全文获取类型
收费全文 | 59042篇 |
免费 | 1863篇 |
国内免费 | 1059篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 5041篇 |
工业经济 | 2418篇 |
计划管理 | 11829篇 |
经济学 | 10281篇 |
综合类 | 11722篇 |
运输经济 | 343篇 |
旅游经济 | 952篇 |
贸易经济 | 7640篇 |
农业经济 | 4058篇 |
经济概况 | 7678篇 |
信息产业经济 | 2篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 174篇 |
2023年 | 616篇 |
2022年 | 793篇 |
2021年 | 1151篇 |
2020年 | 1496篇 |
2019年 | 971篇 |
2018年 | 912篇 |
2017年 | 1023篇 |
2016年 | 1112篇 |
2015年 | 1413篇 |
2014年 | 3359篇 |
2013年 | 3877篇 |
2012年 | 4673篇 |
2011年 | 6101篇 |
2010年 | 4482篇 |
2009年 | 4032篇 |
2008年 | 4597篇 |
2007年 | 4372篇 |
2006年 | 4314篇 |
2005年 | 3200篇 |
2004年 | 2286篇 |
2003年 | 1864篇 |
2002年 | 1211篇 |
2001年 | 1092篇 |
2000年 | 721篇 |
1999年 | 357篇 |
1998年 | 179篇 |
1997年 | 191篇 |
1996年 | 138篇 |
1995年 | 79篇 |
1994年 | 65篇 |
1993年 | 75篇 |
1992年 | 51篇 |
1991年 | 39篇 |
1990年 | 39篇 |
1989年 | 27篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 174篇 |
1984年 | 192篇 |
1983年 | 137篇 |
1982年 | 99篇 |
1981年 | 56篇 |
1980年 | 73篇 |
1979年 | 45篇 |
1978年 | 36篇 |
1977年 | 23篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
The effects of unit non-response on survey errors are of great concern to researchers.However, direct assessment of non-response bias in survey estimates is rarely possible.Attempts are often made to adjust for the effects of non-response by weighting, but thisusually relies on the use of frame data or external population data, which are at bestmodestly correlated with the survey variables. This paper reports the development ofa method to collect limited survey data from non-respondents to personal interviewsurveys and a large-scale field test of the method on the British Crime Survey (BCS).The method is shown to be acceptable and low cost, to provide valid data, and to haveno detrimental effect on the main survey. The use of the resultant data to estimatenon-response bias is illustrated and some substantive conclusions are drawn for the BCS. 相似文献
42.
培养创新型人才是高等职业教育的神圣使命,在创新型人才培养中,必须做好转变观念齐抓共育,创造条件加强实践,建立机制引导创新,以点带面不断完善,勇于探索不断创新。 相似文献
43.
我国自然垄断产业的民营化改革 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在自然垄断产业,国有企业垄断经营低效是一个世界性的问题。自然垄断产业在一定范围内具有可竞争性,即使是在不可竞争性的领域,也可以通过建立潜在的竞争性替代机制,形成模拟竞争环境。自然垄断产业的可竞争性为民营化提供了可能。自然垄断产业民营化就是通过产权制度变革,提高垄断企业的效率。 相似文献
44.
Calvyn Potgieter 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2004,14(3):205-218
In this article the impact of technology education, as a new learning area (subject) in the curriculum, on in-service teacher
education in South Africa is described in order to ascertain the extent of the impact. The research on which this article
is based draws on a variety of experiences and observations in the field at grassroots level (in particular an outreach project
in rural communities). The envisaged impact of technology education on South African schools, communities, teacher educators
and teachers, the range of in-service teacher education that is required, and the impacts in urban and rural areas are discussed.
Finally a number of concluding remarks are made about the extent of the impact of the inclusion of technology education in
the new National Curriculum Statement and whether the situation has changed since the implementation of a pilot technology
education project in 1998.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
45.
立足政府需要,从侧面对当前政府职能转变过程进行分析和探讨,希望以政府本身作为理性实体的运作为基础,对该问题进行解释。 相似文献
46.
This paper compares the approximation capabilities of the minflex-Laurents translog and minflex generalized Leontief cost functions with their translog and generalized Leontief counterparts in Monte Carlo experiments. The minflex Laurent specifications generally provided closer approximations to underlying technical and economic parameters. Imposition of nonlinear restrictions on some of the parameters of the minflex Laurent models yielded measurable improvement in estimated elasticities of substitutions, returns to scale, and rates of technical change.The refereeing process of this paper was handled through E. Appelbaum. 相似文献
47.
We give an example of a subspace K of such that , where denotes the closure with respect to convergence in probablity. On the other hand, the cone C ≔ K − L ∞ + is dense in L ∞ with respect to the weak-star topology σ( L ∞ , L 1 ) . This example answers a question raised by I. Evstigneev. The topic is motivated by the relation of the notion of no arbitrage and the existence of martingale measures in Mathematical Finance. 相似文献
48.
刘凡 《西安财经学院学报》2004,17(2):71-74
董事会中心主义的确立,董事义务与责任体系的完备,使得对董事利益的保护成为公司经营管理效率提高的必要前提。如何建立符合中国实际的董事利益保护机制是摆在法学研究者面前一个紧迫而重要的课题。 相似文献
49.
我国建筑业目前正处于加入WTO后的3~5年的过渡期,国内建筑市场国际化的趋势使工程索赔问题必须与国际惯例接轨,从国际工程惯例出发,详细论述了银行保函的种类及其在业主反索赔过程中的重要作用,为业主提供了一种可以借鉴的工程项目管理方式。 相似文献
50.
Lead markets, innovation differentials and growth 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marian Beise 《International Economics and Economic Policy》2005,1(4):305-328
This article suggests that the specialization of countries in international trade is determined by the lead-lag market pattern of national markets. Many internationally successful innovations have been adopted first in one country while other countries initially either preferred other designs or an established product. A model for the international diffusion of innovations is presented in which nationally preferred innovation designs compete to become a globally dominant design. In this model, there are country-specific market attributes that increase the likelihood that the choice a country makes among alternative technologies is followed around the world. It is argued that technological knowledge gaps are not the origin of an international competitive advantage. Instead, a country gains a competitive advantage because a specific innovation design was adopted earlier than in any other country. This gives local firms a head start in producing, gathering marketing intelligence and securing the property rights of a globally successful innovation. In countries with lag market characteristics, domestic innovations are less likely to get adopted worldwide. Lag markets often switch from a domestic innovation design to a foreign innovation design, which increases imports. The lead-lag market explanation of trade specialization has implications for national policies. In this model domestic innovations do not always foster exports; idiosyncratic innovations induced by lag market contexts can hamper the export chances of local firms and in the end lead to an increase in imports. It is suggested that in order to increase exports, national policies have to distinguish between a domestic lead and lag market context in each industry. While in a lead market context, traditional policy instruments that enhance the rate of innovations are effective, in a lag market situation national follower strategies are more appropriate. 相似文献