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71.
吴洪新 《南京财经大学学报》2004,(3):76-79
本文针对国际上出现的安然等破产事件和国内近期的德隆国际企业集团的财务危机,探讨财务风险价值管理在企业集团可持续发展过程中的功能与角色定位,并从以创造价值为导向的财务战略思想来构建企业集团财务竞争优势。 相似文献
72.
关于人力资源价值计量问题的探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
人力资源会计研究推动了劳动者权益理论的发展,但目前相关的会计核算理论与实践运用之间还有较大的距离,根本的原因是:人力资源价值计量这一“瓶颈”问题并未真正解决。本文在分析了当前相关研究中的难题及其原因的基础上认为:人才有价是因为人的素质有价、人力资源价值的内涵是素质的潜在价值、人力资源价值为个体的人所有并能够游离于任何单位之外。本文还探讨了采用修正的成本途径对个体人力资源价值进行评估的基本方法。 相似文献
73.
试论循环经济价值链及其运行 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
企业必须按照自然生态体系,将经济活动高效有序地组织成一个循环经济模式,实现以最小的资源消耗,最小的污染获取最大的发展效益。循环经济的正常运行,必须有价值链的支持,因此,循环型产业的价值形成机制是循环经济持续发展的关键。企业是实施循环经济的最终策动力和执行主体。因此,循环经济特别是循环经济价值链能否形成已成为企业持续发展的重要因素。 相似文献
74.
徐华康 《中小企业管理与科技》2021,(10):20-21
随着高新技术制造业的不断发展,作为技术密集型的高新技术制造业对于成本管理的标准越来越高。企业竞争不只是某个环节的竞争,确保每个环节的成本控制、提高整个价值链的综合竞争力才能使企业拥有更强的竞争力。基于价值链的成本管理模式成为企业提高市场竞争力的一大利器。论文分析了价值链成本管理模式的理论和特征,以及现今理论的应用和结果,提出使用新型成本管理模式所要面临的困难与挑战,并对此提出部分建议。 相似文献
75.
李俊杰 《中小企业管理与科技》2021,(8)
随着我国经济的快速发展,人们的生活质量得到改善,汽车保有量逐年递增。汽车修理工作的重要性日益突显,甚至成为影响社会发展的主要因素。在汽车修理工作中,一是要合理选择汽车维修技术;二是要重视汽车的危害因素,如环境污染。所以工作人员应该合理应用绿色维修技术,减少污染问题的出现。论文主要阐述在汽车处理中绿色维修技术的应用价值,仅供参考。 相似文献
76.
Socioeconomic predictors of forest use values in the Peruvian Amazon: A potential tool for biodiversity conservation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Conservation is a crisis discipline requiring rapid action with limited funds. This study examines the potential of socioeconomic variables to predict forest use values. If natural resource use can be predicted from socioeconomic data, conservation planners could rapidly identify and focus conservation programs on the sectors of local populations that most intensively utilize local flora and fauna. Families in three communities in the northern Peruvian Amazon were surveyed over a 6-month period. Data were collected on use of flora and fauna from six locally determined use categories (food, medicine and poisons, wood, weavings, adornments, and “other”) in forest types of three age classes (fallow fields—very young forests, young secondary forests, and old secondary forests). Forest use values were the dependant variables calculated in $/ha/year. Socioeconomic variables included: age, education, family size, residence time, land worked, land owned, number of fishing nets, chickens, pigs, cows, and/or mules owned (all proxies for productive assets), and level of ecological knowledge (ability of informants to correctly identify forest species and answer basic questions about their biology). Ordinary least square multiple regressions were run independently for each forest type. Regressions were also run separately for the two most valuable use categories, food and wood. Low R2 adjusted values (all < 0.3) reflect the difficulty in predicting human behavior due to confounding variables and complex interactions. Residence time and a household's community of residence were the most significant predictors of forest use values. Households in Vista Alegre, the community with the highest density of people and smallest landholdings per household, extracted the highest value of forest products per hectare. The longer a family stayed in any community the higher the value of forest goods they extracted. If families that lived in an area longest are the most intensive extractors of forest products, they should be a major focus for conservation programming. In addition, the higher value of products extracted from forests by some families may make them more open to strategies seeking to protect long-term viability of the resources they utilize. The importance of residence time also indicates that planners need to account for changes in the resource use patterns of stakeholders over time. 相似文献
77.
Kyu Sang Lee 《Experimental Economics》2005,8(2):171
This dissertation aims at elucidating the history of Vernon Smith’s experimental economics by focusing its attention upon the three themes of rationality, minds and machines that assumed significance at different (albeit overlapping) stages of the development of Smith’s experimental economics with the help of his published and unpublished papers.Chapter 1 is devoted to the scrutiny of the form of rationality incorporated into the portions of Smith’s laboratory experiments whose results have usually been taken as corroborations of his “Hayek Hypothesis.” By bringing into the foreground Smith’s definite position on demand theory and its concrete instantiations on many different occasions, we make the case that Smith has consistently imposed by means of the induced value theory certain narrowly defined preference structures that have definite implications for the form of rationality instantiated in the laboratory.The main narrative in Chapter 2 concerns Smith’s intellectual interchanges with behavioral scientists in the early 1960s, more specifically, his reactions to behavioral scientists’ attempts at cognitive modeling. We present several reasons for interpreting Smith’s initiation of the attempt at the maximization-based induced value theory as an endeavor to discipline subjects’ minds. We also provide in Chapter 2 a portrayal of Smith’s missed opportunities to get involved in the large-scale laboratory experimentation projects pursued in the 1950s in close connection with several branches of psychology.Chapter 3 consists of two parts. In Part 1, we describe the origin of mechanism design economics, and offer a detailed explanation of the analytical kinship between Smith’s “microeconomic system theory” and the standard conceptual framework utilized in mechanism design economics. Part 2 is devoted to describing the roles played by the computer in both Smith’s empirical research agenda and the theoretical, mechanism design research pursued by Stanley Reiter (one of Smith’s intellectual companions since the 1950s). Our historical narrative in Chapter 3 is intended to clarify that computer experience and computational theory drove the development of Reiter’ version of mechanism design economics, and that they also (partially) shaped some crucial events in the history of Smith’s version of experimental economics.JEL Classification: B21, B31, C90, C92, D02Prof. Philip E. Mirowski: Advisor 相似文献
78.
Summary. We examine how irreversible capital reduces the possibility of a duopoly to sustain implicit collusion by grim strategies,
when the product is homogenous and firms compete in quantities. Compared with the case of reversible capital, there are two
countervailing effects: Deviation from an existing collusion is less attractive, because capital once installed causes costs
forever. But the punishment will also be less severe due to the high capacity the deviating firm can build before punishment
starts. The last effect dominates, meaning that the commitment value of capital is negative for all firms. If capital is irreversible,
collusion breaks down for realistic magnitudes of interest rates.
Received: April 30, 1999; revised version: November 30, 2001 相似文献
79.
J.K. Horowitz 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2002,21(3):241-258
Environmental economics has been much occupied with the discount rate, which is the value of future costs and benefits relative to present costsor benefits. But at least as important is the question of whatshould be discounted, that is, what the value of those future environmentalbenefits is to future generations. This paper analyzes the role for futurepreferences and discusses the state of knowledge. I argue that theappropriate discount rate is the market one, and that the real problemis determining future willingness-to-pay. This approach makes clearerthe connection between discounting and the valuation debate.This paper focuses on two features that have been prominent in that debate:existence value and reference dependence. I argue that thereis a vital connection between the two constructs and that this link yieldsimportant implications for future willingness-to-pay. 相似文献
80.
This paper focuses on problems associated with nonresponse in Contingent Valuation surveys. The results from a telephone follow-up survey show that value inference can be considerably improved by information on nonrespondents' attitudes. 相似文献