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21.
22.
International mutual funds allow individual investors to diversify abroad at a reasonable cost. This paper tests whether international funds that actively engage in country and security selection outperform passive global benchmarks. We apply a mean-variance efficiency test that incorporates the practical prohibition against short sales of open-end mutual funds. Our tests reject the efficiency of the world equity market portfolio over the sample period, and our funds as a group outperform the inefficient world index. However, we find no evidence of security selectivity ability using a 12-country benchmark. We do find that active international funds provide global diversification benefits. Tests using the Positive Period Weight (PPW) measure of Grinblatt and Titman (1989), which is robust to nonlinearity in fund and benchmark returns, yield similar results. 相似文献
23.
Gavin Brown Paul Draper & Eddie McKenzie 《Journal of Business Finance & Accounting》1997,24(2):155-178
Transition matrix techniques are used to relate the past and present performance of pension fund portfolios. In particular, funds are ranked to study the tendency of portfolios to remain in the same quartile of the ranking as they were in the previous period. For raw returns, funds in both of the top quartiles are found to be more likely to remain in the same quartile than would be expected by chance. This result can be taken as limited evidence for the consistency of performance. Similar systemic effects are observed on a risk-adjusted basis. There appears to be clear evidence that some fund managers can offer a degree of consistent good performance. 相似文献
24.
Probability theory in fuzzy sample spaces 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper tries to develop a neat and comprehensive probability theory for sample spaces where the events are fuzzy subsets of The investigations are focussed on the discussion how to equip those sample spaces with suitable -algebras and metrics. In the end we can point out a unified concept of random elements in the sample spaces under consideration which is linked with compatible metrics to express random errors. The result is supported by presenting a strong law of large numbers, a central limit theorem and a Glivenko-Cantelli theorem for these kinds of random elements, formulated simultaneously w.r.t. the selected metrics. As a by-product the line of reasoning, which is followed within the paper, enables us to generalize as well as to bring together already known results and concepts from literature.Acknowledgement. The author would like to thank the participants of the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory for the intensive discussion of the paper. Especially he is indebted to Professors Diamond and Höhle whose remarks have helped to get deeper insights into the subject. Additionally, the author is grateful to one anonymous referee for careful reading and valuable proposals which have led to an improvement of the first draft.This paper was presented at the 23rd Linz Seminar on Fuzzy Set Theory, Linz, Austria, February 5–9, 2002. 相似文献
25.
Bilodeau Daniel Crémieux Pierre-Yves Jaumard Brigitte Ouellette Pierre Vovor Tsévi 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2004,21(2):183-199
This research proposes an approach to measure hospital performance based on a generalization of Banker and Morey (1986) and Førsund (1996). This approach considers quasi-fixed inputs explicitly, calculates their implicit cost, and quantifies returns to scale. The performance measure is decomposed into allocative and technical inefficiencies. Based on a very complete data set of Québec hospitals, we find that significant inefficiencies of up to 17% ($700 CAN million) could have been saved through improved performance. Postestimation analyses that include qualitative measures of care suggest that differences in performance are attributable to differences in management or unobservable quality of care rather than patient case mix. 相似文献
26.
This paper utilizes the average derivative estimation of Stoker (1986) and the pesudo-likelihood estimation of Fan, Li, and Weersink (1996) to estimate a semiparametric stochastic frontier regression, y = g(x) + , where the function g(.)is unknown and is a composite error in a standard setting. The proposed semiparametric method of estimation is applied to data on farmers' credit unions in Taiwan. Empirical results show that the banking services of the farmers' credit unions is subject to economies of scale, but high degree of cost inefficiency in operation. 相似文献
27.
The literature on US state government fiscal performance has examined the role of institutional factors such as budget rules
and divided government, but has largely ignored the impact of party alternation. This paper primarily focuses on whether party
alternation in the governor’s office affects fiscal performance. Our hypothesis is that frequent party changes create a political
environment that impacts fiscal performance. To further assess the impact of party alternation on fiscal performance, we consider
our primary hypothesis in conjunction with the degree of division that exists between the governor’s office and the legislature.
Using panel data from 37 states between 1971 and 2000 we test the hypothesis that frequent party alternation can be expected
to affect fiscal performance and find strong support for the hypothesis.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2005 Public Choice Society Meetings. The authors would like to thank
the conference participants, William Shughart, Charles Register, Jocelyn Evans, John D. Jackson, Amihai Glazer, and two anonymous
referees for their comments. We would also like to thank Craig R. Stiller for his help in the collection of data. Any remaining
errors remain the responsibility of the authors. 相似文献
28.
企业评价创新——从绩效评估到基于战略聚焦的价值管理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
新经济时代的企业环境促使企业管理战略发生了巨大变化,同时又为企业组织与运营模式的创新提供了先进手段。在这种环境下,传统绩效评价模式呈现出诸多方面的缺陷和不适,因此必然要求相应的改变。本文分析了企业绩效评价的研究现状,探讨绩效管理的发展趋势,最后就两种面向战略聚焦的价值管理模式进行评述。 相似文献
29.
30.
Xinsheng Cheng Yi Zhang 《现代会计与审计》2005,1(2):59-68
This paper is based on the samples of listed manufacturing companies of China, taking the financial performance as criterion, and then does research on the firm performance with different internal auditing modes, using Cross-sectional data to analyze the distribution of internal auditing modes and the characteristics of the firm performance. The conclusion is that setting up internal auditing is good for the development of companies, but the function of internal auditing has not been widelv fulfilled. 相似文献