21世纪生产力发展方针的热力学思考——兼论广义文化生产力

欲实现环保生产力之稳定发展,关键在于深入探讨热力学定律所揭示的大自然物质运动规律。面对全球性不可再生资源匮乏及环境熵污染严峻的局面,最有效的对策应是:在发展物质生产力的过程中,通过日益发达的科学技术,寻求热力学定律中“火用”理论的最佳应用,同时要注重同步、协调的发展广义文化生产力。“相对能量产出指数”可作为衡量不同经济系统运行中的物质状态参数(或作为物质资源消费的量化指标),供评价该系统不可再生资源的适度消费水平;亦可供制定不同国家或地区环保生产力发展方针参考。     

农民工返乡创业收益影响因素研究

农民工返乡创业是近年来的研究热点。通过对湖南省和甘肃省的实地调查,获得了真实数据,利用Logistic模型实证研究返乡农民工的创业收益的影响因素,得出：湖南省返乡农民工的创业收益主要受资金投入、外出年限和受教育程度因素的影响;甘肃省返乡农民工创业收益主要受人力资本投入、资金投入以及外出年限因素的影响。由此提出促进农民工返乡创业、提高返乡农民工创业收益的相关政策建议。     

Bank profitability in the Eurasian Economic Union: Do funding liquidity and systemic importance matter?

The post-crisis regulatory architecture targets greater banking stability by imposing additional capital and liquidity requirements. Profit persistence, however, remains an important factor for attaining this goal. Using annual data for 2008–2017, this study analyzes the relationship between funding stability, systemic importance, and the profitability of banks in the three founding states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU): Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus. The results show a strong degree of stability in net interest margin (NIM) and a lack of persistence in return on assets (ROA). Compliance with the minimum level of the Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) reduces both the funding liquidity risk and the NIM of EAEU banks. Moreover, systemically important banks in the region historically operate at a lower interest spread and less prudent NSFR, which implies a potentially greater adverse effect on their NIM. Bank-specific variables have various impacts depending on the measure of profitability. The results also highlight that greater market concentration protects the NIM and negatively impacts the ROA of EAEU banks. Finally, Western sanctions have a destabilizing effect on the NIM of EAEU banks, but not on systemically important banks.     

Multinational enterprises and corporate tax planning: A review of literature and suggestions for a future research agenda

Corporate tax planning by the multinational enterprise (MNE), that is, the MNE’s ability to plan its tax affairs by using a multitude of strategies to reduce its tax bills legally, is a central research question in the literatures of international business, public economics, tax, finance, law and accounting. Underlying theoretical assumptions, approaches to empirical testing, profit shifting estimation strategies and findings are varied. Thus, it is important to conduct a critical literature review. In this paper, we offer new insights by studying the phenomenon from the international business (IB) perspective. We survey the academic literature on the MNE and corporate tax planning to examine the extent of knowledge on this topic and identify areas that we hope will stimulate interest among IB scholars for further research. We find materials across disciplines that are relevant to IB readers. We examine 120 articles in 51 scholarly journals and classic books published during the period 1966-2017. We identify the key mechanisms and the firm characteristics that may influence corporate tax planning. We suggest a research agenda where IB research can make clear contributions.     

Efficiency in Turkish banking: post-restructuring evidence

Turkish banking sector went through a significant restructuring process in the aftermath of the country's financial crisis of 2000–2001. In this paper, we analyze the evolution of banking performance using a novel approach due to Ray [(2007). “Shadow Profit Maximization and a Measure of Overall Inefficiency.” Journal of Productivity Analysis 27, 231–236]. We derive ‘shadow unrealized profit scores’ as well as ‘shadow input–output prices’ for each year and bank in the sector from 2002 to 2011. We argue these scores operationalize the Hicksian concept of ‘monopolistic quiet life’. We provide some evidence the sector came closer to the ‘zero profit condition’ as well as displaying a closer approximation to the ‘law of one price’ over time. We show the variability of these ‘shadow prices’ essentially coincides with that of corresponding actual prices. We utilize shadow price information to show that business models and competitive choices of banks differ across ownership types with foreign banks competing on the broadest front compared to state-owned and privately owned Turkish banks.     

制造产业集群内企业利益分配博弈分析

通过分析制造产业集群合作机制,将博弈论中合作博弈的基本理论和方法应用于制造产业集群内企业的利益分配中,在基于多人合作博弈的传统Shapley值分析方法基础上,建立考虑投资额、风险以及技术创新等多种因素对利益分配结果影响的新模型,得到了一种新的利益分配方法,实证结果表明,建立的新模型更科学、更合理,同时合理的利益分配有助于制造产业集群稳定发展.     

协同机制下供应链剩余利润合理分配的影响因素研究

首先论述了供应链剩余利润以及该利润分配在协同供应链系统中的重要作用,分析了影响利润分配的系统外部和内部的各种因素,并利用层次分析法确定了供应链成员协作满意度和所担风险两个关键因素,指出了在有限条件下协同供应链剩余利润分配研究的重点。     

An Empirical Analysis of the Extreme Cherry Picking Behavior of Consumers in the Frequently Purchased Goods Market

Extreme cherry pickers are customers who seek price deals and excessively avail themselves of deep discount offers, which generates negative profits for retailers. This study uses market transaction and primary consumer survey data to provide insights into the determinants, prevalence, and profit impacts of such behavior in the frequently purchased goods market. We find that the extreme cherry picking segment is small (about 2% of all shoppers), but its relative value varies across stores, and consumers manifest this behavior only in secondary stores. An inverse U-shaped relationship marks consumers’ opportunity costs for cross-store price search and likelihood of extreme cherry picking behavior. Finally, we also find that a loss leader promotional strategy adds to retailers’ bottom lines, despite the pure loss generated by extreme cherry pickers.     

基于溢出效益的研发联盟利润分配设计

研究了如何利用利益分配方式作为激励机制,促使研发联盟成员放弃投机行为(即道德风险);对Shapley值法进行修正并以此为分配依据,设计出研发联盟的利润分配机制,以此激励联盟成员自动选择联盟最优投资策略作为自己的研发投资策略;通过理论及数值仿真算例分析证明,采用修正的Shapley值法进行利润分配,能够实现防范道德风险,促进合作研发的成功。