Mapping the benefits and costs associated with process innovation: The case of RFID adoption

The successful implementation of any innovation requires an understanding of its benefits and costs. This study examines the changes in the magnitude of costs and benefits associated with technology process innovation adoption as the innovation diffuses across different industries. Using RFID as an exemplar technology, the study shows that the magnitude of benefits and costs associated with technological process innovation adoption within different industries varies as technology diffuses beyond early adopters to the early majority. During the early stages of technology evolution, the development cost, the cost of capital, ethical costs and simple direct implementation costs (in the form of the cost of tags) predominate. As a dominant design emerges the profile of costs changes with the emphasis on initiation costs, more holistic direct implementation costs and indirect implementation costs. A similar change in the emphasis of benefits is observed, with a shift from direct to indirect benefits being noticeable as the technology moves from early adopters to early majority adopters. Our findings help to explain the difficulties in consistently measuring innovation outcomes observed in the innovation implementation literature, and emphasize the need to take into consideration the stage of technology development as a significant factor that influences the realised outcomes from innovation implementation.     

采用RFID技术的供应链分析——从技术和商业角度

本文较深入地分析了在供应链上采用射频识别（RFID）技术以及其应用所面临的挑战和产生的商业意义。预计未来数年RFID技术的应用会迅速增加,而目前在使用的RFID面临的主要障碍包括标准化、互操作性、成本和人们对其了解不足等。本文采用一种基于RFID技术的主要用途的分类框架模型描述了一套RFID系统的基本组成部分,主要包括电子标签、阅读器和天线,并列举实例说明了它们如何在供应链系统中协同工作。我们的分析表明,RFID的广泛采用需要克服相关技术人员不足、资源稀缺性、标准化、立法和财务等方面的挑战,以便在供应链管理中各参与企业能共享相关信息,导入数据仓库,实现业务整合,从而更高效地获得更多经济利益,提高市场竞争力。     

供应链环境下基于RFID和Multi-Agent的仓储管理系统研究

根据RFID技术和Multi—Agent技术的特点,结合前人对RFID技术或Multi—Agent技术在物流领域尤其是在供应链和仓库管理中的应用,文章将RFID技术、Multi—Agent技术和库存管理系统相结合,设计出一套集成的仓储管理系统框架。并提出了在供应链环境下基于该框架的网络图：最后指出,可以结合JADE平台技术做进一步开发。     

物联网原理与基于RFID的物物互联模式研究

在论述物联网原理基础上,分析物联网环境下的RFID技术、无线传感网络技术和GPS等主流信息识别技术,研究了基于RFID的物物互联模式和以RFID技术为主导的混合型物物互联模式,并探讨了不同互联模式下物联网功能实现的具体过程及其应用前景。     

Agent-based simulation approach for disaster rescue using active RFID

After the 2004 earthquake in Japan’sNiigata Prefecture, there were many difficulties finding the victims. The earthquake caused a wired network disconnection. In addition, fixed-phone and cell-phone service systems crashed due to the rapid increase in the volume of communications. The systems’ collapse was due to the large number of users who were worried about the safety of their relatives. The same situation happened during Hurricane Katrina in the USA. Reflecting on these situations, the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications is trying to adopt several methods to correct these communications problems. Although these methods have not been disclosed precisely yet, we think that a predominant goal of one of the methods is most likely to find victims using RFIDs (Radio Frequency Identification) with computer sensors. To do this, the RFID method would have to be incorporated in the following ways: 1) by scattering sensor devices from helicopters when a large-scale disaster such as an earthquake occurs, 2) by making RFIDs self-organized into a network, and 3) by making the self-organized network pinpoint the position of victims. A certain amount of field-testing may be necessary to confirm the effects of this plan. However, such testing requires a great amount of time and high costs. Therefore, we adopt an agent-based simulation for such a test. In this paper, we pay specific attention to a simple and assured algorithm for discovering victims using RFIDs. First, we explain our method to confirm the location of victims. Second, we explain our method for pinpointing the position of victims using trilateration. Finally, we present our simulation results.     

浅析RFID三大阻力及其解决之道

美国Eyefortransport公司的调查结果显示,影响RFID应用于物流管理的阻力中,最突出的三个因素是成本、标准和需求。本文介绍了目前阻碍RFID发展的三大阻力,分析了解决三大阻力切实可行的途径,最后对RFID的未来进行了展望。     

AT88RF256射频卡读写软件设计

AT88RF256-12是一款工作频率为125KHZ的RFID射频卡芯片.本文详细介绍AT88RF256-12射频卡芯片的性能特点及其操作方式,重点分析该射频卡芯片的读写程序设计,并给出部分关键程序代码.     

RFID电子标签在集装箱港站中的应用研究

RFID电子标签系统作为集装箱信息化的重要组成部分,在集装箱物流信息化中起着非常重要的作用。分析了有源和无源RFID电子标签的特点以及RFID在集装箱管理中的作用,探讨了RFID电子标签在集装箱的应用及管理方面存在的问题。最后,提出了一些RFID的发展措施及建议。     

物联网在我国流通领域应用前景分析

本文分析了国际上物联网在流通领域应用的情况及其在我国流通领域应用推进缓慢的原因,包括成本制约、信息化基础建设滞后、产业链尚未形成以及技术标准、安全隐私、商业模式等问题。本文研究表明,从未来发展前景来看,在国家政策引导和物联网产业快速发展的推动下,物联网技术在流通领域应用将逐步进入规模化、市场化、专业化发展阶段,呈现出RFID技术大规模应用、物联网技术集成应用等趋势,并创造“智慧流通”模式,促进流通业服务内容和形式的不断延伸。     

RFID软硬件策略分析(上)——选择系统集成商的策略

本文从系统集成商的角度分析了企业在应用RFID技术时普遍遇到的问题,提供了国外企业采用的解决方案和思路。