《论持久战》与马克思主义哲学中国化

在马克思主义哲学中国化的过程中,毛泽东在1938年发表的《论持久战》将马克思主义的唯物论、辩证法和唯物史现有机地结合起来、贯穿始终,用以说明中日战争过程和结局。《论持久战》的发表是马克思主义哲学中国化的重要标志之一。     

Why do loans contain covenants? Evidence from lending relationships

Despite the importance of banks’ role as delegated monitors, little is known about how non-price terms of loan contracts are structured to optimize information production in a lending relationship. Using a large sample of corporate loans, this paper examines the effect of relationship lending on covenant choice. Consistent with information asymmetry theories, covenant tightness is relaxed over the duration of a relationship, especially for opaque borrowers. In contrast, the effect of lending relationship intensity on the number of covenants included in a loan follows an inverted U shape. I discuss potential explanations for this finding.     

神朔铁路万吨组合列车平稳操纵的研究与运用

本文通过对神朔铁路开行不同编组类型万吨组合列车、不同机型牵引万吨组合列车以及万吨组合列车通过不同分相处所产生的列车纵向冲动各个环节进行分析研究,总结制定出了适合神朔铁路万吨组合列车运行和现有司乘人员条件下的平稳操纵方法和具体措施。     

Guest editorial: research themes in retailing

This paper is designed to address the differences among competitors in the use of interfirm influence strategies, trying to discover tendencies in the use of each strategy, ranking the use of the different influence strategies and identifying the type of strategy used by each manufacturer. Data were gained by a mail survey of the major computer manufacturers in Spain. Empirical research has been undertaken in order to build the constructs 'coercive influence' and 'noncoercive influence', and they are ranked by level of use. Causal analysis is used to provide such analysis. Type of influence strategy adopted by suppliers is analysed. Grouping of computer manufacturers according to the type of influence strategy adopted is also provided.     

Do types of economic ownership matter in getting employees to commit? An exploratory study in the People's Republic of China

Economic reforms launched in the People's Republic of China led to rapid growth in the non-state sector. Economic organizations in this sector adopt different styles of business operations and management practices when compared with their state counterparts. These systematic differences generate work dynamics with implications for workers' job attitudes and behaviours. The present study explores the relationship between workers' perception of the workplace and organizational commitment after the reform. Three hundred employees in Shanghai, from six enterprises, were randomly sampled for interview. Differences were found between state and non-state employees in their demographic characteristics, organizational perceptions and commitment. Findings suggested that state and non-state workers differed in their commitment and these relationships were mediated through various perceptual dimensions. Implications of the results for theory and practice are discussed.     

An Analysis of Hotel Employees' Motivation Using Kovach's Ten Factor Model

Abstract

Human resource professionals in the hospitality industry are faced with many challenges when it comes to attracting and retaining employees. Understanding what motivates employees may help to meet some of those challenges. This research employed Kovach's Ten Factor Model to analyze the motivators of a diverse work force in a large hotel in a major southeastern U.S. city.     

An analysis of B2B ingredient co-branding relationships

The proliferation of co-branding in consumer markets has been given considerable attention in the literature, yet attention to the practice in business-to-business markets has been limited, despite the growing attention to the role of relationships in the B2B arena. In an examination of co-branding in the industrial sector, this paper discusses the use of ingredient co-branding and uses an econometric modeling approach to offer a rationale for why it occurs. The analysis provides insight into why downstream manufacturers participate in a relationship that strengthens the supplier's position in the market. We find that under the threat to the supplier of entry from a competitor whose costs are unobservable, co-branding relationships will be entered into resulting in a reduced probability of entry. This co-branding arrangement benefits both the incumbent supplier and the downstream manufacturer. The incumbent supplier benefits from the reduced probability of competitor entry, and the downstream manufacturer is rewarded with a lower price. Further, we find that the cost of the co-branded product is lower, due to a mitigation of double marginalization in a vertically-integrated solution. We examine co-branding relationships with and without advertising support and find that co-branding relationships with advertising support tend to be superior.     

Applied Policy Analysis of the Rice Marketing Subsector of Guinea-Bissau

Simple analytical techniques are used to diagnose and demonstrate problems observed in the rice marketing subsector of Guinea-Bissau. The problems are typical of those encountered by liberalizing economics. The recommendations favor policies that enhance competition.     

Instrumentality: A note on the Aesthetics of Programming

In this paper I want to describe a way to explain the beauty of instrumental action. Instrumental action is, in this paper, any action whose goal lies outside the action itself. Most of our everyday actions could be included in this category: driving to work, taking the buss, writing memos, letters and e-mails, designing cars, managing organisations, etc. We do not do these things for their own sake, we do them in order to attain some other goal. I do not intend to get any deeper into the concept of instrumental action so I will use an example instead of talking in a general manner. I have chosen to lead the argument from the example of programming, but this paper is not primarily about technology. The Dutch painter Piet Mondrian (1872-1944) had already been a relatively well known painter for a few years before he became (in)famous for his revolutionary ideas about aesthetics. His ideas are better transmitted through his paintings but he also wrote about them, which makes it easier for anyone who wishes to use them as references. In this case, all references to him are extracted from the collection The New Art-The New Life (Mondrian 1993, Da Capo Press, New York). I shall try to give an account of the aesthetics of instrumental action with the help of Mondrian's writings. I would like to explain the beauty of instrumental action using the concept of "relationships", as Mondrian did for his paintings.     

Corporate reputations in UK biotechnology: an analysis of on‐line ‘company profile’ texts

Internet technology is creating a new corporate communications framework, which is affecting communication channels, corporate audiences, message content and form, communication feedback and corporate personae. Confronted with a complex communications environment, which is characterized by many conflicting views and highly sensitive topics, biotechnology companies have to transmit a clear and powerful message to their target audiences. This study analyses the projection of corporate images in the ‘company profile’ texts published on‐line by biotechnology firms in the UK.