建立中国-东盟自由贸易区的贸易效应分析

在当今世界经济的发展中,区域经济一体化是战后世界经济发展的重要特征,也是当前世界经济发展的客观必然趋势。按照《中国-东盟全面经济合作框架协议》时间框架,中国-东盟自由贸易区于2010年1月1日全面建成。本文首先介绍了中国-东盟自由贸易区的发展状况;然后采用定性分析法,通过对建立中国-东盟自由贸易区的贸易效应分析,可以看出中国东盟的经济还有很大的发展空间,只要将贸易区内存在的问题处理妥当,中国一东盟自由贸易区在建成后将能发挥更大的潜力。     

我国铁路国际联运无纸化运输总体构建研究

随着铁路信息化水平的不断提升,以及国际联运各参加方信息共享的深入推进,改变基于纸质单证的办理流程,实现以电子数据为载体的信息流程再造,将带来铁路国际联运效率质的提升。阐述我国铁路国际联运办理流程,分析传统纸质单证办理流程存在问题,从国内运输电子化、国际铁路间数据交换及海关电子通关3个方面,研究提出我国铁路国际联运无纸化运输总体构建,为我国铁路国际联运信息共享和无纸化探索提供新的思路。     

Rules for the disposition of tariff revenues and the determination of common external tariffs in customs unions

This paper is about the determination of common external tariffs (CETs) in customs unions (CUs). We first examine how the relationship between preferences over CET levels, technology and the distribution of factor ownership in a CU is conditioned by the rule that determines the disposition of tariff revenues. We then explore how majority voting at the country level translates these preferences into an equilibrium CET. Among other things, we find that, when revenues are partitioned in proportion to members’ imports, tariff preferences may be polarized, the trade patterns of some CU members may be endogenous, and, as a result, their payoff functions may not be single-peaked. This leads to voting outcomes that dramatically differ from those arising under other sharing rules (e.g., the ‘population’ and ‘consumption’ rules) and raises the possibility of a Condorcet paradox.     

中俄贸易中的灰色清关及其对策

2004年2月俄罗斯强力部门查抄中国商人货物的艾米拉事件再次暴露了中俄民间贸易存在的问题——灰色清关,灰色清关已经成为中俄民间贸易的瓶颈,严重制约了中俄经贸关系的正常发展。本文就此展开,解释了什么是灰色清关,灰色清关形成的历史背景,分别从俄方和中方的角度分析了灰色清关问题至今悬而未决的原因,并在此基础上提出了目前解决灰色清关问题的对策。     

Customs Union and the Harris-Todaro Model with International Capital Mobility

Traditional customs union theory concludes that trade creation enhances welfare. Thus, Yu's (1982) conclusion that trade creation may decrease welfare in the presence of general unemployment is an important observation. Parai and Batra (1987) reestablish the traditional results in the Harris-Todaro model, where unemployment is sector-specific. We conclude that trade creation may decrease welfare in the Harris-Todaro model with international capital mobility when labor subsidies or capital taxes (subsidies) exist. Moreover, second-best labor subsidies or capital subsidies (taxes) recommended by some authors increase the chances of welfare decreasing trade creation.     

空运进口通关模式国际比较研究

根据航空货运业的发展,空运通关改革势在必行。文章在比较美国、荷兰、新加坡、日本空运进口通关模式的基础上,揭示其在通关流程、信息系统、风险管理、查验等方面的作法,并总结四国具有共性的特点,在此基础上提出单一窗口、物流信息流分离、自动缴税等建议,为我国空运通关模式改革提供思路。     

European Integration, Intra-industry Trade in Vertically Differentiated Products and the Balkan Countries

The aim of this paper is to examine the relation between the integration process and the intensity of intra-industry trade between two countries of different levels of development. Our theoretical model and results indicate that trade liberalization and the establishment of the Free Trade Areas between the Balkan countries and the EC have led to the growth of the intra-industry trade between Greece—EC member state—and those countries. The main instruments of this process have been the Europe Agreements and the Stabilization and Association Agreements between the Balkan countries and the EC. The paper presents a model in vertically differentiated products in a Free Trade Area context and proceeds to depict the intensity of intra-industry trade between Greece and the Balkan countries.      

世贸组织框架下我国农业保护的现实选择

入世对我国来说是一把“双刃剑”,有机遇也有挑战。在农业尤其是农产品国际贸易这一领域,入世的冲击是十分显著的。本文根据世界贸易组织的要求和有关经济理论,对入世后我国农业保护的现实选择问题进行了研究,重点探讨了差价补贴这一新方法,进而提出了相应的政策建议。     

知识产权海关保护与贸易便利化

随着知识经济的快速崛起,国际贸易在飞速发展中逐渐与知识产权交织在一起,伴随而来的是国际贸易中侵权现象不断增加,如何在保护知识产权和贸易通关便利化之间取得平衡,成为今天我国海关工作的重大挑战。本文从现行我国知识产权边境保护体系存在的问题入手,分析了由于知识产权备案信息多头存放导致的放行误被终止的问题、贴牌生产的侵权问题、专利权被滥用以及专利权边境保护海关执法能力不足等问题,并给出可行性建议。     

基于区块链技术服务贸易畅通探讨

当今全球贸易数字化程度不断提高,随着"一带一路"的不断推进,单纯依靠中心化的大数据技术难于适应国家之间平等合作的需要,考虑到国际贸易总体风险水平相对较高,因此急需能够在部分信任、非信任环境下建立数字信任关系,简化跨境交易流程、提高交易效率,充分体现跨境各方平等参与。本文以中国海关试点项目为基础,探讨"一带一路"背景下基于区块链技术建设新型国际贸易支撑体系,从"自证"向"他证"转变前后对国际贸易活动的影响[1],重点就国际贸易规则和法律法规智能合约化、全球国际贸易联网监管中主链和支链设计等问题进行剖析。本文对参与"一带一路"工作的政策设计者、信息化决策者及实施人员具有一定参考意义,对于区块链技术相关研究课题具有一定借鉴作用。