On the Confirmation of the Goodwill

The goodwill is widely existing in modem corporation＇s management, and becoming a corporation＇s important and economic resources more and more, it has become a commonplace that goodwill can bring the corporation the competence that exceeds the average profit horizontal of the industry and economic benefits. Therefore, the goodwill also becomes the important contents that accountancy checks increasingly, among them; the confirmation of goodwill is a basic problem in the accountancy.     

对商誉的再探讨

商誉是无形资产中最为特殊的组成内容，过去人们封其性质和构成有不同的看法。在知识经济时代的今天，无形资产的性质和范畴认识得到深入，商誉的构成内容与无形资产的泉多组成内容有很多相同之处，商誉的实质就是多项未入账无形资产的总和。商誉的确认与计量问题也就转换为对企业自创无形资产的确认与计量，知识经济下应确认和计量对描述企业财务状况起关键作用的自创无形资产。但在不确定和充满风险的经济环境下，应积极稳妥地确认自创无形资产。自创无形资产的计量可按不同特点选择采用成本基础定价法、市场基础定价法、经济定价法。     

Goodwill write-off and financial market behaviour: An analysis of possible relationships

The aim of this contribution is to verify whether there exists a reaction of financial markets to the new accounting method for goodwill introduced by SFAS 142 and IAS 36. Our research hypothesis is that financial markets should have no significant reaction to the goodwill write-off following the impairment test, since the latter's outcome represents an economic estimate without financial significance. The hypothesis was checked by the analysis of the companies added to the Standard & Poor's Europe 350 index over a three-year period, taking note of goodwill write-off announcements and relating them with the stock market prices and their volatility. The results demonstrate a correlation between the goodwill write-off and the behaviour of financial markets, while the same connection cannot be evinced for prices volatility. Also, what comes out from our analysis is that markets need a relatively long period, over one semester, before absorbing in full the effects resulting from the write-off announcement.     

Fixed Asset Revaluation and Equity Depletion in the UK

UK GAAP has traditionally allowed the write-off of purchased goodwill directly to reserves, resulting in the widespread depletion of book equity. Companies have also been permitted to revalue fixed assets at management's discretion. This study examines whether upward revaluations have been associated with the depletion of book equity and with other costly contracting explanations identified in prior research. Our results provide strong support for the equity depletion hypothesis, both with regard to the decision to revalue and the timing of the revaluations. Indebtedness, liquidity, size and fixed asset intensity are also consistently associated with upward revaluation.     

新经济条件下应对自创商誉进行确认

目前多数国家对外购商誉予以确认,而对自创商誉不予确认,这主要是基于可靠性和稳健性的考虑。随着知识经济的到来,商誉特别是自创商誉在企业资产中的比重越来越大,确认自创商誉无论从促进会计理论发展,还是从提高会计信息质量、提高会计实务水平来看,都是十分重要的。经济的不断发展,使得会计界不得不重新确定一些新的会计确认标准,这为我们解决包括自创商誉的确认问题提供了现实的理论准备。     

重要性水平在自创商誉处理中的运用

知识经济时代,自创商誉作为企业价值的组成部分,对企业发展的影响深远,然而如此具有高价值相关性的信息却被排除在财务报表之外。文章将重要性水平运用于自创商誉的处理中,以自创商誉的构成因素——品牌为例测算了品牌资产对企业的价值贡献度,然后判断其重要性水平。高于重要性水平的企业信息需要披露给信息使用者,这样便于将重要的自创商誉信息传递给信息使用者。     

传统商誉计量方法的选择

近年来随着对无形资产的会计核算愈来愈重视,对商誉确认计量的会计研究也多了起来,对于商誉的计量方法有不同的看法,本文主要阐述传统的商誉计量方法的运用以及对其的评价。     

固定资产和商誉减值的中英比较与借鉴

资产减值等有关问题是目前我国会计理论和实务中急需加以关注的问题之一，本文试图通过对我国有关资产减值准则制度与英国会计准则委员会(ASB)发布的财务报告准则第11号(FRS11)比较，以期从中借鉴有益部分，促进我国有关资产减值会计的完善。     

借壳上市有关壳资源的会计计量问题探究——以华源股份为例

按我国现行规定,企业借壳上市过程中形成反向购买的,若构成业务则需确认商誉,否则按权益性交易处理。若壳公司保留少量业务,上市公司要么确认巨额商誉,要么不得不放弃这些少量业务,使上市公司陷入两难的处境。本文从企业整体价值出发,将借壳方的购买行为划分为取得上市地位的买壳和购买留存少量业务两部分。对于买壳行为,按权益性交易处理,不确认商誉;对于购买留存少量业务的行为,按照购买法确认商誉。对于壳资源价值计量,本文通过对华源股份的案例分析,建议采用协商定价的方法以化解壳公司留存少量业务情况下的壳资源和商誉计量问题。     

浅论自创商誉的会计处理问题

自创商誉是商誉的一个重要组成部分,是指非购买的,企业在生产经营过程中,自行发展起来的商誉。传统的观点认为,确认自创商誉有悖于会计信息可靠性的质量特征、有悖于稳健性的会计原则。但笔者认为,在现代社会经济迅猛发展的情况下,传统的会计核算理论已经开始受到来自理论和实务的挑战,文章在对自创商誉确认的合理性进行分析的基础上,阐述了自创商誉会计处理的有关问题,包括:自创商誉价值的计算,自创商誉的摊销、披露及自创商誉会计发展的相关基础工作。