我国智能语音行业专利战略研究———以科大讯飞为例

智能语音产业作为我国七大战略性新兴产业之一,是软件产业中为数不多掌握自主知识产权并处于国际领先水平的领域,一直受到国家各级主管部门高度重视,已被列入多项国家科技发展规划和政策支持领域。通过选取中文语音市场份额最大的科大讯飞作为研究对象,并对其进行竞争优势和劣势分析,提出了我国"基础性专利向前发展扩张+应用性专利向后设立壁垒"的思路,以及探讨战略实施过程中构建专利联盟、绘制专利地图、建立专利预警机制等具体策略。     

Anticipating converging industries using publicly available data

Industry convergence, described as the blurring of boundaries between industries, plays an increasingly pivotal role in shaping markets and industries. Traditionally, this phenomenon has been discussed in respect to telecommunications, information technologies and electronics, but more recently also the chemical and its related industries find themselves affected by a larger convergence process. With the primary example of phytosterols in the two converging industries of Cosmeceuticals and of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, we analyze 7455 scientific and patent references in respect to first indicators for signs of convergence. Furthermore, we present and discuss a multiple indicator concept for monitoring convergence in an R&D-intensive field on the basis of publicly available data.     

Determinants of patent value: Insights from a simulation analysis

This paper contributes to understanding the determinants of patent value. By drawing on a real options approach, we develop a theoretical model of patent value, which explicitly considers the uncertainty about future value. On this basis, we rely on Monte Carlo simulations with data from a case study in a large chemical firm to estimate patent value according to our model. In the simulation analyses, we compare an R&D project with patent protection and the same project without patent protection. The difference of the values of the two projects is the surplus in profit that may be expected from having a patent covering the project. This surplus is regarded as the value that is directly attributable to the patent. The results of the simulation analyses indicate that the development costs and expected net cash flows of a patent-protected project are higher than of an unpatented project. The higher net cash flows outgrow the increased development costs, and patent value is positive. However, this value is smaller than the overall project value of the patent-protected R&D project.     

跨国公司专利技术的信息化研发趋势

本文以1970年代至今不同时期发达国家专利技术的相关数据为分析基础,研究了发达国家,尤其是跨国公司为主体的技术研发趋势。进一步认识到信息产业技术创新的不同阶段的发展重心,并且不同发达国家有着不同优势,东亚国家、尤其是韩国在近几年来在信息技术上的赶超趋势明显。通过比较,指出跨国公司是技术创新基础上知识创造的重要力量,并且在组织、管理、研发等领域的广泛创新是信息战略的综合作用。中国应学习日本从专利模仿到自主申请专利,同时,注重基础研究的跟进与实践。     

R&D补贴、专利行为与战略性自主创新政策

企业的自主创新能力和国际竞争力对一个国家的创新能力和竞争力起着决定性的作用,而度量企业创新能力的重要指标是企业的专利行为。通过分析我国近些年来政府对企业的R&D补贴和企业的专利行为,提出了政府在实施战略性自主创新政策时需要考虑的因素以及政府在实施战略性自主创新政策中应采取的政策措施。     

汽车产品再制造中的知识产权问题分析

汽车产品再制造是汽车工业发展循环经济的重要途径,是汽车工业可持续发展的必然选择。随着再制造产业的发展,原产品制造商与再制造商的利益冲突和知识产权冲突问题逐渐显现。明确再制造中的知识产权保护原则,平衡各方的利益,才能既鼓励创新,保护知识产权人的利益,又可以高效发展汽车再制造产业。     

论我国《专利法》第三次修改与TRIPS的衔接

2008年12月27日,我国对《专利法》进行了第三次修改。修改后的《专利法》将于2009年10月1日起实施。此次修改是在基本上没有外界压力的情况下,我国自主进行的,共修改36处。从全球化及TRIPS的视角看,此次修改的意义在于：有关在我国完成的发明创造向国外提出专利申请程序的修改、发明和实用新型的新颖性条件的修改、强制许可规定的完善以及外国人委托代理机构的做法,都已经与国际接轨。这是我国专利制度建设的重大进步,也是我国知识产权法律体系完善的一大举措.     

The organizational evolution of innovative activity in the US semiconductor industry: Technological specialization and diversification

This article analyzes the organizational evolution of innovative activity in the contemporary high-tech industry. It has been argued that by showing illuminating examples and proposing theoretical explanations, the innovation process has been fragmented and distributed among several organizations. In other words, ‘division of innovative labor’ emerges. However, one of the problems of this argument lies in its lack of systematic empirical analysis. Using the United States Patent and Trademark Office patent database, this article analyzes the organization of innovative activity in the US semiconductor industry. It is shown that ‘technological specialization’ has not occurred in this industry as a whole. In addition, it is also shown that there are two distinct modes of development of technology, namely, ‘specialized development of technology’ and ‘diversified development of technology’, in which the share of the latter has been steadily increasing. These results imply that contrary to the earlier conventional arguments, division of labor is not a common phenomenon in the production of technological knowledge.     

商业银行保证金业务内部控制体系研究

巴塞尔委员会认为内部控制是现代商业银行的本质性管理行为,是商业银行风险控制的有效手段。保证金业务是我国商业银行的一项重要业务,加强对保证金业务的内部控制是提高保证金业务质量的前提条件。保证金业务内部控制体系的设计可以为保证金业务内部控制行为的顺利实施提供必要的理论指导,而保证金业务内部控制体系的设计必须密切联系于我国商业银行保证金业务的现实性实践行为。因子分析可以为理论模型提供可靠性和有效性检验,从而揭示我国商业银行保证金业务内部控制的现实状况。     

我国城市专利综合实力影响因素分析

专利是衡量城市科技创新能力的主要指标。本文运用主成分分析法,对我国4个直辖市和15个副省级城市的专利综合实力做出评分、排序和分级,揭示各城市间专利综合实力的差异。然后运用多元线性回归分析法,对19个城市的专利综合实力做回归分析,得出影响城市专利综合实力的主要因素,包括人均科技支出、固定资产投资总额、科技人员占从业人员的比例、每百人公共图书馆藏书和人均电信业务总量。