公司法如何面对家庭秩序———以一个家族公司的裁判为例

主流公司法理论强调公司的经济属性,突出章程、正式治理以及程序规则在公司治理中的 作用。但是,具有亲属关系的股东控制的家族公司具有明显的关系与伦理维度,存在不同于普通公司 的治理机制与目标。家族公司的本质属性是关系嵌入性,亲属关系在家族公司中具有工具与目的双 重价值。家族公司的关系治理延续了家庭成员间的互动模式,受到家庭成员间社会规范的约束。在 典型的家族公司中,家族股东之间在权力与利益的分配上遵循利他主义、信任与互惠规范,这些规范 抑制了契约式谈判,维系了家族股东的强人合性,降低了交易成本,但会产生事后背信的风险。在解 释家族公司个案的事实与行为时,法官面临家族逻辑与公司逻辑之间的紧张对立,需特别分析案件发 生的背景与当事人的身份关系。在处理家族股东之间的内部利益纠纷时,应该充分考量信任与互惠 规范的法律价值,保护当事人的合理期待,以抑制事后的机会主义。基于索源公司案中家庭成员间的 特殊期待与信任,直接适用公司法上的默认规则会破坏家庭成员的共识,应该适用诚实信用原则填补 漏洞,以实现家族公司个案的正义,也体现公司法对信任等社会规范的尊重。     

基于GARCH模型的认购权证与认沽权证波动率比较研究

波动性是经济和金融研究的热点问题。本文分别采用无条件波动度量方法和条件波动模型对我国权证市场上具有代表性的六支权证的波动性进行估计,得出以下几个结果:1、六支权证基本上都存在不同程度的波动聚类现象。2、认沽权证的市场有效性弱于认购权证。3、认购权证的波动持续性大于认沽权证,说明认沽权证投机性更强,风险更大。4、认购权证的风险收益补偿大概是认沽权证的6倍。最后,结合本文研究,将给广大投资者一些投资建议。     

I Want to eat out,but something holding me back: Mom’s cooking stress and family dining out constraints

Restaurant visits have been declined in the past decades while preparing the meals at home has been increased. This study focuses on mother customers who are known as the leading providers of homemade meals and primary decision-makers in family dining out in the context of family dining. The purpose of the study is to examine (1) what issue related to home cooking causes mothers to dine out with family, (2) what keeps them from dining out, and (3) the relationship of their psychological influences (i.e., cooking stress, need for reward, desire to dine out, and dining out constraints) that occur within the family dining decision-making process. With a total of 644 mothers in the U.S, the findings reveal that the mother participants who are stressed out from cooking for their family seek a self-gifted reward for their daily effort and desire to dine out to escape from the burden of cooking duty, which leads them to participate in family dining. However, despite the dining desire, mothers also face the reasons to constrain dining out (i.e., interpersonal and intrapersonal constraints), and both constraints keep them from family dining out. The results of this study are expected to help family restaurants develop a healthful family dining environment and new strategies to entice mothers and family customers to visit family dining restaurants.     

The impact of family-CEOs and their demographic characteristics on dividend payouts: Evidence from Latin America

We investigate the effect of family-CEOs and CEO demographic characteristics on firms’ dividend policy in Latin America. We show that family-CEO firms pay less amount of dividends and invest more in capital expenditures than nonfamily-CEO firms do. Direct family ownership (ownership concentration) negatively (positively) affects dividend payouts. Among the CEO demographic characteristics, CEO tenure has a consistent and significant negative effect on the dividend payout. Firms in a strong corporate governance environment pay more dividends and are less likely to appoint family members as CEOs, suggesting that strong corporate governance forces firms to pay more dividends and restrains firms from appointing CEOs based on family ties.     

家族管理涉入如何影响并购战略行为——基于中国上市家族企业的实证研究

相比所有权涉入,家族成员参与企业经营管理将对战略行为产生更直接的影响。基于委托代理理论,文章对2010年-2018年中国上市家族企业的实证研究发现,家族高管参与对企业的并购倾向及横向并购行为具有促进作用,与纵向并购则表现为不显著的负向关系。组织冗余使家族高管参与与并购行为间的正向关系得到增强,而家族二代的进入则削弱了家族高管对企业并购的积极作用。进一步讨论家族权威在企业权力体系高度集中的情境,发现家族成员担任企业董事长及总经理与并购倾向的正向关系变得不显著,冗余资源的正向调节机制亦被抑制,但此时家族二代参与反而表现出正向的调节效应。结果表明跨代情境下家族管理涉入层面的多元化而衍生的不同委托代理问题将约束企业并购行为发生的边界,深化了家族企业谋求家业长青与顺应制度经济转型的讨论,为中国家族企业治理提供实践建议。