the purchase of imitative new products? Moderating roles of product design characteristics

Face plays a profound role in consumption, but the question of how it impacts the purchase of imitative new products remains unanswered in the current literature. Imitative new products, which are legitimate innovations bearing similarities to existing products, are prevalent in many markets. This study investigates how two dimensions of face consciousness—the desire to gain face and the fear of losing face—influence consumers' purchase intentions regarding imitative new products by considering three product design characteristics (new product imitation locus, new product imitation scope, and product hedonism) as boundary conditions. We find through experiments carried out with adult Chinese consumers that the desire to gain face strengthens, but the fear of losing face weakens purchase intention. Moreover, the positive effects of the desire to gain face are weakened by imitation locus (form vs. function imitation) but enhanced by imitation scope (either form or function imitation vs. both form and function imitation); whereas the negative effects of the fear of losing face are strengthened by imitation locus but weakened by imitation scope. Product hedonism enhances the positive effects of the desire to gain face and augments the negative effects of the fear of losing face. This study thus contributes to the face literature by differentiating the roles of two dimensions of face consciousness in affecting consumption of imitative new products. In addition, this study contributes two important constructs—new product imitation locus and new product imitation scope—to the literature on imitative new products.     

浅论新时期企业女职工工作重点

本文着重探讨和阐述了如何做好新时期企业女职工的工作及女职工工作发展方向。同时,指出了企业女职工面临的各种挑战、困境及解决应对的办法与对策。深刻地剖析并指出:企业要发展,女职工是一支不可忽视的主力军。同时,本文对新时期企业女职工工作从夯基础、维权益,做好娘家人、提素质、强学习、创品牌等方面展开论述。号召企业女职工在推动企业发展和维护自身权益中做出不懈努力,为企业的快速发展和经济效益的提升、为实现中华民族的伟大梦想而贡献出女性的智慧与力量!     

基于工作过程的模块式教学的探讨与实践——以高职院校《机械制图》课程为例

根据高职教育的培养目标,针对高职院学生的特点,对高职院校《机械制图》课程进行科学改革,合理安排《机械制图》教学计划,实行模块式教学进行了探讨。提出了以职业能力和素质培养为本位,改革传统的学科教学体系,树立基于职业工作过程的教学理念。     

浅谈语码转换的语用研究

自20世纪70年代以来,语码转换一直是语言学家普遍关注的问题。他们从心理语言学及语用学等不同的角度来研究语码转换。文中拟从语用学的角度对语码转换做深入的分析,研究此现象与面子理论及其与标记理论之间的关系,并分析语码转换的成因。