Managing privacy paradox through national culture: Reshaping online retailing strategy

Data privacy is a threat to the future of e-commerce. Consumers face a dilemma in balancing the risks and benefits associated with online privacy, leading to a phenomenon termed the privacy paradox. The study interviewed 30 Millennials representing 13 countries using a grounded theory approach to explore the influence of national culture on the information disclosure attitude in the context of online retailing. The study presents a novel framework, Privacy Paradox Pyramid, to manage the privacy paradox through the lens of national culture, enabling retailers to segment the customers and design a tailored approach to create a competitive advantage.     

The growth paradox,sustainable development,and business strategy

Economic growth is a two-edged sword. Expanding economies and industries create wealth and employment, but global economic expansion is having unprecedented deleterious impacts on vital planetary systems. Despite this, the core strategic goal of all economies and many businesses continues to be the pursuit of ongoing economic growth. To resolve this paradox, a reconceptualization of firm-level growth is presented. I describe and discuss the organizational characteristics of the growth paradox and follow this with a metatheoretical review of economic, organizational, and ecological perspectives on growth. From this review, a typology of firm-level strategy is developed that radically reconceptualizes business growth as developmental activity primarily concerned with social–ecological flourishing. The features of this typology and its implications for business strategy are discussed according to three principles that emerged from the analysis: multidexterity, resilience thinking for design, and inclusive balance (embeddedness). Together, these strategy principles form the prerequisite management competencies needed for the development, implementation, and evaluation of sustainable business strategies. Transformative firm-level responses to the growth paradox are needed if sustaining forms of organizational growth are to be achieved and this paper presents a novel integrative framework for informing those strategies.     

Estimating risk-return relationships: An analysis of measures

We show that the risk-return paradox can be partly explained by the choice of accounting risk and return measures. Returns computed with equity or assets from End-of-Period (EOP) annual reports produce negative risk-return associations, while measures calculated using Beginning-of-Period (BOP) equity or assets yield more positive relationships. The likelihood of reporting negative relationships using EOP methods is accentuated by dividing samples at median returns. Below-median firms suffer losses and may appear to have lower and more variable returns than above-median firms, simply because of EOP methods. Our results show that mean and variance measures are unstable and risk-return relationships vary inversely the number of firms reporting mean losses.     

阿马蒂亚·森的价值限制定理研究

在简单介绍投票悖论的基础上 ,较系统地阐述了阿马蒂亚·森解决投票悖论问题的对策———价值限制定理 ,并对其进行了较为客观的评价。     

A two-sector model with target-return pricing in a stock-flow consistent framework

In this paper, we build a generalized two-sector Kaleckian growth model and explore the dynamics towards long-run positions. The model incorporates conflicting claims of labour and firms over income distribution and endogenous labour-saving technical progress. Adopting a stock-flow consistent framework, our simulation experiments yield the following results. First, the ‘paradox of thrift’ and the ‘paradox of costs’ hold, meaning that lower saving rates generate higher growth rates while higher real wages generate higher profit rates, but the magnitude of the impact depends on the initial status of income distribution and monetary policy. Second, changes in autonomous labour-saving innovations might explain the phenomenon of the ‘New Economy’ of the second half of the 1990s within an alternative framework. Our simulations with a two-sector model retrieve the analytical results achieved with a one-sector Kaleckian model, with the addition of path dependence.     

基于管理者与股东冲突行为的并购价值悖论分析

2002年Cording提出并购价值悖论,引起了学界对此命题的关注与研究热潮。本文借鉴社会冲突理论,对并购交易过程中管理者与股东之间冲突行为进行理论建模,通过模型分析得出冲突行为如何影响并购价值创造的作用机制。结论如下：在公司并购过程中,管理者可能会选择冲突,也可能选择合作。这主要由并购规模、激励水平、社会保护力量和冲突技术水平等因素决定。一般地,并购规模越大,管理者更倾向选择冲突。此外,激励水平越高、社会保护力量越强和股东的冲突技术水平越高,管理者越倾向选择合作。并购交易中管理者与股东的冲突模型较好地解释了现实中为什么有些并购交易能够创造价值而有些并购交易却损毁公司价值,为解释并购价值悖论现象提供了一个新的视角。     

The Innovation Potential and Thematic Leadership of Austrian Industries: An Interpretation of the Technology Delphi with Regard to the Old Structures/High-performance Paradox

The Austrian Technology Delphi searched for problem-oriented fieldsof potential leadership of Austrian scientists and firms. This study classifies the Delphi results according to standard industry classifications in order to facilitate their use by industrial economists and to propose an explanation of the old structures/high performance paradox. It reveals that expertsawarded the top marks for innovativeness to low- and high-qualification as well as to mainstream and research intensive industries, not to medium qualification and to marketing and labour-intensive ones. This implies that innovation is by no means restricted to high-tech industries and that the standard industry classifications are not well suited to deal with aspects of technology policy. Old structures need not hinder high performance.     

Rebates in a Bertrand game

We study a price competition game in which customers are heterogeneous in the rebates they get from either of two firms. We characterize the transition between competitive pricing (without rebates), mixed strategy equilibrium (for intermediate rebates), and monopoly pricing (for larger rebates).     

Performance impact of middle managers' adaptive strategy implementation: The role of social capital

This article reconciles mixed findings about the performance impact of middle managers' strategy involvement. We propose that the relationship between middle managers' adaptive strategy implementation—through upward and downward influence—and objective business performance can be curvilinear and contingent on formal and informal structures. Applying a multilevel perspective to social networks, we empirically show that reputational social capital enhances the performance impact of middle managers' upward influence while informational social capital elevates the performance impact of their downward influence. The size of a business unit or region has differential moderating effects. The curvilinear effects of middle managers' upward influence and reputational and informational social capital on business unit performance reflect paradoxes. We discuss the implications of these findings for strategy implementation research and practice. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

TACKLING FALSE POSITIVES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH: A STATISTICAL TOOLBOX WITH APPLICATIONS

Serious concerns have been raised that false positive findings are widespread in empirical research in business disciplines. This is largely because researchers almost exclusively adopt the ‘p‐value less than 0.05’ criterion for statistical significance; and they are often not fully aware of large‐sample biases which can potentially mislead their research outcomes. This paper proposes that a statistical toolbox (rather than a single hammer) be used in empirical research, which offers researchers a range of statistical instruments, including a range of alternatives to the p‐value criterion such as the Bayesian methods, optimal significance level, sample size selection, equivalence testing and exploratory data analyses. It is found that the positive results obtained under the p‐value criterion cannot stand, when the toolbox is applied to three notable studies in finance.