中国迈进创新型国家行列了么 ——基于六大权威评价指标体系的综合研判

创新型国家建设是化解新时代中国社会主要矛盾的有力抓手，是关乎中国在国际竞争格局中地位的战略举措和迈向现代化科技强国的必然要求。2020年中国迈进创新型国家行列是《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要（2006-2020年）》明确提出的奋斗目标，也是《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》提出的“三步走”战略之首要一步。以国际公认的六大权威评价指标体系为蓝本，深入研判中国是否符合创新型国家标准，并结合国情及国际横向可比性，构建5大类16项指标体系，通过设定目标值，采用等权重相对衡量法测度中国创新型国家建设水平。研究表明：中国整体进入创新型国家行列，并迈向跨越创新型国家前列的崭新发展阶段，但不平衡性、不充分性、不协调性问题依然突出，中国创新型国家建设任重而道远。     

Reflective versus unreflective country images: How ruminating on reasons for buying a country’s products alters country image

Based on the excitation-transfer model, this study considers how pondering on reasons for buying a particular country’s products influences country image (CI). We use an experimental approach to test our hypotheses and check for differences between unreflective/ad lib CI and reflective/reasoned CI measurements. The findings indicate differences between reflective and unreflective CI perceptions. These differences are more prominent for CI measurements relating to less well-known countries. Only a minority of consumers seem to knowingly buy a country’s products because of its reputation. Our research extends existing approaches to CI based only on country knowledge activation by incorporating the concept of motivational relevance and the applicability of activated knowledge. We also propose a segmentation scheme based on the motivational relevance of CI.     

Perceived corporate social responsibility effects across nations – The role of national institutions

While many multinationals reduce their ecological footprint and signal corporate social responsibility (CSR), consumers’ perceptions of CSR signals have distinct cross-national effects on behavior. However, knowledge of how national institutions influence these effects remains limited. The authors address this gap by analyzing the roles of institutions in perceived CSR effects on consumer purchase intention, via trust and quality, in 43 countries using multilevel modeling. They find a core pathway of CSR among the direct and indirect effects. Importantly, they show for the first time how economic, regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive institutions affect these pathways differently. Key levers are revealed, together with less important institutions. These findings have direct implications for managers and stakeholders interested in cross-national differences in CSR effects.     

Foreign company misconduct and how consumers’ punitive intent is influenced by country stereotypes and the perceived similarity between the foreign country and the home country

Using a previously untested similarity contingency model of country stereotypes, this study assesses the effects of country stereotypes, perceived country similarity, and their interplay on emotion-driven punitive intent toward foreign, wrongdoing companies. In Study 1, positive country stereotypes (warmth, competence) mitigate punitive intent by diminishing agonistic emotions (contempt, anger, and disgust). Study 2 demonstrates that perceived similarity with a wrongdoing company’s country of origin moderates the indirect effects of country stereotypes on emotion-driven punitive intent. Compensatory effects between country stereotypes and perceived country similarity emerge; with greater (lower) perceived country similarity, the indirect effects of country stereotypes on emotion-driven punitive intent are weaker (stronger). The results provide companies with relevant insights into (1) why consumers emotionally react as they do to wrongdoing companies of different nationalities and (2) how to counterbalance negative effects of company misconduct by harmonizing elements of countries’ warmth, competence, and perceived country similarity in branding and communication content.