Are Securitizations in Substance Sales or Secured Borrowings? Capital‐Market Evidence*

Two standard‐setting approaches have emerged globally to guide the choice of accounting for securitizations: the control and components approach (SFAS No. 125 and SFAS No. 140) and the risks and rewards transfer approach (IAS No. 39). A lack of consensus about derecognition accounting is a major impediment to achieving convergence in global standards that must be resolved. Thus, both SFAS No. 140 and IAS No. 39 will be reexamined, and evidence pertinent to the debate is timely and important. In this study, we present evidence consistent with the view of credit‐rating analysts, who view many securitizations as, in substance, secured borrowings. Specifically, for a sample of originators applying sale accounting guidance in SFAS No. 125 / 140 during the period 1997‐2003, we show that off‐balance‐sheet debt related to securitizations has, on average, the same risk‐relevance for explaining market measures of risk (that is, CAPM beta) as on‐balance‐sheet debt. We also find that, in a returns and earnings association framework, the pricing multiple on securitization gains declines as the amount of off‐balance‐sheet debt increases, implying that investors take off‐balance‐sheet debt into account when assessing the valuation‐relevance of such gains. For those who advocate the control and components approach to securitization accounting, our results suggest that, at least for frequent securitizers, the put option arising from implicit recourse is a “missing piece” that is not currently accounted for when calculating securitization gains. Our results challenge the extant measurement standards in SFAS No. 140.     

对商誉的再探讨

商誉是无形资产中最为特殊的组成内容，过去人们封其性质和构成有不同的看法。在知识经济时代的今天，无形资产的性质和范畴认识得到深入，商誉的构成内容与无形资产的泉多组成内容有很多相同之处，商誉的实质就是多项未入账无形资产的总和。商誉的确认与计量问题也就转换为对企业自创无形资产的确认与计量，知识经济下应确认和计量对描述企业财务状况起关键作用的自创无形资产。但在不确定和充满风险的经济环境下，应积极稳妥地确认自创无形资产。自创无形资产的计量可按不同特点选择采用成本基础定价法、市场基础定价法、经济定价法。     

Party alternation,divided government,and fiscal performance within US States

The literature on US state government fiscal performance has examined the role of institutional factors such as budget rules and divided government, but has largely ignored the impact of party alternation. This paper primarily focuses on whether party alternation in the governor’s office affects fiscal performance. Our hypothesis is that frequent party changes create a political environment that impacts fiscal performance. To further assess the impact of party alternation on fiscal performance, we consider our primary hypothesis in conjunction with the degree of division that exists between the governor’s office and the legislature. Using panel data from 37 states between 1971 and 2000 we test the hypothesis that frequent party alternation can be expected to affect fiscal performance and find strong support for the hypothesis. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2005 Public Choice Society Meetings. The authors would like to thank the conference participants, William Shughart, Charles Register, Jocelyn Evans, John D. Jackson, Amihai Glazer, and two anonymous referees for their comments. We would also like to thank Craig R. Stiller for his help in the collection of data. Any remaining errors remain the responsibility of the authors.     

自然资源会计的理论框架构想

本文旨在探讨自然资源资产的界定,并构建一个自然资源会计的理论框架以及分析其未来研究趋势。     

对我国金融资产管理公司转型的思考

经过5年多的发展,我国金融资产管理公司(AMC)到现在面临转型。本文分析了我国金融资产管理公司转型的必然性,就转型的路径选择做出三种预测,以及对金融资产管理公司转型提出一些准备。     

国有资产管理体制改革中需要理清的几个关系

党的十六大报告对国有资产管理体制改革的原则和方向做了明确的规定,但是,其有效的执行还需要理清以下几个关系:国有资产管理体制改革与国有企业改革的关系;国资委与其它政府部门的关系;国资委与国有控股公司的关系;中央国资委与地方国资委的关系;国有控股公司与国有企业的关系。     

论事业单位资产预算管理模式的完善

事业单位国有资产是事业单位提供公共服务的重要资源基础，是事业单位行使职能和正常运营的必要条件。但是，我国的预算管理模式迄今为止仍然是以投入控制为重点的传统管理模式。借鉴发达国家预算管理模式转变过程中加强政府资产管理的经验，提出改善我国事业单位资产管理，必须从改进预算管理模式方面着手，从控制支出逐步向绩效导向转变，从简单预算收支管理向全面财务管理转变，从单一预算控制向建立内部激励和内、外部监督相结合的绩效管理机制转变。     

知识经济条件下企业无形资产管理探讨

在知识经济时代,无形资产对社会经济进步的促进作用日益明显,对企业生存与发展的贡献,也更为突出,对无形资产开发、利用程度的高低将直接影响企业的经济利益。     

上市公司资产重组市场效应的实证分析

从市场效应的角度来揭示重大资产重组事件对公司价值的影响。通过对2000-2003年中国上市公司的187个资产重组事件的平均股价和累计非正常收益率实证分析表明，市场对上市公司的重大资产重组有强烈的超前反应，资产重组给公司带来了一定的价值提升。     

浅谈医院无形资产的管理

在当今时代，无形资产已成为一项重要的经济资源。本文探讨了医院无形资产的性质、特征及核算内容等，指出医院管理者应提高对无形资产的认识，采取具体有效的管理措施，充分发挥无形资产的巨大威力。