宏观利率政策的有效性研究

宏观利率政策对经济增长具有有效性。尽管我国几次调整利率的效果不如预期那么好 ,但否定货币政策在我国已失去作用的看法是错误的。从IS -LM分析可以看出货币政策的有效性 ,但其有效性受着一些因素的约束。为此 ,必须有适当的政策促进利率政策的有效性。     

世界石油市场结构:演进、动因及影响——产油国油气政策调整对广义石油产业链价值分布的影响

本文从回顾世界石油市场结构演进历程入手,对产油国油气政策调整这一重要现象进行了分析。产油国油气政策的调整不仅直接改变了石油公司在资源环节的买方地位和所处的买方结构,同时也间接影响到其在油气生产阶段作为卖方所承担的成本以及原油市场的卖方结构。这样,通过对原油和成品油市场价格的连锁影响,在成品油价格变动特殊规律的约束下,油气资源政策的调整通过对石油市场结构产生影响,改变了石油广义产业链中资源环节和传统产业链环节的价值分布。     

完善我国企业绿色监督体系的研究

为了实现循环经济,促进企业的可持续发展,加强环保监督显得尤为重要。目前我国环境保护现状十分严峻,在经济全球化过程中绿色贸易壁垒对绿色监督提出了新的挑战;虽然政府先后建立了三项环境经济政策,在学术界也形成与绿色监督相关的理论体系,但是绿色监督任务仍然任重道远。笔者提出通过建立并规范外部绿色监督体系,对企业进行强制、有效的环保监控,同时建立内部监督体系,使企业绿色监督由被动监督转变为主动监督。     

制造业企业会计政策选择之纳税筹划研究

纳税人在进行纳税筹划过程中都普遍认为,只要进行纳税筹划就可以减轻税收负担,增加自身收益,而很少甚至根本不考虑纳税筹划的风险。其实,纳税筹划作为一种计划决策方法,本身也是有风险的。当然,制造业企业生产经营中的具体纳税筹划应在企管中统筹安排。     

国家主体功能区规划实施的几个关键问题

全国主体功能区规划已获得国务院通过并开始实施。作为一项国家空间战略布局规划,主体功能区规划的实施必将作为“十二五”时期及今后一段时期内经济社会工作的重点。为推动主体功能区规划的顺利实施,各级政府需要对主体功能区规划实施的关键问题形成共识。在主体功能区规划实施中,对主体功能区的认识、主体功能区规划实施的主体、主体功能区的划分、主体功能区的协调与调整、主体功能区的监测与评价、主体功能区政策措施落实、主体功能区的考核、主体功能区实施的组织保障、主体功能区规划实施的技术支撑、主体功能区实施的挑战与机遇等是需要重点关注的问题。     

中国货币政策传导机制分析——利率渠道的实证分析

市场经济条件下，在发达的货币市场和有效的金融机制基础上，货币政策主要通过利率、汇率、非货币资产和信贷传播四条途径影响宏观经济总量。本文重点通过对利率传导渠道的实证分析，说明中国由于利率管制等方面对货币政策传导的阻滞作用，中央银行的货币政策意图不能有效地指导实体经济，进而对疏导货币政策的传导机制提出对策建议。     

我国省际边界区域的研究进展及展望

省际边界区域既是省级经济政策的交汇区,又是区域摩擦的集中地,空间协调难度较大,统筹发展难点较多,是和谐社会建设所面临的重大问题之一。我国省际边界区域研究内容主要包括边界区域的理论内涵、影响因素、产业发展、空间组织结构模型、空间管治以及发展战略和对策等。这些研究多以现状的描述为主,并没有形成完整的理论体系。在全球化、网络化和信息化以及科学发展观的背景下,省际边界区域已成为我国区域统筹发展的重点,在今后的研究中要重视探讨以“边界效应”理论为基础的边界区域经济学,深入分析省际边界区域的产业分工与合作,深化研究省际边界区域空间结构演化及优化路径,加快构建省际边界区域协调发展的定量系统模型,科学完善省际边界区域协调发展理论体系。     

空间政策:由区域倾斜到产业倾斜

空间政策具有阶段性的特征,区域倾斜为主是空间政策发展的初级阶段,产业倾斜为主是空间政策发展的高级阶段。我国建国以来无论是实施区域均衡发展战略、非均衡发展战略、还是非均衡协调发展战略,都采取了区域倾斜为主的空间政策来进行空间调控。但是,区域倾斜的空间政策存在着效率与公平时空错位、对市场调控机制的损害和区域一刀切的弊端。产业倾斜可实现提高效率、区域公平和环境友好三大目标的统一,是我国今后空间政策的发展取向。主体功能区划将推进区域倾斜和产业倾斜的结合,是由区域倾斜为主向产业倾斜为主的过渡,在我国空间政策转换阶段,应更多运用产业倾斜的政策手段。     

Policy matters. The long run effects of aggregate demand and mark-up shocks on the Italian unemployment rate

This paper estimates a VAR including labor productivity, real wage and unemployment rate, to identify the dynamic effects of technology, demand, and mark-up shocks, respectively, on the Italian labor market. Identification is achieved by imposing recursive restrictions on the matrix of long run multipliers. Our results show that both mark up and aggregate demand shocks permanently reduce the unemployment rate. Finally, technology shocks do not significantly affect the unemployment rate in the long run. These findings convey important policy implications: expansionary aggregate demand and deregulation policies reducing the mark up permanently decrease the Italian unemployment rate.Jel classification: C32, E32, J29This paper has been produced as part of a CEPR Research Network on New Approaches to the Study of Economic Fluctuations. We would like to thank Marcello DAmato, Mario Forni, Marco Lippi and Antonio Ribba for useful comments. We are also grateful to Bernd Sussmuth for pointing out to us several significant improvements to the paper.First version received: November 2001/Final version received: October 2002     

The Effectiveness and Efficiency of Active Labour Market Policies in Poland

Following the predominance of macroeconomic stabilisation policies and passive income support schemes in the first phase of transition, active labour market policies (ALMPs) have now come to play a more important role in transition economies. This paper looks at the Polish experience and provides empirical evidence on the effectiveness of ALMPs. We use the Polish Labour Force Survey of August 1994 in combination with its Supplement on the Evaluation of Labour Market Policies together with data on ALMP expenditure at the regional (voivodship) level. The macroeconometric analysis of the relationship between labour market flows and ALMP expenditure shows no significant effects. The microeconometric analysis reveals that ALMPs are not particularly well targeted at the problem groups in the labour market. That is, women and people with basic vocational education do not receive enough attention. As to the effectiveness of ALMPs, the paper shows that former participants cannot expect to find employment more easily than their peers who have been unemployed but have not been in a programme. Subjective evaluations of former participants also suggest that ALMPs, but especially works programmes, have not improved their chances to find a job. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.