苦荞风味糕生产工艺研究

以苦荞粉为主要原料、辅以面粉,采用"三熟"处理苦荞,生产新型苦荞风味糕,优化配方为:特一粉∶苦荞粉6∶4,蔗糖50%,复合疏松剂0.5%,调和油10%,谷氨酸钠0.02%,NaCl 0.8%,活性酵母0.5%;最佳生产工艺为:苦荞籽80℃干燥3~5 h后炒制25 min,磨粉并过80目筛,75~80℃热烫20 min,加辅料并和面后,30℃发酵3 h,制坯成型后蒸30 min,所得苦荞风味糕细腻柔和、风味俱佳。     

Impatience implication of weakly Paretian orders: Existence and genericity

We study order theoretic and topological implications for impatience of weakly Paretian, representable orders on infinite utility streams. As a departure from the traditional literature, we do not make any continuity assumptions in proving the existence of impatient points. Impatience is robust in the sense that there are uncountably many impatient points. A general statement about genericity of impatience cannot be made for representable, weakly Paretian orders. This is shown by means of an example. If we assume a stronger sensitivity condition, then genericity obtains.     

A practical solution to the problem of ultimate ruin probability

Abstract

It was the Swiss actuary Chr. Moser who, in lectures at Bern University at the turn of the century, gave the name “self-renewing aggregate” to what Vajda (1947) has called the “unstationary community” of lives, namely where deaths at any epoch are immediately replaced by an equivalent number of births. It was Moser too (1926) who coined the expression “steady state” for the stationary community in which the age distribution at any time follows the life table (King, 1887). With such a distinguished actuarial history, excellently summarized by Saxer (1958, Ch. IV), it behoves every actuary to know at least the definitions and modus operandi of today's so-called renewal (point), or recurrent event, processes.     

黑龙江省农村金融制度现状及其问题分析

随着农村金融体制改革的深入,黑龙江省农村金融发生了可喜的变化。但也存在一些突出的问题,如直接融资占融资结构的比重偏低、金融服务体系不健全、农村金融抑制等。导致黑龙江省农村金融效率低下、农村金融资源配置的帕累托条件缺失的根本原因在于农村金融制度有效供给不足,以及制度结构不够协调。     

Another Graphical Proof of Arrow's Impossibility Theorem

Arrow's (1951) Impossibility Theorem is the idea that, given several well-known assumptions, the social orderings of particular alternatives that are meant to reflect individuals' preferences must match the preferences of an arbitrary individual (the dictator). A social-choice rule other than dictatorship is impossible. Following from Fountain (2000), the author presents another graphical proof of the theorem that is intended to be more accessible to students and teachers of economics. The principal strength of this approach is that the patterns of agreements and conflicts over all possible combinations of two individuals' rankings of alternatives are transparent; appreciating these patterns is the key to intuitively understanding Arrow's theorem. A self-test for readers (or a classroom exercise for students) is included.     

A Generic Framework for Automated Multi-attribute Negotiation

Agents in a negotiation may have to negotiate multiple issues simultaneously. Automated multi-attribute negotiation provides an important mechanism for distributed decision makers to reach agreements on multiple issues. Moreover, it also furnishes the opportunity to reach “win–win” solutions. In this paper, we first provide a survey that synthesizes the research on multi-attribute negotiation. We discuss the limitations of the existing research and conclude that three key issues need further study: incomplete information, Pareto optimality, and tractability. We then present a generic framework for automated multi-attribute negotiation with two new mechanisms that address the above issues. Finally, we discuss the challenges and directions for future work.     

Innovation and antibiotic use within antibiotic classes: Market incentives and economic instruments

We analyze a monopolist's incentive to innovate a new antibiotic which is connected to the same pool of antibiotic treatment efficacy as is another drug produced by a generic industry. We outline the differences of antibiotic use under market conditions and in the social optimum. A time- and state-dependent tax-subsidy mechanism is proposed to induce the monopolist and generic industry to exploit antibiotic efficacy optimally.     

优化旅游系统的生态学原理

如何通过优化旅游促进旅游业的可持续发展，是当今旅游研究的重大课题之一。某些生态学原理可为这一问题的解决提供有益的方法和独特的视角。     

对“齐王赛马”问题的求解

“齐王赛马”是一个典型的对策论例子,本文运用线性规划法对其进行全面求解。     

空调系统智能控制器的研究

介绍了一种用于空调自动控制系统的智能控制器。该智能控制器利用单片机技术 ,实现了对空调自动控制系统的自动监测 ,及时反应空调系统的故障 ;利用数字 PID技术 ,实现了对温度和湿度的优化控制 ,达到快速调温、减小温差和降低能耗的目的