嵌入性视角下军民融合技术创新网络负效应研究

基于嵌入性理论，运用因子分析与统计回归法，提炼出军民融合技术创新网络负效应表现形式，检验了网络整体嵌入性、关系性嵌入和结构性嵌入对负效应的影响。结果表明：军民融合技术创新网络负效应的外在表现主要有信息锁定效应、路径依赖效应和认知趋同效应；军民融合技术创新网络嵌入性和负效应之间呈U型关系，并据此识别出军民融合技术创新网络中关系性嵌入和结构性嵌入的适度嵌入点。     

A GRAS VARIANT SOLVING FOR MINIMUM INFORMATION LOSS

The fundamental idea in Junius and Oosterhaven (2003) Junius, T. and Oosterhaven, J. 2003. The Solution of Updating or Regionalizing a Matrix with both Positive and Negative Entries. Economic Systems Research, 15: 87–96. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar] is to break down the information contained in the a priori data into two parts: algebraic signs, and absolute values. This approach is well grounded in information theory, and provides a basis on which to solve the problem of adjusting matrices with negative entries. However, Junius and Oosterhaven (2003) Junius, T. and Oosterhaven, J. 2003. The Solution of Updating or Regionalizing a Matrix with both Positive and Negative Entries. Economic Systems Research, 15: 87–96. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar] have formulated a target function that is not equivalent to the Kullback and Leibler (1951) Kullback, S. and Leibler, R. A. 1951. On Information and Sufficiency. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 4: 99–111.  [Google Scholar] cross-entropy measure, and so is not a representation of the minimum information loss principle. Neither is the alternative target function proposed by Lenzen et al. (2007) Lenzen, M., Wood, R. and Gallego, B. 2007. Some Comments on the GRAS Method. Economic Systems Research, 19: 461–465. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar]. This paper develops the exact Kullback and Leibler cross-entropy measure. In addition, following the constrained optimization approach, this paper applies the same principle to solve adjustment problems where row-sums, column-sums or both are constrained to zero.     

绩效反馈对新创企业动态能力的作用机制研究

基于组织行为理论与双元学习视角,挖掘动态能力的前因变量,探究探索式学习、利用式学习在负绩效反馈与新创企业动态能力关系间的中介效应,并利用429份新创企业数据验证假设。基于多水平结构方程模型和Bootstrap方法的研究结果表明,负绩效反馈能够积极推动新创企业动态能力建构与提升,负绩效反馈正向影响新创企业探索式学习和利用式学习,探索式学习、利用式学习分别在负绩效反馈与新创企业动态能力之间发挥部分中介作用。     

Computation of Greeks using binomial trees in a jump-diffusion model

We propose a new algorithm for computing the Greeks in jump-diffusion settings using binomial trees. We further demonstrate that the Greeks for European options converge to the Malliavin Greeks in the continuous time model. Our proposed algorithm is efficient, because the price and the Greeks (Delta, Gamma, Vega, and Rho) can be computed simultaneously. Computation of the Greeks for American options is also discussed.     

Understanding and projecting the restaurantscape: The influence of neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics on restaurant location

To better understand the location patterns of different types of restaurants across the United States, we investigate the relationship between neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics and restaurant location using a unique data set from 2013 covering 30,772 U.S. zip codes. The estimation results from negative binomial regression models confirm the significant impacts of various sociodemographic factors (e.g., population density, median age, median household income, average household size, educational attainment, gender distribution, housing tenure, neighborhood urbanization) on restaurant location. We also project future restaurant growth potential based on model estimates and projected changes in sociodemographic characteristics by 2020. The results are analyzed, and several metropolitan areas in Texas and Florida are identified as having high potential for growth. Lastly, implications are provided for restaurant real estate practitioners.     

Calorie information effects on consumers' food choices: Sources of observed gender heterogeneity

A larger portion of males is overweight than is females. Females' food choices in comparison to those of males reflect the greater importance that females attribute to health and physical appearance; their more complex attitude toward risk; the greater esteem in which they hold home-cooked food; and sociological factors. This paper explores the variables that affect consumers' food choices, shedding light specifically on the choice process and analyzing whether gender affects predispositions toward foods, perceptions, choice processes, or all three. Perceptions and choice processes based on memory judgments serve only as a benchmark used to compare choices consumers make under calorie information. The results of two experiments wherein the researchers exposed subjects to two forms of calorie information on three fast food items suggest that differences in perceptions of foods' healthfulness and taste aspects account for gender differences in memory-based choices. In addition to this baseline difference in perceptions, a gender difference in reaction to calorie information in terms of consumers' behavior exists. While calorie information affected both perceptions and choice processes for females, information changed the perceptions of food only for males.     

定向增发能够提高研发支出水平吗

选择2006-2016年我国上市公司定向增发样本数据，采用系统GMM和OLS回归方法，实证检验定向增发募集资金对研发支出的影响。结果表明：定向增发不仅降低当期研发支出水平，而且降低累计研发支出水平；不同频次的定向增发均会降低研发支出水平。最后，以大股东及其关联方为定向增发对象，仍然部分支持定向增发会降低研发支出水平的结论，为股权融资背景下提高上市公司研发支出水平的论点提供了新证据，同时也可为提高上市公司研发支出水平的制度改革提供参考。     

Perceived helpfulness of eWOM: Emotions,fairness and rationality

Consumers use online reviews to help make informed purchase decisions. This paper extends existing research by examining how content of online reviews influences perceptions of helpfulness by demonstrating how different emotions can influence helpfulness of both product and service online reviews beyond a valence-based approach using cognitive appraisal theory and attribution theory. This research contributes to existing knowledge regarding the theory of information processing, attribution theory, and cognitive appraisal theory of emotions. Using findings from this study, practitioners can make review websites more user-friendly which will help readers avoid information overload and make more informed purchase decisions.     

Human negative,positive, and net influences on an estuarine area with intensive human activity based on land covers and ecological indices: An empirical study in Chongming Island,China

Human activities have widely spread over nearly every corner of the world and been remarkably influencing the natural ecosystem since the 20th century. Identifying and quantifying the negative and positive influences of human activities are important for providing a solid basis for reasonable exploitation and effective conservation. This study focused on the negative and positive influences of human activities on five “macro to micro” aspects of an estuarine ecosystem, including island geomorphology, landscape pattern, plant community, physical quality, and chemical environment. An evaluation model was established using spatiotemporal ecological information from remote sensing, and three new indices, namely, human damage index (HDI), human regulation index (HRI), and human net influence index (HNII), were established to quantify the negative, positive, and net influences of human activities, respectively. Chongming Island in the Yangtze River Estuary of China was used as the study area, and four scenes of remote sensing images in 1988, 1995, 2007, and 2017 served as the data source. Results indicated that HDI initially increased and then decreased, HRI showed generally increasing characteristics, and HNII initially decreased and then increased in the entire study area from 1988 to 2017. Although the net influence was negative, ecological conservation and management since the 21 st century have clearly increased the HNII. Wetland vegetation, mudflat, and woodland had positive HNII; farmland, water area, and pond had HNII close to zero; and building, traffic, and industrial lands possessed negative HNII. The model was proven to greatly contribute to judging the ecological efficiencies of different types of land uses and optimizing the spatial configuration of human activities in estuarine areas.