试论低端劳动力工资形成机制的变革及其经济效应

自2004年“民工荒”暴发后，农民工工资结束了长期的停滞状态，进入了一个快速的上升通道。工资水平的上涨是由人口因素、周期因素、政策因素、结构因素等多因素导致的。随着农民工工资形成机制从传统的生存工资法则转向保留工资约束下的市场议价型工资法则，中国经济将迎来工资快速上涨的新时期。收入分配格局的变动为中国迎来库兹涅茨倒U曲线的拐点性转变提供了新契机，为缩小收入分配差异过大提供了新的可能性，这将促进中国经济增长模式由外需驱动型向内需驱动型、由投资驱动型向消费驱动型的加速转变。     

Characteristics of non-fatal injuries in Leon,Nicaragua – 2004

This article describes the epidemiology of injuries collected in the Injury Surveillance System in Leon Hospital in Nicaragua. A total of 6659 persons were treated for injuries in 2004. It was discovered that 88% of all injuries were unintentional, 9% involved interpersonal violence, 2% were self-inflicted and 0.2% was undetermined. Men accounted for 64.7% of the cases, with the highest rate among 20 – 24 year olds (5625.8 per 100 000 inhabitants). Among women, the highest rate was in those aged 64 years and older (5324.2 per 100 000 inhabitants). The most common mechanisms were falls (33.9%), blunt force (26.8%), cut/pierce/stab (15.1%) and transportation-related (12.8%). These results indicate the need to identify prevention strategies for those injuries that were most commonly treated in emergency, such as unintentional falls among older women, self-inflicted poisoning among young women and blunt force and transportation-related injuries among young men.     

论资源税改革目标的实现机制

从2011年11月起,以提高油气资源税税负为核心的资源税改革全面推开,资源所在地政府的增收效应和油气企业的增税效应显现出来。资源节约与环境保护的改革目标顺应了经济发展方式转变的客观需求,因加税而增加的经营成本能否实现价格传导,关系到改革目标能否实现。本文在阐述资源税改革目标和改革效应的基础上,分析了资源税改革的价格传导机制,认为价格传导是实现资源税改革目标的途径之一。     

清洁发展机制的项目融资方式

清洁发展机制 (CDM)是京都议定书中第 1 2条定义的 ,介绍《京都议定书》提出的清洁发展机制 (CDM)的目的和CDM项目的运作方式 ,探讨了CDM项目七种融资方式的特点、应用前景和应用范围 ,为企业参与CDM项目融资提出了建议     

我国商业银行并购前景与机制完善

并购是商业银行实现规模经营增强竞争能力的重要手段.面对全球银行业并购浪潮和2006年底我国金融业开放时间表的临近,涉及我国商业银行的并购案在过去几年已经明显增加.本文以我国近年来银行业并购现状为切入点,总结当前我国商业银行并购的特征,分析展望我国银行业并购前景,指出要加快我国银行业并购步伐,有关部门还需创造更加有利的条件,从外部环境和内部条件两方面共同完善我国商业银行并购机制.     

论中小企业融资方式的改革和创新

进入新世纪以来,我国中小企业在繁荣经济、增加就业、推动创新和催生产业中发挥着越来越大的作用,已成为推动社会生产力发展和促进社会主义和谐社会建设的重要力量。但是,由于种种原因,融资难问题一直是中小企业发展的重要瓶颈之一。而建立健全政府补助机制、大力发展小额贷款公司及担保公司、发行中小企业集合债券或集合票据、加快创业板市场建设、灵活采用多种担保方式进行融资无疑是中小企业融资方式的创新之举。     

后危机时代江苏开放型经济发展的动力机制分析

尽管成功地防止了大萧条的出现,世界经济仍然有一段时间是不稳定的,有可能存在1～3年的低增长,很多学者将这一阶段成为"后危机时代"。在这一阶段,世界经济仍然会有很多不确定、不稳定因素。江苏作为开放型经济大省,已经完全加入到经济全球化的进程中,参与国际分工,接受国际资本的转移,并且不可避免地受到后危机时代国际经济形势变化的影响。对于不断出现的新形势、新问题,我们需要寻找促进江苏开放型经济进一步发展的新的动力机制。     

关于新疆兵团科技发展机制创新的思考

科技创新重在机制突破,良好的机制是科技创新的保证。兵团要实现跨越式发展,促进科技进步,需要根据市场规律、经济与科技发展的要求,在产学研机制、科技人才激励机制、科技创新评价机制和科技中介服务体系等方面进行整合、变革和创新。本文就兵团科技发展机制创新问题进行了探讨。     

农村公共薪柴林地治理的购买机制——西藏伦布岗村案例

薪柴在西藏农牧民生活能源中占据重要地位,如果薪柴砍伐不当,则可能引发生态环境破坏,因此建立公共薪柴林地的恰当治理机制,对于保持当地可持续发展至为重要。基于此,本文提出农村公共薪柴林地治理的购买机制,以促进薪柴林地的合理利用。应用所构建的购买机制,分析西藏伦布岗村公共薪柴林地的治理案例,认为伦布岗村的案例正好与构建的购买机制相符合。     

Mechanisms for a spatially distributed market

We consider the problem of a spatially distributed market with strategic agents. A single good is traded in a set of independent markets, where shipment between markets is possible but costly. The problem has previously been studied in the non-strategic case, in which it can be analyzed and solved as a min-cost-flow problem. We consider the case where buyers and sellers are strategic. Our first result gives a double characterization of the VCG prices, first as distances in a certain residue graph and second as the minimal (for buyers) and maximal (for sellers) equilibrium prices. This provides a computationally efficient, individually rational and incentive compatible welfare maximizing mechanism. This mechanism is, necessarily, not budget balanced and we also provide a budget-balanced mechanism (which is also computationally efficient, incentive compatible and individually rational) that achieves high welfare. Finally, we present results for some extensions of the model.