The rise of cooperation in correlated matching prisoners dilemma: An experiment

Recently, there has been a Renaissance for multi-level selection models to explain the persistence of unselfish behavior in social dilemmas, in which assortative/correlated matching plays an important role. In the current study of a multi-round prisoners’ dilemma experiment, we introduce two correlated matching procedures that match subjects with similar action histories together. We discover significant treatment effects, compared to the control procedure of random matching. Particularly with the weighted history matching procedure we find bifurcations regarding group outcomes. Some groups converge to the all-defection equilibrium even more pronouncedly than the control groups do, while other groups generate much higher rate of cooperation, which is also associated with higher relative reward for a typical cooperative action. All in all, the data show that cooperation does have a much better chance to persist in a correlated/assortative-matching environment, as predicted in the literature. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at . JEL Classification B52, C91, D74     

加强实验队伍建设 搞好实验教学改革

目前，一些高校不太重视实验队伍建设，因此，实验队伍建设面临一些问题，实验人员积极性调动不起来，不利于实验教学改革，为了适应新的人才需求的要求，加强实验队伍建设，开展实验教学改革是非常必要的。     

基于网络的先进制造技术实验(系统)平台

设计了基于网络化、数值化、虚拟化的先进制造技术实验（系统）平台，详细介绍了（系统）平台的功能、软件、硬件和网络拓扑结构。实验（系统）平台能够圆满完成CAD／CAM、虚拟加工、网络加工、数控加工等实验与实训任务，体现了（系统）平台共享资源、消耗少、可重复、费用低的优点。     

中国企业经理人是自利和理性的吗?——一个实验经济学研究

"经济人自利和理性"假设是经济学的最核心假设.西方实验经济学家通过一系列博弈试验,证实了人们完全"自利"、"理性"的假设并不成立.但实验参与人群及其文化历史背景的变化对实验结果的影响一直是人们关注的焦点.因此,本文利用精心设计的"信任博弈"实验,对中国的企业经理人的"自利"、"理性"假设进行了实验研究,并且将企业经理人的实验结果与学生身份的实验参与者的实验结果做了对比研究.实验结果证实了西方实验经济学家的结论,发现中国的企业经理人并不是完全"自利"、"理性"的机会主义者,同时,本实验还揭示了被标准的委托代理理论忽视了的激励手段所带来的隐含成本和隐含收益.在此基础上,本文提出了企业经理人激励约束的政策建议.     

“一带一路”倡议与公司债信用利差

本文以中国“一带一路”倡议的出台作为准自然实验,采用双重差分法考察国家倡议对微观企业债券信用利差的影响。研究发现:(1)相对于非支持企业,“一带一路”倡议实施能够显著降低支持企业的公司债二级市场信用利差,该结论在一系列稳健性检验之后仍然成立。(2)通过考察“一带一路”倡议的债券市场反应,我们发现相比于非支持企业,支持企业在倡议提出后有显著更高的债券累计超额回报率。(3)进一步检验后发现,“一带一路”倡议对公司债二级市场信用利差的降低作用主要通过资源效应和信息效应来实现。并且,政策影响范围主要集中在重点对接行业以及重点对接省份的企业。(4)“一带一路”倡议还对公司债一级市场的发行表现产生影响。具体表现为:在倡议实施之后,受倡议支持企业发行的公司债,其一级市场发行利差下降幅度更大,且包含的担保条款以及限制性契约条款显著更少。本研究探讨了“一带一路”倡议对公司债券市场的政策效应,对未来推进“一带一路”建设,提高资金融通效率具有参考意义。     

机电控制中霍尔传感器测量力的实现

为了克服传统应变片式力传感器结构复杂、应变片之间平衡困难等缺点,将霍尔元件与弹性元件组合使用。文章利用霍尔元件能进行微小位移测量的优点,用霍尔元件代替应变片测量力传感器弹性体的形变,从而测量出力的大小,这种霍尔力传感器具有结构简单、精度高、线性好的优点,可作为便携式测量仪器的传感器使用。     

Investor mood and the determinants of stock prices: an experimental analysis

We examine, in a controlled experimental setting, whether changes in investor mood cause changes in the determinants of stock prices. Our results show that a deterioration in mood, reflected in the negative dimensions of mood state, increases the level of risk aversion in male, but not female, investors. We find no evidence to suggest that a change in mood impacts on investors' forecasts of future earnings or future cash flows. By establishing the causal impact of a change in mood on risk aversion, our study provides support for archival research that relates various market anomalies to investor mood.     

Learning and transfer in signaling games

We explore how learning to play strategically in one signaling game promotes strategic play in a related signaling game. Following convergence to a pooling equilibrium, payoffs are changed to only support separating equilibria. More strategic play is observed following the change in payoffs than for inexperienced subjects in control sessions, contrary to the prediction of a fictitious play learning model. Introducing a growing proportion of sophisticated learners, subjects who anticipate responders’ behavior following the change in payoffs, enables the model to capture the positive cross-game learning observed in the data. Research support form the National Science Foundation grant number SBR9809538 is gratefully acknowledged. We have received research support from Jo Ducey, Guillaume Frechette, Steve Lehrer, and Carol Kraker Stockman. We have benefitted from comments of Eric Bettinger, John Ham, Jim Rebeitzer, Bob Slonim and seminar participants at Case Western Reserve University, Ohio State University, the University of Mississippi, the University of Illinois, and Purdue University. The usual caveat applies.     

增值税转型的制度变迁分析

本文讨论了增值税转型的制度变迁特点及变迁过程,讨论了转型对制度环境与制度安排的路径依赖。由于我国采用试点方式开始转型,文章对试点的影响也进行了分析,并结合税收中性理论,分析了其对转型路径的影响。     

领导、追随与人类合作秩序的维持

领导-追随模式可能是维持人类合作秩序的重要机制。基于历史和演化博弈的视角,本文对相关跨学科文献进行了系统的梳理,分析显示在人类社会的各个时期,领导力都在维持社会的合作秩序中承担了核心角色。结合合作演化的研究成果分析表明,领导通过惩罚机制和日益建构起来的等级制统治可以帮助群体克服搭便车难题;利他性惩罚本质上表现为领导惩罚,合作的组织更普遍地表现为领导下的合作;同时,来自实验经济学的大量公共物品实验证据,也支持领导-追随模式可以显著地提高社会困境问题中合作水平的观点。