地方保护主义对地区产业结构的影响——理论与实证分析

本文旨在考察地区政府保护对地方产业结构的作用,对地区间产业结构趋同问题进行了研究。本文首先提出理论模型,在一个厂商投资行为模型中,从改变地区间贸易成本和政府直接投资两个方面引入地方政府行为变量,讨论政府行为对地区产业结构的影响。模型分析发现贸易成本的增加会促使地区间产业结构趋同,而政府直接投资对产业结构的影响并不确定,在一定情况下会促进地区间产业结构差异化。这些结论在随后进行的对中国近年地区和产业数据的实证研究中得到了验证。趋势分析发现样本年间我国地区产业结构差异的全国平均水平在逐年增大。而以地区为着眼点的计量回归分析则发现,在控制了运输条件、地区资源差异和产业结构等历史因素之后,政府变量对地区间产业结构差异变化有显著影响。政府设置贸易壁垒增加地区间贸易成本,会促进地区间产业结构趋同。政府的投资行为则在整体上促进了地区间产业结构的差异化。     

基于区域集聚的集群供应链系统形成机理及其竞争优势研究

首先分析了集群供应链系统形成的机理及其特点,然后从结构、行为、绩效等方面对集群供应链系统竞争优势进行了分析,并从区位选择、产业定位、文化培育、网络构建和政府功能等方面提出了发展集群供应链系统的相应对策。     

泡桐甘蔗间作的效应研究

在沙质土里用泡桐与甘蔗间作，使甘蔗增产１４．８％，两年生泡桐蓄积达４．８４２ｍ／ｈａ，获得蔗桐双丰收。     

A Litterman BVAR approach for production forecasting of technology industries

Forecasting the production of technology industries is important to entrepreneurs and governments, but usually suffers from market fluctuation and explosion. This paper aims to propose a Litterman Bayesian vector autoregression (LBVAR) model for production prediction based on the interaction of industrial clusters. Related industries within industrial clusters are included into the LBVAR model to provide more accurate predictions. The LBVAR model possesses the superiority of Bayesian statistics in small sample forecasting and holds the dynamic property of the vector autoregression (VAR) model. Two technology industries in Taiwan, the photonics industry and semiconductor industry are used to examine the LBVAR model using a rolling forecasting procedure. As a result, the LBVAR model was found to be capable of providing outstanding predictions for these two technology industries in comparison to the autoregression (AR) model and VAR model.     

桂东北丘陵山区自然资源开发产业机制与农业持续发展对策

本文在评价桂东北丘陵山区农业资源、环境、社会经济条件与农业发展潜力的基础上，分析了市场经济形势下影响农业持续发展的主要滞碍因素。提出了依靠科技进步与提高农民素质相结合，由“资源导向”向“市场导向”转变，立体开发，综合发展，通过择优投入培植拳头产品和支柱产业，延伸与完善产业链，强化综合投入等农业持续发展对策。     

我国工业集聚与非农产业就业关系的实证研究

运用协整检验、格兰杰因果分析等经济计量方法，对我国1978～2003年工业集聚与非农产业就业之间的关系进行了实证分析，结果表明：（1）二者之间存在着长期均衡的协同互动关系；（2）非农产业就业是影响我国工业集聚的重要原因。而工业集聚没有带动就业非农化；（3）我国地区政府的就业政策加快了非农化进程，引起了非农化过程中的工业集聚效应；（4）我国城市对工业的承受能力较弱；（5）我国的工业集聚只引起了产业产值变化，并没有过多地改变产业就业结构。对劳动力的吸收能力差，没有很好地解决就业问题，今后的工业化战略应当更加重视就业问题的解决。     

论物流产业的聚集和繁荣

物流产业的聚集和繁荣有三个要点：第一，延伸物流产业的价值链，即将物流产业的链条从为运输服务为主，扩展到为生产服务，再拓展到为销售服务；第二，打破物流产业链中上游企业的垄断，否则下游的中小企业将会因生存危机而退出产业聚集区，最终导致产业聚集的消失；第三，只有政府才是物流产业长远发展的设计师，政府管理的快捷还是降低物流成本的源泉之一。     

How clusters can encourage entrepreneurship and venture creation. Reasons and advantages

The aim of this article is to define what is meant by clusters, their characteristics or determinants and the advantages they generate, focusing on the role they play in boosting entrepreneurship and new venture creation. In clusters, a balance is reached between cooperation and competition which becomes evident in the higher productivity of the companies because of their increased access to inputs, information, technology and institutions; or in greater innovation and venture creation. The cluster incentivizes the entry of new companies or start-ups. The hope is, then, that the new companies will revitalize specific regions where competitiveness has fallen and that entrepreneurship will contribute to economic development and improved country-wide competitiveness.

浅析日本旅游经济

旅游业是一个高增值、高就业、高创汇和高效益的新兴产业,旅游经济在各国国民经济中占有越来越重要的地位。许多国家不仅积极推进旅游经济的产业化进程,而且把旅游业作为拉动经济发展的重点产业来积极扶持。日本的现代旅游业起步较早,处于世界前列。研究日本现代旅游业的发展,总结其中的经验与教训,这对我国起步不久的现代旅游业发展具有非常重要的借鉴意义。     

Industrial leadership in science-based industries: A co-evolution model

In this paper, we seek to analyse the role of national university systems in combination with technological and market factors as sources of industrial leadership and industry growth in science-based industries. We propose a model in which national university systems and their respective national firms and industries are considered as co-evolving. National firms compete on a worldwide level and they rely on the progress of science and the availability of scientists to innovate. As the global industry develops, firms try to mold their national university systems, but they achieve different degrees of success. Apart from highlighting the role of institutional responsiveness as a source of competitive advantage, our model points to the access to essential inputs for production, the technological and strategic characteristics of firms, the international diffusion of knowledge, and the initial distribution of market demand as key sources of leadership and industry growth. The international mobility of scientists seems to foster the emergence of industrial leadership shifts.