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71.
根据实际情况,我国政府调控个人收入分配,在财政政策方面,应加快完善社会保障制度,加大转移支付力度,缩小地区经济差距,加大扶贫投入的力度;在税收政策方面,应进一步完善个人所得税制度,适时开征遗产税与赠与税,加强特别消费税的作用,建立个人财产税制,适时开征社会保障税。 相似文献
72.
Asymmetric information has occupied a central role in theoretical microeconomics for almost two decades, but little has been done to ascertain when it matters in practice. The regulatory problem of promoting energy conservation offers an opportunity to ascertain if asymmetric information mattered and to what extent it altered outcomes. Regulators encouraged utilities to promote conservation, and while the regulators could observe conservation prices, they could not observe utilities' promotional efforts. A theoretical model of the regulatory asymmetric information problem yields propositions about the levels of conservation, prices and utility effort, and simulations with realistic parameters are used to determine asymmetric information's impact on these levels. 相似文献
73.
Michael J. Dueker Ada K. Jacox David E. Kalist Stephen J. Spurr 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2005,27(3):309-330
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of State regulation that determines the extent of professional independence of advanced practice nurses (APNs). We find that in States where APNs have acquired a substantial amount of professional independence, the earnings of APNs are substantially lower, and those of physicians assistants (PAs) are substantially higher, than in other States. These results are striking since PAs are in direct competition with APNs; the only real operational difference between these groups is that PAs are salaried employees who must work under the supervision of a physician. The implication is that physicians have responded to an increase in professional independence of APNs by hiring fewer APNs and more PAs. The finding that earnings of APNs decline when they attain more professional autonomy vis-à-vis physicians reinforces work by Sass and Nichols on physical therapists.The content is the responsibility of the authors and does
not represent official positions of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis or the Federal
Reserve SystemJEL classification: I11, I18, J31, J44, L51 相似文献
74.
From 1994 to 2003, New Zealands corporatized electricity lines networks operated with no industry regulator, but under the spotlight of mandatory information disclosure. As a result there exists a large body of detailed, audited and publicly available accounting data on the financial performance of these businesses. Using that data, this paper finds that price-cost margins have widened substantially since deregulation. We estimate the extent to which light-handed regulation has allowed profits to exceed the levels which would have been acceptable under the old rate-of-return regulatory framework, and find that the answer is about $200 million per year, on an ongoing basis.We thank colleagues at Victoria University, and two anonymous referees for this journal, for constructive comments on this paper. Any remaining errors are entirely our responsibility.JEL classification: D21; K23; L11; L43; L51 相似文献
75.
Using the big six Canadian chartered banks quarterly financial statements and daily stock market data from 1982 to 2018, we examine the impact of non-interest income on Canadian banks’ risk, performance and capital under the different major regulatory changes made to the Bank Act of Canada. Our results show that Canadian banks’ expansion into non-traditional activities had slightly decreased their risks and significantly improved their performance benefitting from income diversification. Moreover, while adhering to capital adequacy regulation, reshuffling banks’ portfolio towards non-traditional activities did not reduce Canadian banks’ capital ratio. In spite of the re-regulation towards universal banking against ring-fencing, this feature buttresses the effectiveness of capital adequacy regulation in Canada in linking banks capital allocation with their risk taking. 相似文献
76.
本文从货币当局无力同时控制利率和货币供给量的角度出发,探讨了利率管制与货币供给量中介目标之间的矛盾;分析了利率管制条件下,以货币供给量为货币政策中介目标,货币政策效果不佳,即实际货币供给量偏离中介目标货币供给量以及实际收入水平偏离最终目标收入水平的深层原因;指出了近年来我国货币供给量中介目标效果不佳,从根本上来说,是由我国客观存在的利率管制和货币供给量中介目标之间的矛盾造成的,是这种矛盾的必然结果. 相似文献
77.
Price caps have been shown to have incentive properties superior to traditional rate of return regulation. Average-revenue-lagged regulation (ARL) is attractive in that steady-state prices are known to be efficient. We show that the ARL scheme can be manipulated by the firm so as to yield the unregulated global profit maximum. While tests exist that can provide the regulator with evidence of this strategic behavior, we also demonstrate that the unregulated global profit maximum will not be attainable if Laspeyres (L) regulation is employed.Jel classification: L43, L51I would like to thank Michael Crew and an anonymous referee for their extremely helpful suggestions. 相似文献
78.
现代市场经济调节的"第三只手" 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
王克修 《上海市经济管理干部学院学报》2004,2(4):7-10
通常,我们把市场调节比喻为“看不见的手”,把宏观调控比喻为“看得见的手”。同时,可以把文化道德调节作为现代市场经济调节的“第三只手”。有了这三只手,现代市场经济才会健康协调地向前发展。 相似文献
79.
中国上市公司非公允关联交易的根源及治理对策建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国上市公司关联交易频繁发生且交易金额巨大,非公允关联交易普遍存在,问题公司常常通过非公允关联交易解决其存在的问题。随着监管力度的加强,关联交易和非公允关联交易会有所减少,但短期内无法根除长年沉积的痼疾,尤其是在关联交易多样化和非公允关联交易隐形化的情况下更是如此。因此,深刻剖析非公允关联交易存在的根源及其找出治理对策是急需解决的重大课题。 相似文献
80.
银行风险监管信息系统的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,商业银行大案要案频频发生,而且越来越严重,这其中,不仅有银行制度不健全、缺乏监管和内部腐败等原因,而且还有技术方面的原因,如信息系统不完善,信息技术利用不充分,数据库建设落后和信息交流共享不畅等。为此,应构建商业银行风险监管信息系统,开发工作由商业银行自主完成,系统开发及维护人员应与业务人员严格分离,系统应具备良好的外部接口,并不断加强对系统的维护。 相似文献