落实科学发展观加快国有林区林权制度改革

实现国有森林资源的可持续发展,对于国家的经济发展、社会进步和生态建设具有极其重要的意义。林权制度改革旨在推动产权的明晰化,增强经营者对森林资源的自觉保护意识和责任意识,实现对森林资源的有效保护。伊春国有林区林权制度改革初步取得了一些成效,这是贯彻和落实科学发展观的生动体现,为了建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会,应进一步加快林权制度改革,转变林业经济增长方式,建设林业生态文明。     

Do U.S. citizens support government intervention in agriculture? Implications for the political economy of agricultural protection

The persistence of agricultural protectionism throughout the world is intriguing given the widely recognized benefits of free trade. The political economy literature over the last decades has considered groups’ interest, politicians’ preferences, and their interactions within domestic politics as the primary forces driving agricultural protection. Yet, a growing body of studies suggests that it would be judicious to weigh in consumers’ or taxpayers’ perspectives in deciphering the nature of agricultural protection. This study examines U.S. citizens’ preferences about government intervention in agriculture and trade. Results show that they are in strong support of agricultural protection and their perceptions of national food security, family farms, environmental sustainability, and multifunctionality of agriculture play a significant role in shaping their support/opposition toward government intervention. The conventional political economy literature theorizes that consumers or taxpayers would oppose public policies that increase their tax burden; however, in the case of the farm sector, they have little incentive to voice their objections given the costs of farm programs are spread across a large number of consumers and taxpayers. U.S. citizens’ support for government involvement in agriculture as reported in this and other prior studies does not lend support for such political economy explanation.     

生态文明视角下土地整治科技创新研究 ——基于原国土资源部土地整治相关领域的登记和获奖成果分析

研究目的:对原国土资源部土地整治相关领域的登记和获奖成果进行梳理分析,为土地整治科技创新服务支撑生态文明建设提出意见建议。研究方法:文献资料法和比较分析法。研究结果:中国土地生态整治科技创新取得丰硕成果,但在创新能力、研究尺度和内容、成果转化应用方面存在进一步完善的空间。研究结论:土地生态整治科技发展促进了土地整治水平的提高,今后,土地生态整治科技创新要在新发展理念下,在项目设计、标准化、研究内容方面加强科学研究,完善科技创新体制机制,激发创新活力。     

Managing political imperatives in war time: strategic responses of Philips in Australia, 1939–1945

The Australian subsidiary of Dutch multi-national enterprise Philips came under secret service surveillance and faced risk of government takeover as enemy property during World War II. It was also excluded from Australian government contracts for war-related communications equipment at a time when it was forced to reduce civilian production. These threats to its assets and operations required the firm to develop an adaptive corporate strategy in order to respond to the political imperatives it faced; not just minimising political risk, but also taking advantage of the opportunities that war-related production offered during the war years and after.     

政治关联与公司治理有效性——基于上市公司证券违规的数据

管理者政治关联在强化企业竞争优势的同时,也会弱化公司治理机制的有效性.本文基于公司违规行为发生及管理者被迫离职两个方面,利用Bivariate Probit模型和Logit模型研究管理者政治关联对公司治理有效性的影响.研究发现,拥有政治关联的管理者所在企业更加倾向发生违规行为,尤其是民营企业;管理者的政治关联能够降低其违规行为被稽查处理的可能性,尤其是国有企业.政治关联有助于管理者建立职位壕沟,降低管理者被迫离职的概率;而企业违规行为被稽查后,管理者被迫离职的可能性将显著提高.文章的研究结果证明,管理者政治关联会弱化企业发生违规行为的事前监管,同时也会降低企业违规行为的稽查在事后监管中的公司治理效果.     

都市旅游生态文明指标体系的构建与应用——基于熵权修正AHP层次模型

当前,关于生态文明的讨论方兴未艾,虽未形成统一认识,但主旨思想已基本一致。旅游生态文明以"生态旅游"和"生态文明"的和谐思想为基础,以人—自然—社会和谐发展为核心,旨在寻求生态、经济的双赢。文章构建了包含6个二级指标和41个三级指标的都市旅游生态文明指标体系,并创造性的在时间维度和空间维度上分别采用不同的熵权进行权重修正从而与都市旅游发展现实具有更高贴合度。实证研究表明,上海、北京凭借高度的国际化和制度文明而得到较高综合评价,但上海薄弱的旅游资源禀赋成为其发展的瓶颈。     

浅析马克思主义生态文明思想的发展脉络

近年来资源短缺、环境恶化、全球变暖、生态危机等一系列威胁人类生存发展的问题层出不穷。生态危机与其说是自然界生态平衡的打破倒不如说是人类社会人与人之间关系的异化。因此,我们有必要理清生态文明思想的发展脉络,去回首马克思、恩格斯的生态学思想,目睹西方生态学马克思主义对生态文明的发展,践行党的十八大提出的生态文明建设。     

Did support for economic and political reforms increase during the post‐communist transition,and if so,why?

We study the dynamics of individual support for changes in the economic and political system, using a unique dataset for 12 transition economies over the period 1991–2004. We document that support for transition was initially lower in the CIS countries and that there has been a converging trend in the support for reforms between the CIS and the Baltic and Central and Eastern European countries. We suggest several explanations for the initial divergence and the post‐98 convergence in support for transition between these three groups of countries, and show that economic growth, declining income inequality and improving quality of governance have contributed to increase the support for transition. In addition, we find that increased support for the market economy and democracy in the CIS is accompanied by a larger increase in trust towards the political institutions. Our results also confirm the implications of Aghion et al. ( 2010 )'s model of a negative correlation between trust and the demand for government regulation.     

“Been-heres vs. come-heres” and other identities and ideologies along the rural–urban interface: A comparative case study in Calaveras County,California

The rural–urban interface is the place of transition between that which we call “urban” and that which we call “rural.” The interface is situated between two places perceived to be different, but which are indelibly linked. Although the functional differences between “rural” and “urban” people (or those seen as “been-heres” versus “come-heres”) seem to be diminishing, differing perspectives and preferences persist along the rural–urban edge. Such differences influence the way that land users, decision makers, and the community manage the environment and react to landscape change. Using a comparative case study in Calaveras County, California, I examine the differences and similarities between “been-heres” and “come-heres” along several lines: basic demographic characteristics, political party affiliations and ideologies, and conceptions of private property rights, concluding that the dichotomy is false but instructive. The been-here/come-here divide, rather than being a definitive means for characterizing stakeholders or predicting their behavior or perspectives, serves as a heuristic for understanding the starting places of certain actors. Furthermore, this kind of analysis reveals not only where and how people and perspectives contrast but also the ways that they converge. Improving our understandings differing people and perspectives is especially important as decision-makers struggle to plan for and manage livable places and sustainable environments among groups with varying preferences which may sometimes conflict.     

The tourism and peace nexus

Tourism has been heralded as a contributor to peace, however, the inconclusive findings of empirical studies render the need for a consolidation of theory that has in so far relied on case studies and the adoption of the contact hypothesis. Informed by political science theory, this paper proposes a methodological framework that can guide future research and aims to serve as a benchmark for researchers interested in temporal issues pertaining to conflict, peace and tourism. Signalling a departure from the simplistic notion that contact through travel contributes to social integration, the paper adopts a holistic conceptualisation of the multi-faceted and complex system of actors, sectors and dimensions of tourism spanning at the social, economic, political and environmental levels.