Measurement of organizational investments in social capital: The service employee perspective

This paper describes the development and validation of a measure of organizational investments in social capital (OISC). The scale development process is carried out over three stages (item generation, scale purification, scale validation), with two separate data collection phases involving a total of 735 working adults from multiple and diverse service-related workplace settings. As such, the data provide evidence for the face, content, discriminant, convergent and nomological validity, dimensionality and reliability of the OISC measure. The OISC measure is a concise, unidimensional scale that has the potential for significant usage in the development and testing of theory, as well as practical application in retail and other service provision contexts.     

Investigating the immediate and long-term effects of job stressors on frontline service employees

Two studies investigate the immediate and long-term effects of job stressors on frontline service employees (FSEs). Using cognitive appraisal theory, we develop and test a conceptual model of two job stressors (crowding and emotional labor) that affect coping strategies and job outcomes. Study 1, which is a field experiment, investigates the immediate effects of crowding in a single firm. Study 2 extends the findings of Study 1 and investigates the long-term effects of emotional labor and crowding on FSEs across multiple firms. The results show that crowding has a negative impact on coping strategies and job-related outcomes. In addition, emotional labor can lead to long-term negative outcomes, such as emotional exhaustion and decreased job retention, for some FSEs. Consequently, service organizations should consider strategies or tactics that prevent high levels of customer crowding and help FSEs deal with emotional labor.     

Children aged 9-14 living in disadvantaged areas in England: Opportunities and barriers for cycling

The aim of this paper is to take a holistic perspective to explore levels of cycling and opportunities and barriers to increase children’s safer cycling in disadvantaged areas in England. The study was one part of a larger study which explored the factors underlying the high level of road traffic casualties especially among children in the most disadvantaged areas of England and to explore how this impacts on mobility and quality of life. The methods involved a cross sectional survey comprising school based questionnaire surveys with children aged 9-14 and focus groups with parents who had children within this age range. The surveys were conducted in 2007 and the focus groups during 2008. 4286 children completed the survey and eight focus groups were held. Bike ownership (77%) was high, use in previous week moderate (39%) but only 2% cycled to school. Ownership was significantly lower in minority ethnic groups. Despite young children’s strong preference to travel by cycle (30%) than walk or go by car, most parents felt it was too hazardous. It is unlikely that these findings would be any different from the rest of England, however the combination of environmental and social factors may elevate the risks for young cyclists in these areas. This paper concludes that a number of barriers exist to increasing levels of cycling among children living in disadvantaged areas particularly amongst ethnic groups. These barriers could be addressed by environmental modifications to reduce speeds and by reducing the levels of antisocial driving and riding in residential areas and around destinations where children travel, by providing cycle training to improve children’s skills and parent’s confidence, and by providing secure storage facilities for bikes. Until these barriers are addressed it is unlikely that cycling will increase despite the strong preferences children have to travel by bike. Such preferences to cycle provide an opportunity for local authorities to act on.     

Exploring the use of travel information – identifying contextual market segmentation in Seoul, Korea

As the amount of information is rapidly growing, and ubiquitous urban environments are emerging, the question which kind of information to provide is a major challenge for commercial and public travel-information service providers alike. This paper reports the analyses of recent data, collected in Metropolitan Seoul, about the acquisition of travel information. The study applies CHAID analysis to find homogeneous segments in travel information acquisition. Findings indicate that contextual variables are crucial to explain information acquisition behaviour, depending on decision context. The implication is that both socioeconomic and contextual variables are important to better understand the acquisition (and provision) of travel information. The results have important implications for managers and policy-makers, in particular in the way they respond to dynamic, contextual market segmentation.     

证券市场监管理论——公共利益论、部门利益论的比较与评述

对经典的监管理论,尤其是对公共利益论、部门利益论与捕获论形成的背景、内涵、优缺点、适用条件进行了完整的比较分析,认为这些理论观点对监管的研究和监管实践有着重要的指导意义,但每一种理论都是对监管的某一方面进行的研究,还没有一种理论能够对证券市场监管的所有问题做出满意的解释。要提高我国证券市场监管的效果,需要从整体上运用这...     

基于新公共服务理论的广西邮政改革的对策研究

邮政业作为公共企业,是公共部门的重要组成部分,以新公共服务理论作为理论基础来研究广西邮政的改革问题具有深刻的内在必然性。本文对如何深化邮政政策进行较为全面的研究和探索。     

浅议公私权制衡理论

权力导致腐败,绝对的权力绝对导致腐败。公权的来源和本质决定了公权的行使不是任意毫无阻碍的,而应受到限制。考虑到执权者的个人素质问题,对公权行为的监管就更为必要。既要避免公权过分干预私权侵犯公民基本人权,又要防止公权在行使中由于方法和程序的不当侵犯人权,同时也要防范由于公权行使的不作为造成的在保障私权方面的公权缺位。用法律确定公权角色,使其既不缺位也不越位。     

贵州学前教育公共政策现实问题分析

重要领域公共政策的有效推进对国家和社会的发展具有重要的作用,学前教育公共政策作为政府实行学前教育目标和任务的行动依据和准则,保障学前教育事业的健康发展,并直接影响社会的发展进步。     

我国发展服务外包业的现状分析及应对策略

目前,跨国公司正在向世界各地特别是亚洲进行服务业的转移,这给我国企业的发展带来了极好的机遇.面对这一机遇,我们如何能做到依据科学的发展观来促进我国服务外包业的发展呢?本文旨在通过对我国服务外包业的发展现状进行综合分析,从宏观角度提出应对策略.     

公共图书馆地方文献工作

地方文献是在内容上涉及某一地区自然现象及社会现象的具有地方研究性质的文献。它是一个地区的政治沿革、经济发展、文化教育交流和社会事业发展以及地理状况和风俗民情等的综合反映,并且随着人类文明的进步而发展。地方文献工作开展情况如何直接影响到公共图书馆在当今信息时代中的地位和作用,因此,公共图书馆必须加强地方文献工作。