集聚、研发要素流动与产业竞争力 ——以高端服务业为例

利用新经济地理学理论构建了高端服务业集聚、研发要素流动影响高端服务业竞争力的理论模型。理论分析表明,高端服务业竞争力与高端服务业集聚度、研发要素流动、劳动力数量、工业品支出份额正相关,与产品间替代弹性负相关。继而,利用中国31个省市自治区（因数据缺失,不包含港澳台地区）2003—2018年数据,空间探索性分析发现中国省域间高端服务业竞争力存在明显空间正自相关性。空间面板计量模型检验结果也很好地支持了理论模型的结论。表明高端服务业聚集度、R&D人员流动量和R&D资本流动量的提升正向促进高端服务业竞争力,但三者的总效应主要是由直接溢出效应决定的。本文结论为我国进一步促进高端服务业集聚,统筹区际间研发要素流动,进而提升中国高端服务业竞争力提供政策启示。     

我国财政分权体制下农民工公共服务权利的缺失

农民工权利的保证包括诸多方面,其中很重要的一个方面就是其社会保障和公共服务权利的获得。社会保障和公共服务的提供主要依靠政府,但目前我国财政分权体制的现状导致中央和地方政府的权责存在一定程度的不一致性,地方政府在为农民工提供社会保障和公共服务上缺乏主动性、积极性。本文对此进行了分析并提出相应的政策建议。     

知识产权融资服务体系构建研究

知识产权融资存在法律制度不完善、资产评估水平低、质物处置难、银行无形资产运作能力弱等问题,在借鉴国外中小企业融资服务体系成功经验的基础上,提出了构建知识产权融资服务体系,包括融资供给系统、融资保证系统、融资辅导系统,然后从完善知识产权融资法律法规、提高商业银行知识产权融资服务水平、发展政策性金融、建立健全企业信用担保机制、建设知识产权融资辅导平台等方面,提出了融资服务体系的建设策略。     

Why the structure of capital and the useful lives of its components matter: A test based on a model of Austrian descent

This paper centers on the structure of capital and the useful lives of its components by considering an economy with two representative firms, one producing a necessity and another producing a luxury. This difference determines their reinvestment opportunities. Therefore, while the one applies replacement, the other adopts scrapping. However, as these capital policies lead to different service lives, the analysis confronts the issues raised by Miller (Review of Income and Wealth 29:284–296, 1982, Review of Income and Wealth 36:67–82, 1990) and deals with them by drawing on Haavelmo’s (A study in the theory of investment, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1960) suggestions regarding the aggregation of capital. Among other findings, it turns out that the simulation results are highly robust, thus demonstrating that real-world implications may be even stronger than strictly suggested by the model.

Theoretical foundations of sustainable economic welfare indicators — ISEW and political economy of the disembedded system

The conceptual foundations of the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) are surveyed and critiqued. It is argued that the three underlying theories of community, psychic income, and social welfare economics supply certain theoretical foundations for the ISEW. The focal point of the theories is to evaluate the positives and negatives of economic growth, with the hope of achieving a practical measure of sustainable economic welfare. However, they are not as well developed as they should be: the three theories have partial, underdeveloped explanations of the benefits (services) and costs (disservices) generated in the system. The theoretical particulars of ISEW abstract from the workings of the capitalist system, because the ISEW advocates have not specified a society in the socioeconomic system which we currently have. Specifically, there is no underlying linked systems view of the disembedded economy — where the exchange economy tends to dominate other aspects of culture. Without a systematic understanding of the political economy of capitalism, the ISEW is potentially flawed in design. Therefore, there is a need to search for a critical approach to sustainable economic welfare. As a point of departure, it is better to have a political economy theory. The political economy of the disembedded system provides an alternative theoretical approach to ISEW.     

公共服务、城市规模与人才区位——基于新空间经济学理论的分析

将城市规模引入新空间经济学理论模型,探讨公共服务、城市规模对人才区位的影响机制,并且利用2011-2017年CMDS微观数据匹配244个城市数据进行实证检验。结果显示：①城市规模对公共服务影响人才区位具有非线性门槛效应,只有当城市规模满足一定门槛条件时,增加公共服务供给才能显著吸引人才流入;②全国层面的实证分析有效验证了理论预期;③分区域看,东部与中西部地区门槛条件具有异质性,东部地区人才流动呈现竞争效应,中西部地区呈现集聚效应;④分城市等级看,大城市与中小城市门槛条件差异明显,满足门槛条件时,加大中小城市公共服务供给,吸引人才效果会更显著。最后提出基于城市规模和区域异质性的公共服务供给对策。     

知识默会性对服务企业国际化进入模式及演化的影响

进入模式是一种组织和执行国际商务活动的制度安排.相对有形产品来说,服务更具有知识的特性,服务企业的国际化具有更明显的知识转移特征,知识的默会性对服务企业的进入模式选择产生了不可忽略的影响.从知识基础观出发,研究知识默会性对服务企业国际化进入模式的选择及其演化的影响,具有重要学术价值.     

科技服务业产出测算：指标确立、数据收集与未来预测

科技服务业产出测算是对科技服务业产出数据的统计与分析,加强科技服务业产出数据的规范统计和应用分析可为我国政府调整产业政策提供重要数据支撑。以科技服务业产出测算为研究对象,结合学者观点、国家标准及各级政府相关产业政策,提出将分支产业作为初始指标的横向统计思路,构建科技服务业产出测算指标体系。在数据收集方面,强调要做好“收”与“填”两个基本工作;在指标确立和数据收集基础上,进一步提出未来预测的两种方法,以此作为科技服务业产出数据预测的初步探索;提出应从统一数据统计标准、完善数据调查与公开制度、加强数据资源开发3个方面建立健全我国科技服务业产出数据测量与管理体制机制。     

中国服务贸易发展国际比较与提升竞争力之见解

通过对服务贸易的发展现状、结构特征及贸易竞争力指数的国际比较发现,由于起步晚、基础差等因素所致,中国服务贸易发展仍相对滞后。当今现代服务业日渐突起且越来越成为国际产业竞争的焦点,因此,如何加快发展现代服务业,优化服务贸易结构,提升服务贸易竞争力则成为目前亟待研究的课题。