Negative emotions,value and relationships: Differences between women and men

Service experiences are characterized by emotions that help shape the value in use received by the customer. Negative emotion plays an important role in all of consumer psychology and all too often consumers experience some degree of negative emotion during a consumption experience. This research sheds light on how these negative shopping emotions experienced by men and women in a typical shopping environment affect value and relationships in the form of shopper behavior, commitment and share of wallet. A theoretical process is explained and modeled with a sample of mall shoppers. Results overall suggest that negative emotions affect the shopping experience more for women than for men in terms of perceived value and loyalty. In contrast, the behavior–commitment relationship is stronger for men.     

寿险公司高退保现状及其对策探析

近年来我国寿险保单的退保居高不下。高退保严重影响了寿险公司的正常经营和寿险业的健康发展,因此寿险公司应认真冷静分析原因,着力从提升自身经营管理水平出发,积极探索应对高退保的策略。     

Better him than me: social comparison theory and service recovery

We conduct two studies to examine if, when, and why communication strategies using social comparisons can effectively restore emotional equilibrium after a service failure, and thus aid recovery efforts. In our first study, we find that after a service failure, like compensation, downward social comparisons reduce anger and improve post-purchase behavioral intentions (including exiting, complaining to management, engaging in negative word-of-mouth, and complaining to a third party). However, when two recovery tools, compensation and downward social comparisons are used together they do not have an additive effect. Additionally, we show that anger mediates the social comparison effect. In a second study, we further explore the social comparison effect and the financial compensation effect using complete and incomplete downward social comparisons and multiple levels of financial compensation. Our findings indicate that complete downward social comparisons are particularly effective at improving all four types of post-purchase behavioral intentions when financial compensation is non-existent or relatively low. Finally, we discuss implications for theory and practice. The authors would like to thank Irwin Levin, Jim Sinkula, the anonymous reviewers, and David Stewart for their insightful comments and invaluable guidance related to this article.     

Option pricing with the control variate technique beyond Monte Carlo simulation

Although mostly used alongside Monte Carlo simulation, the control-variate (CV) technique can be applied to other numerical algorithms in option pricing. This paper studies the conditions under which a numerical method (simulation-based or not) can benefit from the CV technique and what approximators can serve as CVs. We demonstrate the ideas with Carr and Madan’s Fourier transform-based algorithm, convolution-based pricing algorithms, and classic binomial trees. Numerical results are provided to show that the CV-enhanced versions are more efficient than the original algorithms.     

信贷歧视下的金融发展与效率拖累

本文探究了在信贷歧视背景下国有经济所造成的“效率拖累”现象。运用Malmquist指数法,本文估算出我国各省市的全要素生产率,并将其分解为技术效率与技术进步两个方面。利用我国省际面板数据,本文发现国有经济比重对这两个方面上的影响有不同表现。国有经济比重的提高促进技术进步,同时拖累技术效率。此外,金融发展规模的扩大均加强了国有经济比重的上述两种效应。     

Environmental degradation as engine of undesirable economic growth via self-protection consumption choices

We analyze growth dynamics in an economy where the well-being of economic agents depends on three goods: leisure, a free access environmental good and a private good that can be consumed as a substitute for the environmental resource. The processes of production and consumption of the private good by each agent impose negative externalities on other agents through the depletion of the environmental good.This paper shows that, in such context, the existence of private substitutes for environmental goods may fuel an undesirable economic growth process. This process is driven by the continuous increase in agents' needs for private consumption generated by the progressive reduction in free consumption of the environmental good.     

Anti-consumption and brand avoidance

This article focuses on a particular form of anti-consumption; brand avoidance. Specifically, it explores why people may avoid some brands, even when their financial circumstances allow them the option to purchase. The authors use qualitative data to develop a conceptual framework that helps clarify why consumers avoid certain brands. This study reveals three types of brand avoidance: experiential, identity and moral brand avoidance. Experiential brand avoidance occurs because of negative first hand consumption experiences that lead to unmet expectations. Identity avoidance develops when the brand image is symbolically incongruent with the individual's identity. Moral avoidance arises when the consumer's ideological beliefs clash with certain brand values or associations, particularly when the consumer is concerned about the negative impact of a brand on society. Finally, this study highlights potential strategies that managers could implement to deal with brand avoidance.     

宗教对斯蒂芬成长的负面影响(英文)

詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《一个青年艺术家的自画像》是一部关于斯蒂芬·迪德勒斯的成长小说。本文通过从三个不同的角度,即家庭宗教环境,学校宗教环境,社会宗教环境,来分析宗教对史蒂芬成长的负面影响。以此,读者可了解到乔伊斯在小说中表现的宗教主题,以及宗教负面影响对史蒂芬性格,生活的扭曲,对他追求艺术自由的阻碍。     

竞争氛围感知对员工知识隐藏行为的影响机制

知识隐藏是知识管理领域的前沿主题。尽管已有研究探讨了知识隐藏的影响因素,但从组织情境视角探究员工知识隐藏影响因素的研究并不多。鉴于此,基于情感事件理论,探讨竞争氛围感知对员工知识隐藏的影响机制,尤其是消极情绪的中介作用以及员工竞争特质、公众自我觉知的调节作用。结果表明：①竞争氛围感知对员工知识隐藏具有积极影响,员工消极情绪在其中发挥部分中介作用;②员工竞争特质对竞争氛围感知与员工消极情绪关系存在调节作用;③员工的公众自我觉知在消极情绪与知识隐藏关系中发挥调节效应;④员工竞争特质和公众自我觉知共同调节消极情绪对竞争氛围感知与知识隐藏关系的中介作用,即当员工的竞争特质和公众自我觉知同时较低时,该中介作用更强,反之更弱。     

浦东新区极化开发的负社会外部性研究

当前中国正处于工业化和城市化加速发展时期,城市规模和数量在不断增长,对于城市未来和城市居民福利的关注,已经使人们在最近几年对于城市问题引发了许多的关注.过去人们只关注于极化开发的经济功能,而忽视极化开发造成人口大量流入、快速城市化造成的城市社会结构和城市功能结构转变引发的负社会外部性问题.本文探索了极化开发造成负社会外部性的机理,并利用人口普查资料及其它社会经济统计资料,分析浦东新区极化开发的集聚效应和负社会外部性.当前浦东新区极化开发引发的负外部性问题如社会极化、社区重组、社会隔离、就业压力已经开始显现,并对浦东新区的社会稳定和可持续发展产生一定的影响.浦东新区极化开发产生的负社会外部性问题在中国其它许多大城市也开始凸显,因此,如何最大限度地减少极化开发的负社会外部性问题应引起重视.