智力劳动的分配决定效应及模型

随着知识的积累与科技的进步 ,智力密集型劳动已经替代体力密集型劳动成为价值的最主要源泉。智力劳动的特征使得凝结在产品中的劳动含量与智力投资呈正相关 ,进而与其所形成的智力劳动力价值呈正向相关。因此 ,提高智力劳动力价值在分配决定机制中的权重 ,相对于现行以工龄为主体的工资决定体制而言 ,更能体现按“能”付酬原则 ,更能体现生产力的进步对分配的决定作用。以简单劳动力价值确定最低工资水平 ,然后依据每一阶次的智力劳动力价值差别确定工资水平差别 ,更能推动智力投资与劳动力资源的合理配置。以智力劳动力价值为基础的工资分配制度 ,可界定为一个基于贴现理论的微观静态分配模型。     

商业银行分支机构绩效评价系统的设计与实证分析

本文回顾了商业银行分支机构绩效评价理论的发展和实践现状,从追踪战略实施效果和评价流程角度建立了一套完善的绩效评价系统。具体包括按照商业银行经营的安全性、流动性、盈利性和发展性要求建立了基本指标及其修正体系,并引入评议指标完善评价体系;运用Delphi法和AHP相结合的方法设置权重;借鉴分段函数取代传统直线型处理“倒U型”指标的不利做法;基于相对绩效评价思想,建立了评价标准体系和功效系数法评价模型;并以某商业银行为例进行了实证分析。最后给出了本文研究的局限性和后续研究建议,并特别就引入效率评价维度来完善绩效评价系统设计进行了比较分析。     

基尼系数与企业内部薪酬分配合理性研究

本文试图把基尼系数从宏观引向微观，探讨用基尼系数来反映企业内部收入分配的合理性问题。论文先从理论上分析了企业内部影响基尼系数的因素，企业分配政策对基尼系数的影响：然后根据实际数据对三个组织的内部收入分配的基尼系数进行计算，证明了在企业应用基尼系数的可行性：最后得出结论：目前社会上存在的不公平，并不是工资差别引起的，而是由灰色收入、城乡差别、行业差别等其他因素引起的。     

乡镇财政自给能力分析

乡镇财政危机目前作为一个重要问题成为各界关注焦点,乡镇财政赤字和负债数额巨大,乡镇财政自给程度到底有多大,本文运用财政能力系数指标来定量探讨乡镇财政的危机程度,通过全国五级财政自给系数纵向对比、分省区四级财政自给能力纵向和横向对比以及两个乡镇个案的财政自给系数,来揭示乡镇财政危机的制度内涵.     

Information transmission between large shareholders and stock volatility

Does information transmission between large shareholders exacerbate stock volatility or reduce stock volatility? In this study, based on the common shareholding data in the Chinese stock market from 2007 to 2017, we establish the shareholder’s coshareholding network, and use the weighted network clustering coefficient to measure the information transmission speed. Moreover, we investigate the impact of information transmission speed on stock volatility. The empirical results show that a nonlinear U-shaped relationship exists between information transmission speed and stock volatility. The findings are robust to the inclusion of other determinants of stock volatility identified in the literature. Finally, we verify the existence of private information interaction in the coshareholding network.     

以政府职能转变推动收入分配改革

收入和财富分配的不平等一直是中国改革发展中的重要问题。针对中国经济的特点,可以从政府改革的角度来研究如何更好地进行收入分配改革。地方政府主导推动地方经济的做法对收入不平等的扩大起了重要作用,加快政府职能转换,是使收入分配改革真正落到实处的破局之处,也是实现收入分配合理化可行的第一步。要改变地方政府的经济职能,降低它直接参与基础设施的程度,改革地方土地财政,建立垂直管理机构,以分散它的一部分经济管理职能,为收入分配改革打开空间。     

Using Personal Car Register for Measuring Economic Inequality in Countries with a Large Share of Shadow Economy: Evidence for Latvia

We suggest using information from the state register of personal cars as an alternative indicator of economic inequality in countries with a large share of shadow economy. We illustrate our approach using the Latvian pool of personal cars. Our main finding is that the extent of household economic inequality in Latvia is much larger than officially assumed. According to Eurostat, the officially published estimate of the Gini coefficient for Latvia is 0.374 for 2009, which is much higher than the Gini coefficient value reported for all the 27 EU member countries (0.304), but significantly lower than 0.48 according to our results.     

A Different Perspective on the Evolution of UK Income Inequality

This paper scrutinizes the conventional wisdom about trends in UK income inequality and also places contemporary inequality in a much longer historical perspective. We combine household survey and income tax data to provide better coverage of all income ranges from the bottom to the very top (and make our estimates available to other researchers). We make a case for studying distributions of income between tax units (i.e. not assuming the full income sharing that goes with the use of the household as the unit of analysis) for reasons of principle as well as data harmonization. We present evidence that income inequality in the UK is as least as high today as it was just before the start of World War 2.     

Assessing Variability of Complex Descriptive Statistics in Monte Carlo Studies Using Resampling Methods

Good statistical practice dictates that summaries in Monte Carlo studies should always be accompanied by standard errors. Those standard errors are easy to provide for summaries that are sample means over the replications of the Monte Carlo output: for example, bias estimates, power estimates for tests and mean squared error estimates. But often more complex summaries are of interest: medians (often displayed in boxplots), sample variances, ratios of sample variances and non‐normality measures such as skewness and kurtosis. In principle, standard errors for most of these latter summaries may be derived from the Delta Method, but that extra step is often a barrier for standard errors to be provided. Here, we highlight the simplicity of using the jackknife and bootstrap to compute these standard errors, even when the summaries are somewhat complicated. © 2014 The Authors. International Statistical Review © 2014 International Statistical Institute