INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS IN INPUT-OUTPUT MODELS

The analysis of income distribution (ID) has traditionally been of prime importance for economists and policy-makers. However, the standard input–output (I–O) model is not particularly well equipped for studying current issues such as the consequences of decreasing access to primary inputs or the effects of specific redistributive policies. This paper addresses this gap in the existing literature. We propose that IDs can excellently be studied by restructuring the I–O relations. A new coefficients matrix is defined, the so-called augmented input coefficients matrix. This matrix is the sum of the intermediate input coefficients matrix and newly constructed matrices of sector-specific input coefficients that represent the existing distribution of income. We show that shifts in the distribution can be modelled by attributing weights to these matrices and vary these according to system-specific rules. Numerical illustrations based on the existing literature are given throughout the paper.     

我国采掘业上市公司并购绩效及其外部扩张

筛选沪深两市采掘业上市公司中在2008年发生并购的公司作为样本,对比全行业和未发生并购企业数据,采用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对长期并购绩效进行分析。研究结果显示,并购活动在短期内会对企业造成绩效冲击,但长期来看,并购有利于公司绩效的提升。     

粮价上涨最终受益者是农民吗?

与国际范围内粮食价格快速上涨同时,中国粮食市场自2006年9月出现新一轮的粮价上涨。物价上涨在2008年春节前后达到了高峰,特别是食品价格上涨较快。国内粮价不断攀升,看似农民收入增加,但伴随着一系列的农产品生产资料的价格增加,农业间接成本投入的攀升,农民最终收入所剩如何?     

The dynamics of tourism’s carbon footprint in Beijing,China

Abstract

Beijing is an important hub for global tourism, but the extent of tourism’s contribution to Beijing’s carbon footprint remains unclear. We integrated an environmentally extended multiregional input–output model and the tourism satellite account in a study to estimate the dynamics of Beijing’s tourism-related carbon footprint in the post-financial crisis period. Our findings indicate that from 2007 to 2012, whereas the carbon footprint of inbound tourists in Beijing steadily decreased, that of domestic tourists increased. The composition of carbon footprints for the consumption activities of inbound and domestic tourists differed substantially. We also traced the spatial distribution of carbon sources associated with tourism consumption in Beijing. In light of our findings, we offer recommendations to target the adoption of low-carbon consumption patterns by domestic tourists, and energy optimization of service suppliers by increasing energy use efficiency and the renewable energy ratio. In addition, we recommend that public and government should seek to lower energy costs and reduce carbon emissions throughout the life cycle of commodities. We conclude that the government and tourism authorities should actively promote carbon and wider environmental awareness, and that producers must seek to improve the efficiency of their energy use by reducing carbon emissions at source.     

基于DEA模型的区域创新系统中政府作用的评价研究

基于DEA理论思想,构建了评价区域创新系统中政府作用的数学模型,为定量评价政府在区域创新系统(RIS)中的作用提供了理论依据。采集全国29个地区的数据,评价了区域创新系统中政府作用的有效性,并以河北省为例,进一步利用模型的参数进行了分析。     

An environmental performance index for products reflecting damage costs

Several studies have demonstrated how to use DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) based techniques to estimate environmental performance indices. None of these studies, however, are taking information on the environmental damage costs of the pressure types considered into account. This study is bridging a gap between environmental indices founded in physical pressures and damage costs founded in welfare economics. The aim of the paper is twofold: first, to demonstrate how to implement the information on environmental damage costs within a DEA based environmental performance index, and second, to estimate these indices at product level by using Danish input-output data and environmental data from 1997.     

1998～2003:我国城市技术效率与规模效率实证研究

本文利用包络技术对我国1998-2003年216个城市技术效率和规模效率进行实证研究。得出两个主要结论：一是在城市迅速扩张期间，城市技术效率和规模效率均有所改进，表明我国城市在良性轨迹上发展。二是我国部分城市在发展中缺乏技术效率或者规模效率，导致要素使用效率低下或投入-产出比例失衡。     

电网建设和社会经济协调发展的DEA评价研究

电网建设和社会经济发展之间有着紧密的联系。本文分析了两者的评价指标,通过应用数据包络分析(DEA)模型计算出两者之间的协调程度,并对协调度进行了分析,以期为电网建设评价提供一种协调的方法。     

基于DEA模型的城市集约经营效率分析——以我国的15个副省级城市为例

DEA方法是进行相对有效性评价的一种方法，本文利用DEA模型的两种形式对我国15个副省级城市的集约经营效率进行了比较分析，并探讨了制约我国集约经济发展的重要因素及其对策。     

Efficiency and Technical Change in Intertemporal Intersectoral DEA

A new procedure for the measurement of efficiency and technical change is presented, using DEA with three-dimension data (box data), pooling over sectors, regions and time. Until now, when pooling the data in panel applications it has been assumed that technology remained unchanged, so productivity change was entirely attributed to technical efficiency change. However, patterns of technology change and the decomposition into efficiency and technical change elements can be accomplished by means of restrictions on the general structure of the technology indexes. Under the assumption of non-regressive technical change, upper and lower bounds for efficiency and technical change are obtained. The new methodology is illustrated in an analysis of productivity growth in 13 manufacturing sectors in the Spanish regions from 1980 to 1992.