Taxes and Financial Constraints: Evidence from Linguistic Cues

Using a new measure of financial constraints based on firms’ qualitative disclosures, we find that financially constrained firms—firms that use more negative words in their annual reports—pursue more aggressive tax planning strategies as evidenced by: (1) higher current and future unrecognized tax benefits, (2) lower short‐ and long‐run current and future effective tax rates, (3) increase in tax haven usage for their material operations, and (4) higher proposed audit adjustments from the Internal Revenue Service. We exploit the unexpected closures of local banks as exogenous liquidity shocks to show that firms’ external financial constraints affect their tax avoidance strategies. Overall, the linguistic cues in firms’ qualitative disclosures provide incremental information beyond traditional accounting variables or commonly used effective tax rates to reveal and predict tax aggressiveness, both contemporaneously and in the future.     

Ethics in Business: Answering the Call

What might happen if business leaders across the globe viewed their work as a sacred calling in a religious sense? Might not the world be a far better place? This paper is an effort to stimulate debate and discussion on this topic. Concepts addressed include: (a) ethics in business, (b) ethical standards in business settings, (c) the role of law, (d) levels of corporate responsibility, (e) the role of religion in business ethics, (f) the idea of business as a calling in a religious sense, (g) the elements of modern corporate culture, (h) creating an ethical corporate culture, (i) demonstrating corporate social responsibility, and (j) providing servant leadership. The introduction to the paper shows how these concepts interrelate; its conclusion offers a challenge to business leaders to answer their call to business in the truest sense.     

CFO审计师经历、旋转门现象与会计稳健性

到客户管理层就职是会计师事务所审计师的一个重要职业选择,但监管机构对审计质量和企业财务报告质量的担忧引发了对此类现象的严格监管.本文基于2002年~2011年我国A股上市公司CFO的变更事件,从审计师的职业谨慎性出发,探讨了CFO审计师经历、"旋转门"现象对上市公司会计稳健性的影响.研究发现:CFO审计师经历能提高会计稳健性;"旋转门"现象并没有削弱公司会计稳健性;相比仅有审计师经历的新聘任CFO,"旋转门"现象下的CFO能更快地融入新公司并发挥作用.     

广告文案写作教学探讨

广告文案要有创意性思维。广告创意是广告文案的核心。广告文案文本是广告创意的物化和深化。在教学实践中,理论教学是贯彻广告创意思维的起点,实践训练是广告创意思维的掌握,要选择优秀广告文案教学案例辅助理论教学,以更好地达到提升广告文案创意思维教学的目的。     

Healthy Business Environment According to the General Theory of Sustainable Development

The article continues thinking about prospective of human society. Is the healthy business environment a fiction or a real opportunity？ How far-reaching are the roots of the future natural processes of changes？ How to work with the current global economic models？ Can the current European integration process be considered as natural？ Is a weak state a new opportunity for a future strong economy？ What is the historical essence of the liberal thought？ Why the current economic models are not permanent, why are they not sustainable, and why are they not developing for the basic quantum, which is the man as an individual？ Can also the basic quantum be integration units as family, society, company, municipality, region, country, or EU, etc.？ Qualified answers to the questions can be seen in a theoretical context of the General Theory of the Sustainable Development （GTSD）, too. Theoretical trinity of GTSD is based on three theoretical pillars： GPT （Gravitation Polarity Theory）, QET （Quantum Economy Theory）, and BIT （Big Integration Theory）. They can be considered as relevant theoretical basics for historical, current, and future sustainable development process. The healthy business environment is based on the healing of man. In GTSD, businessman and man gain a new source of knowledge, a new natural relationship, and a new content. This is a responsibility towards the customer and towards the pa~ner in business. Businessman＇s profit speaks about a new business in natural partnerships. Sustainable development without the Groove Management （second generation management） and without the fourth Reformation （with second generation of innovation） is a process that only reflects the regressive trend that takes place for more than 6000 years. Without the new content of the Fifth Theoretical Dimension （Consciousness） the historical mainstream of sustainable development process cannot be grasped. The biggest risk for the expected Healthy business society is a contemporary slave commun     

应用文写作中的过程教学法研究

在应用文写作教学中,使用过程教学法可以帮助学生们发现、分析、解决问题,提高学生们的思维、交际、自学和写作能力。而有效运用过程教学法必须掌握写前、写作、修改、重写和评阅这五个阶段的关键,它们分别是激发、梳理、协作、自主和关爱。     

What patents are used as collateral?—An empirical analysis of patent reassignment data

Only anecdotal evidence exists that ventures use patents as collateral to access debt financing. In this paper, we use a novel dataset on patent reassignments with a security interest to explore quantitatively what patents are used as collateral. We analyze characteristics of patents to disentangle whether it is the technology underlying a patent or the patent's exclusion right per se matters for collateralization. We do find empirical support only for technology-related characteristics, suggesting that lenders use patents to collateralize high-quality technology that can, in case of default, be redeployed to ventures in similar technology fields. On the other hand, patent-related characteristics like scope, which are, in general, related to patent value and are particularly important for non-practicing entities, do not matter.     

国内服务贸易竞争力文献回顾、评述与展望--基于2001-2014年CSSCI期刊的分析

服务贸易竞争力是衡量一国经济实力的重要指标。本文基于文献学视角对2001-2014年发表在CSSCI期刊上的117篇相关论文进行分析,透视国内服务贸易竞争力研究的进展状况,并对其视角、方法与结论进行归纳与述评,指出当前研究存在的不足：重实证,轻理论;研究视角单一,研究方法存在缺陷;缺少文献回顾,研究层面集中。进而提出未来的研究方向：矫正学术误区,重视理论支撑;拓宽研究视角,科学构建评价体系;分类梳理文献,注重中、微观层面研究。     

我国西部地区资源型城市发展与新型城镇化路径研究

我国西部地区自然资源丰富,有许多城市都是靠自然资源的开发而逐步兴起和发展起来的,这些城市在新型城镇化进程中,除了面临西部地区共有的一些困难外,还有其特有的一些阻碍新型城镇化的因素.有必要从“以人为本”,提高人民生活整体水平的角度出发,促进西部地区资源型城市的发展,为新型城镇化的发展铺平道路.     

邓小平世界历史意识之探析

邓小平的世界历史意识有着丰富的内涵,是邓小平理论的重要组成部分.中国的对外开放政策是邓小平世界历史意识的在中国实践的具体体现.贯彻落实好对外开放政策,是继承和发扬邓小平世界历史意识的重要体现.