二元组织模式形成的动因及特征分析

在动荡、复杂的环境下，如何有效地处理存在于组织中的各种悖论（如效率与创新、渐进与突变、新事业与老事业、开发与探索等），以更好地提升组织能力，成为当今组织面临的一个崭新的挑战。因此，作为将这种悖论进行融合的一种有效途径高提出的二元组织模式，开始引起学术界的关注。本文通过封国外相关研究文献的回顾与整理，分析了二元组织模式形成的动因及主要特征。     

Revisiting Leontief’s paradox

According to the popular Heckscher-Ohlin model of international trade, a country is expected to export (import) those products whose production requires the intensive use of the factor of production that is in relative abundance (scarcity). Leontief (1953), using input–output data of the US economy for the year 1947, found that the US, an overwhelmingly capital-abundant country, exported labour-intensive products and imported capital-intensive ones. Clearly, the results contradicted the predictions of the Heckscher-Ohlin model and they were characterised as ‘Leontief’s paradox’. A number of explanations for the so-called paradox were offered and this paper briefly, but critically, evaluates these explanations as it examines whether or not Leontief’s results persist in the case of the US economy during the period 1998–2012.     

Selling the invisible to create an authentic experience: imagination at work at Cézanne’s studio

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this exploratory research is to understand how visiting a particular heritage-based attraction, Cézanne’s studio in Aix-en-Provence – an almost empty place in which Cézanne painted his major works – becomes an authentic experience through consumer’s imaginative processes. Thirty-three semi-directive in-depth interviews were conducted at Cézanne’s studio at the end of attendees’ visits. Content analysis led to identifying key themes that describe how imagination at work during the visit creates an authentic experience. More specifically, results show that material dimensions (e.g. the studio setting, familiar objects, and guides) mixed with immaterial dimensions (e.g. Cézanne’s aura, stories, and atmosphere) facilitate consumers’ imagination through immersion, embodiment, and narrative transportation. The paradox of creating authenticity from nothing – the invisible – through imagination is then developed.     

A responsive voting system

To say that a democratic system of government ought to be responsive to the opinions of the citizens sounds like a truism which could hardly be expected to generate much controversy. Yet, the notion of responsiveness turns out to be open to several nonequivalent interpretations: Condorcet-consistency, monotonicity, invulnerability to the no-show paradox, to name the most important ones. Several results have been achieved to establish incompatibilities between these properties. We shall review some of these and discuss some similar notions and their relationships with those just mentioned.Received: 5 August 2003, Accepted: 19 March 2004, JEL Classification: D70This work has been supported by the Academy of Finland and the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation. The author is grateful to Donald G. Saari for perceptive comments on an earlier version. Also the comments of Elina Kestilä, Kai A. Konrad, Maria Suojanen, Matti Wiberg and an anonymous referee are gratefully acknowledged.     

国际资本流动与国际贸易关系:“Mundell模型悖论”

文章通过建立“Mundell模型悖论”模型,解释发展中国家对发达国家的投资对国际贸易的影响。分析得出的结论是:(1)发展中国家对发达国家的投资是贸易导向的;(2)应该以获取发达国家的先进生产技术为投资目的;(3)发达国家和发展中国家均能增加消费,增加各自的福利。文章最后给出了政策建议。     

浅析说谎者悖论

悖论的出现使得亚里士多德的形式逻辑的规则仿佛失去了往日神圣的光环,好像它否定了,形式逻辑的根本大法:同一律、矛盾率、和排中律,这便引起了人们的疑惑:既然在形式逻辑的方法面前悖论无解,那么我们还能不能解决悖论呢?本文正是从说谎者悖论这一经典悖论出发,来试图探析神秘的悖论。     

“以市场换技术”IJV的技术溢出预期及其悖论

“以市场换技术“战略下的IJV联盟生产被落后国家或地区企业经常采用,旨在获得IJV联盟生产中的技术溢出效应,以便在短期内低成本提升其竞争力。然而,由于技术保护或者只以非核心技术投入IJV,落后国家或地区企业不但不能实现预期目标,反而失去了对市场资源的控制能力,使其竞争力相对下降。     

The productivity paradox and the new economy: The Spanish case

This paper studies the impact of the information and communication technologies (ICT) on economic growth in Spain using a dynamic general equilibrium approach. Contrary to previous works, we use a production function with six different capital inputs, three of them corresponding to ICT assets. Calibration of the model suggests that the contribution of ICT to Spanish productivity growth is very relevant, whereas the contribution of non-ICT capital has been even negative. Additionally, over the sample period 1995–2002, we find a negative TFP growth and productivity growth. These results together aim at the hypothesis that the Spanish economy could be placed within the productivity paradox.     

Comment on "Ellsberg's two-color experiment, portfolio inertia and ambiguity"

In the setting of Ellsberg's two-color experiment, Mukerji and Tallon (2003) claim, without relying on particular representations, that ambiguity-averse behavior implies subjective portfolio inertia. In this note, we point out using a counterexample that their axioms are not enough to establish the result. We fill in the gap in their argument using additional axioms and argue that these axioms are of their own interest in that they behaviorally separate two prominent models of ambiguity: the maximin expected utility and smooth ambiguity models.