Evidence of the impacts of public e-procurement: The Portuguese experience

This paper analyses public e-procurement implementation and emphasizes its main difficulties and impacts in relation to the type of public organizations. The primary impacts and changes in the Portuguese public sector are analyzed within the new legal framework, which adopts mandatory e-procurement for any open, restricted or negotiated procedure. In this sense, two surveys carried out in consecutive years were conducted to assess the implementation difficulties and impact of e-procurement in the Portuguese public sector.The major value of this research is that it presents and discusses, for the first time, evidences about difficulties and impacts on the mandatory adoption of public e-procurement, based on the case of Portugal. The results show that the entities’ administrative level influences the e-procurement implementation, which is influenced by the innovation adoption process.     

Supply constraints and housing market dynamics

Although the volatility of house prices is often ascribed to demand-side factors, constraints on housing supply have important and little-studied implications for housing dynamics. I illustrate the strong relationship between the volatility of house prices and the regulation of new housing supply. I then employ a dynamic structural model of housing investment to investigate the mechanisms underlying this relationship. I find that supply constraints increase volatility through two channels: First, regulation lowers the elasticity of new housing supply by increasing lags in the permit process and adding to the cost of supplying new houses on the margin. Second, geographic limitations on the area available for building houses, such as steep slopes and water bodies, lead to less investment on average relative to the size of the existing housing stock, leaving less scope for the supply response to attenuate the effects of a demand shock. My estimates and simulations confirm that regulation and geographic constraints play critical and complementary roles in decreasing the responsiveness of investment to demand shocks, which in turn amplifies house price volatility.     

会展供应链结构优化模型构建与系统优化

考虑到中国会展产业的迅速发展和供应链管理特点,本文基于制造供应链和服务供应链管理理论,结合会展产业自身特征,在对会展供应链进行定义的基础上,构建会展供应链结构优化模型,并针对该优化模型提出具体的优化内容和措施。研究表明,会展供应链融合了制造供应链和服务供应链的特性和内容,其绩效提高的关键在于优化自身组织结构、实现参与主体的信息共享并约束参与主体的行为。     

ebXML与RosettaNet模式的供应链系统比较

比较了ebXML和RosettaNet两种模式下基于web的供应链信息系统的框架,从供应链的组织结构和信息结构角度分析其实施过程和效率影响,并结合中国企业信息化进程提出了实施供应链信息系统的建议。     

供应链核心企业优势生成的理论研究

企业间竞争逐步由个体企业的竞争转变为供应链的竞争,在供应链中培育企业优势和权威地位 成为核心企业整合供应链资源的基础,本文综述了企业的内外部优势源泉,供应链网络中企业的优势源变化 以及目前研究的不足。     

劳动者视角:企业职业安全保障供给不足之机理分析

当前我国职业伤害事故正处于高发的态势,职业安全保障已成为国内学界关注的热点。基于劳动者视角,将职业安全保障看作特殊商品由企业供给,需求方为劳动者,剖析了当前我国企业在职业安全保障方面供给不足的机理,并给出了相应的改进措施。     

会计准则的供给与需求

会计信息是一种典型的公共物品,由于存在“市场失灵”、“政府失灵”,无法从根本上回答是政府制定会计准则还是由民间机构制定准则。从准则的供需角度出发,我国会计准则与美国以及国际会计准则的不同具有必然性,因为供给与需求不同,导致各国会计目标不完全相同。目标如不一致,所采用的会计政策与会计方法就会有侧重。     

论国际资本流动的货币冲击效应

在我国现行的有管理浮动汇率制度下，国际资本流动通过储备资产的变动、资本外逃等途径对中央银行基础货币投放量发生冲击，这种冲击影响着货币政策的有效性，为增强中央银行对货币供应量的控制能力，应该从操作资产、操作目标、操作手段三个方面改善公开市场业务，提高冲销操作的有效性。     

论货币供应量作为我国货币政策中介目标的有效性

本文把理论分析与实证分析相结合,运用协整检验、VEC模型和方差分解方法分析了1996年以来我国货币供应量、物价和产出的季度时间序列,论证了货币供应量与物价、产出间具有较强的相关性。从货币供应量的构成分析,基础货币具有较强的可控性;货币乘数可控性较差,但对货币乘数可以利用ARMA模型进行较为准确的预测。由此,本文得出的结论是货币供应量具有较强的可控性,从而有理由认为,货币供应量作为我国货币政策的中介目标在现阶段仍然是有效的。     

后金融危机的货币供给过剩及其效应

本文针对我国货币政策的操作特征,使用阈值协整方法扩展现有的货币需求模型,度量后金融危机时期的货币供给过剩及其对通胀与经济增长的非线性调节效应,并进而设定广义脉冲响应函数揭示货币供给过剩对通胀与经济增长的冲击效应。主要结论为:2009年第三季度以后,我国货币供给过剩且过剩幅度快速增加,其中名义M1过剩12.56%,名义M2过剩11.31%。2009Q3—2010Q3我国处于货币供给过剩机制下,在该机制下,央行谨慎地实施从紧货币政策,从紧货币政策对通胀和经济增长的调节效应相对较强。货币供给过剩对通胀和经济增长的冲击在前2年为正值,在随后近3年为负值。这说明我国现阶段适度宽松货币政策的退出必须谨慎,退出速度不宜过快。