解析存款保险与中央银行LLR的关系

我国将建立存款保险制度已是不争的事实,但国内学术界对有关存款保险制度组织形式问题的研究还不够深入,绝大多数仅局限于对国外现有的存款保险制度的优缺点加以比较分析,或是对相关文献做一些整理综述的工作,即使有个人观点,也是描述性地加以阐述.本文借鉴不完全契约理论,从微观经济学角度出发,分析了在不同条件下,存款保险与中央银行LLR之间的关系,得到了比较有意义的结果.从方法论上讲,这与前人的工作有很大的不同.最后,根据本文模型,作者提出了对我国存款保险制度组织形式选择的个人观点,并指出模型有待进一步改进的地方.     

存款偏离度考核机制的政策解读与商业银行应对之策

中国人民银行等三家机构近期联合推出的存款偏离度考核机制引起了商业银行高管对传统负债业务管理思维的新思考。存款偏离度过高问题主要受内外两种力量所驱动,对金融市场产生了一定的负面影响。加强对存款偏离度考核将具有积极的现实意义。为有效应对新的考核机制对传统负债业务管理造成的影响,商业银行须以《通知》精神为导向,扬弃传统经营管理观念,塑造新的经营管理思维,从规范化的经营理念、科学化的绩效考核、精细化的负债管理、差异化的业务创新、全面化的风险管控等五方面协同并进,力促银行自身的转型升级。     

我国利率政策效果的实证检验及改革取向

我国一度连续降低利率,但对分流资金、刺激需求的作用并不明显,期间存在一些利率外的因素使政策效果受到了影响。通过对利率政策做一实证分析以明确利率变动对经济发展的影响程度,探讨利率政策效果的制约因素,从而给出改革建议。     

The pricing of deposit insurance considering bankruptcy costs and closure policies

The paper aims to study the pricing issue of deposit insurance with explicit consideration of bankruptcy costs and closure policies. Full coverage from deposit insurance is imposed by many regulators to stabilize the banking system in the current financial crisis, despite of the potential moral hazard problems. We argue that bankruptcy cost is an important factor in pricing deposit insurance, especially when the insured institution is insolvent. Applying the isomorphic relationship between deposit insurance and put option, we first derive a closed-form solution for the pricing model with bankruptcy costs and closure policies. Then, we modify the barrier option approach to price the deposit insurance in which the bankruptcy cost is set as a function of asset return volatility and more realistic closure policies considering possible forbearance can be accounted for. The properties of the models are supported by numerical simulations and are consistent with the risk-based pricing scheme.     

Market discipline and deposit insurance reform in Japan

On April 1, 2002, the Japanese government lifted a blanket guarantee of all deposits and began limiting the coverage of time deposits. This paper uses this deposit insurance reform as a natural experiment to investigate the relationship between deposit insurance coverage and market discipline. I find that the reform raised the sensitivity of interest rates on deposits, and that of deposit quantity to default risk. In addition, the interest rate differentials between partially insured large time deposits and fully insured ordinary deposits increased for risky banks. These results suggest that the deposit insurance reform enhanced market discipline in Japan. I also find, however, that too-big-to-fail (TBTF) policy became a more important determinant of interest rates and deposit allocation after the reform, thereby partially offsetting the positive effects of the deposit insurance reform on overall market discipline.     

论汇率的决定机制、波动区间与政策搭配

本文论证了汇率的可行波动区间是由经济因素、国际政治经济博弈共同决定的；提出了大国之间在汇率问题上的博弈，只是大国经济关系再调整的一个反映，并据此得出了各方在人民币汇率问题上的博弈具有长期性的结论；本文指出，汇率的可行波动区间应选取在公共区间的右侧，以期实现国内经济、国际收支、国际政治经济博弈的三重均衡；在总结日本与德国经验教训的基础上，提出在货币升值的过程中，应采取适度从紧的财政政策与货币政策，避免短期内的大幅升值，维持较高的实际利率，防范不动产资产对于银行存款的过度替代，防止出现严重的不动产泡沫。     

房地产市场和消费市场对储蓄分流效应的实证研究

近年来储蓄存款一直快速增长,虽然最近证券市场的繁荣暂时对储蓄存款形成了较为显著的分流作用,但是,一旦证券市场趋势逆转,流向证券市场的储蓄资金很快就会回流.因此,研究储蓄存款在证券市场之外的分流具有重要意义.消费市场交易和房地产市场交易虽然没有很强的储蓄分流效应,但是具有长期影响.尤其是房地产市场的影响,更值得关注.     

市场约束、显性存款保险制度与银行风险承担——基于回归控制法的研究

基于我国利率市场化进程日趋完善和新推出显性存款保险制度的金融大背景,本文从市场约束与显性存款保险制度的视角,将显性存款保险制度政策视为一个“准自然实验”,采用2010~2016年的面板数据,研究了存款保险制度及其与市场约束的相互作用对银行风险承担的影响,并藉此评价了其政策效应。研究结果表明:(1)我国不同类别商业银行的两类市场约束效应存在较大差别。就价格约束效应而言,对地方银行显著有效,而对全国性银行和外资银行则不显著;就数量约束效应而言,三类银行均不显著。(2)基于回归控制法的估计结果表明,存款保险制度的实施对银行风险承担有显著的正向影响,且其对地方银行的冲击强于全国性银行。(3)进一步基于非线性双重差分的估计结果显示,存款保险制度显著弱化了市场约束对银行风险承担的负向影响,表明我国存款保险制度的政策影响逐渐开始发挥出来。     

Capital regulation,deposit insurance and bank risk: International evidence from normal and crisis periods

In this paper, we examine the impact of capital regulation on bank risk and the moderating role of deposit insurance on the relationship between capital regulation and bank risk during both normal and crisis periods. Using an international sample of banks from 111 countries, our results show that stringent capital regulation reduces bank default risk, in general, during normal growth period, and this effect is not conditioned by the existence of explicit deposit insurance. Further, stringent capital regulation in place during the pre-crisis period reduces bank default risk during the crisis period, and this effect is stronger for countries with explicit deposit insurance during the pre-crisis period. These results have important policy implications to design the optimal bank regulations.     

台湾存款保险费率制度与经验借鉴

存款保险制度是维护金融稳定的三大法宝之一。存款保险制度的核心问题是存款保险定价问题,存款保险费率分为单一费率和差别费率。台湾地区较早建立存款保险制度,存款保险费率制度从单一费率演变为差别费率,在存款保险费率定价上积累了较成熟的经验。我国亟待实现隐性存款保险向显性存款保险的转变,可以借鉴台湾地区的存款保险费率定价模式,在充分考虑实际情况的基础上,从实施风险差别费率、建立风险评级体系、完善风险费率配套措施等角度着手,设立合适的存款保险费率制度。