持久收入假说与我国城镇居民消费——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

运用基于持久收入和暂时收入的两种分解方法的省际面板模型检验持久收入假说的三个假设.结果发现,我国城镇居民消费与持久收入和暂时收入均存在显著的相关关系,暂时收入的边际消费倾向不为零;就诸省份而言,暂时收入的边际消费倾向不同.进一步探讨了持久收入假说不能完全解释我国城镇居民消费行为的原因."λ假说"检验表明,城镇居民消费对当期收入过度敏感,其呈现理性化趋势.     

中国企业海外投资态势与布局差异性分析

随着中国经济的高速增长,中国的企业在加速了国际化过程。本研究以中国企业在全球对外投资的宏观数据和中国国际贸易促进委员会针对1104家企业有效问卷进行分析,探讨中国企业海外的发展情况、布局特征及其差异性影响因素。中国企业海外投资数量和规模在近几年快速成长、目的地和投资产业出现多元化的特征。但是中国企业在海外投资不同的行业和区域存在着一定的差异性。总体而言,长三角地区的企业对外投资规模比较均衡,但侧重于制造业为主;京津唐地区的企业海外投资侧重金融等服务业,单笔投资规模比较大。信息通信技术、建筑、纺织和机械行业的企业对外投资相对程度较高;各行业投资以东南亚居多;机械、信息技术和生物制药行业企业以获取海外知识为主,其它行业以获取海外市场、资源为主。最后提出促进中国企业海外投资的政策建议。     

“限购令”是抑制房价上涨的有效政策工具吗？

2010年以来我国政府实施的五次房地产宏观调控中,以数量管制性质的“限购令”最为严苛,“限购令”对近年来我国住宅价格快速上涨趋势产生了怎样的效果？本文按照户籍和限购地域两个标准对限购政策了进行细分,在倍差法的研究框架内,通过动态面板模型GMM估计来评估限购政策细则对抑制住宅价格上涨的效果。实证研究发现：(1)对非户籍购房人实施限购的政策效果最为明显;(2)限购范围影响政策效果,仅在市区范围内限购难以起到抑制房价上涨的作用。通过对限购政策效果的评估,本文认为,投资(投机)性需求是推动我国住宅价格上升的重要力量,我国房地产泡沫的根源在于我国粗放的经济增长方式,通过货币超发带动经济增长的发展模式是房地产泡沫的根源所在,也是我国房地产市场调控的难度所在。     

要素市场扭曲、区域差异与R&D投入

本文利用要素市场扭曲指数及中国高技术产业1997～2009年省际面板数据,考察了要素市场扭曲对R&D投入的影响及区域差异。结果表明,要素市场扭曲对R&D资本投入和R&D人力投入有着不同的影响,抑制了R&D资本投入增长,促进了R&D人力投入;而且其对两者的影响都存在着显著的区域差异。在此基础上,运用门槛检验方法对这种区域差异的影响因素进行了探讨,研究发现,在区域经济发展水平、人力资本水平、财政收入、产权结构和对外开放程度等因素的不同门槛值区间,要素市场扭曲对高技术产业R&D投入的影响程度和方向都存在着明显的差异。     

基于税基差异分析的企业所得税与会计制度协调与对策

所得税法与会计制度的差异是由税法目标与会计目标的分离所决定的,比较、分析、研究二者间的差异亦具有十分重要的意义。本文从理论上归纳出会计制度与企业所得税法间的差异,探讨了企业所得税及其与会计制度差异存在的问题,并对所得税改革与会计制度协调提出政策性建议。     

城市科技创新人才政策扩散动力因素时空差异研究

科技创新人才是城市提升创新能力的核心资源,是科技进步的关键要素。科技创新人才政策作为城市争夺人才的工具,被各个城市广泛采纳和使用。以161个城市为研究对象,运用事件史分析方法,探寻城市科技创新人才政策扩散的动力因素并进行时空差异分析。研究发现,城市科技创新人才政策扩散具有双重动力因素：在需求拉动因素中,经济发展水平和财政收入是影响城市科技创新人才政策扩散的主要因素;在压力推动因素中,行政指令、府际竞争和社会舆论显著影响城市科技创新人才政策扩散;在政策扩散平稳增长期,双重动力因素共同作用于政策扩散过程,而在政策扩散加速和减速增长期,城市科技创新人才政策扩散动力因素存在差异;在东、中部地区,压力推动因素占据主导,而在西部地区,双重动力因素都发挥重要作用。     

山东省城市竞争力空间差异及其影响因素的初步研究

在界定城市竞争力概念的基础上,构建城市竞争力评价模型,运用主成分分析方法,探讨山东17地市城市竞争力的空间差异,并对城市竞争力空间差异的影响因素进行了分析.     

The impact of temporary uses on property prices: the example of food trucks

Food trucks represent a temporary use of vacant or underutilised land. They have been assumed to increase the livability, vibrancy and attractiveness of a neighbourhood. However, no previous study has investigated whether this effect is reflected in property prices within the surrounding neighbourhood. We investigate the impact of a food truck pod on the values of single-family homes nearby. Using a quasi-experimental design, transaction data from Portland, Oregon and a difference-in-difference specification of a spatial regression model, we find that food trucks actually represent a negative externality, and that proximity of a home to food trucks is penalised by homebuyers. The closer a home is to the food trucks, the lower is the sales price. Explanations for this effect include increased parking shortages and trash issues in a neighbourhood due to food truck visitors.     

Effects of complexity on the success of temporary organizations: Relationship quality and transparency as substitutes for formal coordination mechanisms

The organizational literature has considered complexity as an important factor influencing organizations. More recently, the degree of dissemination of temporary organizations (TOs) increased and today TOs can be found in almost every industry. This corresponds to an augmenting treatment in the literature where TOs are often described as appropriate means to cope with complexity. Yet, few empirical studies to date have analyzed the effects of complexity on the success of TOs. This paper considers three prevalent types of complexity (structural, task, temporal) and integrates two factors (relationship quality, transparency) which are hypothesized to mediate the influence of complexity on the efficiency and effectiveness of TOs. We test the hypothesis using a sample of knowledge-intensive consulting projects. The results show that TOs possess a high degree of “complexity resistance” and are therefore particularly suited for solving unique and complex problems. Of the three types of complexity considered, only structural complexity significantly influences efficiency and effectiveness of TOs. Relationship quality and transparency act as mediators on this effect and can be used to mitigate negative effects of complexity.     

Part-time employment in Hong Kong: a gendered phenomenon?

In recent years, part-time employment in Hong Kong has grown considerably. Unlike Western industrialized countries where women play an overwhelming role in this form of employment, in Hong Kong a large proportion (44 per cent) of part-time workers are male. This study addresses the extent, patterns and trends in part-time employment in Hong Kong. In addition, it examines gender differences (such as age pattern, marital status, sectoral and occupational distribution) in this form of employment. Statistical analysis of survey data reveals that certain socio-demographic variables have differential effects on participation in part-time work for men and women. Finally, practical implications and future research directions are discussed.