信息性交易概率分解与买卖价差研究

本文首先将信息性交易概率（PIN）分解为个股信息性交易概率（PINID）和市场信息性交易概率（PINM）：利用2003年7月至2004年6月高频分笔数据，计算出上证50样本股的周PINID．发现PINID在PIN中占有大部分的比重，得到样本股的平均PINID为0．1052。其次，本文运用非参数检验验证了随着成交量增加，PINID显著减小。最后，在考虑PIN和PINID下，对买卖价差的影响因素进行研究。研究表明，虽然PIN对买卖价差有着显著的正向影响，但仅其中的PINID部分才是决定因素。这也验证了PIN分解的意义。此外，波动率和流通股比例均对买卖价差有着显著的正向影响，而股票价格、成交量和换手率的影响则不显著。     

Price and tick size preferences in trading activity changes around stock split executions

We investigate the low prices preferences and the optimal relative tick size hypotheses, as possible explanations of the stock split execution effects in a pure order-driven and multi-tick market. Using intraday data for the Spanish Stock Exchange during 1997-2001, we find that stock splits do not improve liquidity but do change trading composition. Following splits, small trades from retail investors increase significantly, especially in the larger stock splits. However, we find that this effect seems to disappear with the new tick-size rules adopted by Spanish market in 1999. We extend the optimal relative tick size hypothesis for a multi-tick market by considering the effects of stock splits on the absolute tick size. We observe that the increase in small trades occurs only in those splits that increase the relative tick and decrease the tick-size simultaneously. Our findings suggest that small investors are attracted by stock splits that cause an absolute tick-size reduction, which are those with relatively lower transaction costs.JEL Classification: G19, G32, G35We thank two anonymous referees and the editor, J.M. Campa, for their comments and for providing us very helpful guidance on how to improve the paper. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Dirección General de Investigación del Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, grant BEC2002-03797. A first version of this study has been published in the working paper series of the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, IVIE. Any remaining errors are the authors responsibility.     

中国股票市场微观结构的特征分析——买卖报价价差模式及影响因素的实证研究

本文根据股票市场微观结构理论 ,运用高频数据对我国深圳股票市场的买卖报价价差的变动模式进行实证分析 ,同时研究股票买卖报价价差的影响因素和成因 ,并建立和检验相应的模型 ,从而揭示我国股票市场的微观结构特征。     

股指期货异地市场与本土市场之争——来自新加坡与中国台湾市场的启示

在沪深300指数期货上市之前．新加坡交易所已抢占内地市场指数资源,推出新华富时A50指数期贵合约。在此背景下．以台湾期货交易所（本土）台股期货与新加坡交易所（异地）摩根台指期货为案例,通过回顾海外异地上市合约与本土合约之间的竞争关系,探索异地市场与本土市场竞争性共存的格局演变,及市场定价权争夺中的微观结构因素,以期为沪深300指数期货提供借鉴。     

The information content of trading halts

We investigate the impact of trading halts of NYSE-listed stocks on informationally related securities that continue to trade during the period of the halt. Informational relationships are established for companies in the same four-digit SIC industry based on the correlation of returns, volume, volatility, and the adverse selection components of spreads. We find a significant liquidity impact on informationally related securities with spreads and price impact of trades having substantial increases. However, we also find that quoted depths, the number of trades, and trade volume significantly increase. Our results are consistent with the trading halt model of Spiegel and Subrahmanyam [2000. Asymmetric information and news disclosure rules. Journal of Financial Intermediation 9, 363–403] and with the informed trading model of Tookes [2008. Information, trading, and product market interactions: cross-sectional implications of informed trading. Journal of Finance 63, 379–413]. In addition, our results indicate that there is a common liquidity response of informationally related securities to firm-specific trading halts.     

The distribution of index futures realised volatility under seasonality and microstructure noise

Previous research documents that the distribution of realised volatility appears approximately log-normal. However, formal tests reject normality fairly convincingly, which may indicate intrinsic features in the intraday data series, namely, the presence of seasonal intraday patterns and microstructure noise. Because many models are based on a normality assumption, this must be verified in order to validate the results. We find departures from normality due to the seasonal and noise components of intraday data, such that, after controlling for both features, the volatility estimates follow a log-normal distribution. Our results reveal that failing to account for these market imperfections can have important implications for analyses of volatility transmission and for investment and hedging decisions.     

Endogenous market statistics and security pricing:: An empirical investigation

This study examines empirically the degree to which the history of daytime and overnight price changes and order flow affects estimates of traders' beliefs about future security price changes. Estimates indicate that forecasts of the permanent component of price changes occurring after the open of trading are significantly related to past price changes and order flow; but the same is not generally true for price changes occurring after the close. These results are consistent with models of technical analysis, and models in which the process of trading facilitates price discovery. The evidence also suggests that private information is an important determinant of price movements.     

全流通影响了市场波动性吗-基于沪深股市的实证研究

股权分置已成为影响我国资本市场持续发展的一个重要因素。目前,我国的股权分置改革正全面铺开,以期实现资本市场的全流通。本文首先建立了考虑全流通预期的我国证券市场交易者策略模型,通过对波动性因素的分析得出了若干假设,从理论上推导出全流通对市场质量所可能产生的影响。然后以目前股权分置改革期中已完成股权分置改革的435家公司为样本对理论假设进行实证分析,发现全流通对市场波动性产生了一些影响。     

信息不对称、融资约束与投资—现金流敏感性——基于市场微观结构理论的实证研究

投资—现金流敏感性研究是当前投资理论研究的主流方向之一。当前针对这一问题的研究还存在着诸多争议,其中公司融资约束程度的度量问题是争论的焦点。本文借鉴市场微观结构理论中的信息不对称指标PIN值作为融资约束的代理指标,研究发现:信息不对称水平越高,则公司的投资支出越低。进一步的检验发现,信息不对称水平较高的公司,其投资—现金流敏感性也较高,并且信息不对称导致的融资约束与投资—现金流敏感性的关系并不是线性的。本文的研究不仅体现了新的研究视角、方法和思路,丰富了投资—现金流敏感性领域的相关文献,而且可以为我国资本市场的完善和企业的投融资决策提供参考。     

Is it Efficient to Impose Costs on Small-Volume Equity Traders?

A securities market that imposes higher trading costs on small-volume traders may reduce free-riding on information generated by large-volume traders. The reduction in free-riding increases the probability that large-volume traders will invest in socially beneficial information and engage in costly monitoring of managers of firms in their portfolio.V arious mechanisms can be used to impose costs on small-volume traders.We argue that Nasdaq's former treatment of limit orders was one such mechanism. Depending on the market's structure and the nature of the securities traded in the market, a reduction in freeriding activity may improve overall market efficiency despite a potentially negative impact on information dissemination.