民办高校组织扁平化与系部目标管理责任制

根据教育部《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》,以科学发展观为指导,遵循高校发展规律,创新体制机制,破解发展难题,针对民办高校内涵建设,针对传统的"金字塔"式层级管理体制存在的问题和矛盾,如机构臃肿、人浮于事、效率低下等体制弊端,积极推行民办高校组织扁平化管理。突破组织和管理的体制瓶颈,管理重心下移,简政放权,通过减少管理层级,压缩职能部门和机构,使决策层和操作层之间的中间管理层级尽可能减少,突出系部管理主体地位,推行系部扁平化管理的目标管理责任制,提高合作沟通和执行力,提升快速反应能力,营造富有弹性的新型的高校管理模式,提高管理工作效率。     

基于金融生态的新型农村金融机构发展障碍与对策

金融生态是由金融生态主体、金融生态环境与金融生态调节构成的有机系统。目前,新型农村金融机构发展较为缓慢,制约其可持续发展的障碍因素从金融生态主体方面看主要是经营人才缺乏、资金来源不足、创新能力不足和盈利能力有限,从金融生态环境方面看主要是农村信用体系不完善和群众认知程度低,从金融生态调节上看主要是自身内部调节与社会外部调节机制均不健全。为推进新型农村金融机构进一步发展,需要健全其金融生态主体,优化其金融生态环境和健全其金融生态调节机制。     

事业单位预算管理演变的制度思考

本文从经济学角度对我国事业单位的预算管理进行了理性思考,并通过对预算管理演变历程的考察,明晰我国事业单位预算管理的发展路径,进而提出未来改革的方向。     

我国农村机构改革存在问题及改革策略研究

我国农村机构经过了一系列的改革,总体上仍存在不少问题,主要表现为:农村机构改革的进程缓慢;农村机构改革不配套;在改革的内容上存在偏颇;乡镇政府职能的越位、缺位与错位。下一步改革的策略是:实现事权和财权的统一;推进县、乡、村联动改革;推进乡镇事业单位改革;改革干部政绩考核制度。     

系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度：历史与未来方向

系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度是后金融危机时代国际金融监管领域的重要理论和实践问题。探讨了系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度的重要性,在此基础上,梳理了系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度路径的历史演变,主要包括存款保险制度与最后贷款人机制。最后,讨论了“太大而不能倒”危机管理理念的缺陷,指出完善系统重要性金融机构危机监管制度的紧迫性及其最新发展趋势。     

The Limitations of Karl Marx' Social Economics ∗

Studies of the relationship between political democracy and economic inequality have produced diverse findings. This study attempts to mitigate some conceptual and methodological problems inherent in such studies by using multi-indicator concepts of inclusive democracy and economic inequality. Data from the five major historically and culturally homogeneous South Asian countries covering 1980–2003 suggest some bidirectional, positive relationship between inclusive democracy and economic inequality indicating that democracy and equality may not be fully compatible in this region. The paper offers contextual explanations and some mechanisms that may have led to these findings for the region, somewhat deviating from the conventional arguments.     

Trade Unions and Consumerism

Public pension systems have long been a focus of special attention by neoclassical economics. In a context of intense aging processes, mainstream economists argue that the replacement of the pay-as-you-go pensions systems by unfunded individual savings accounts will have a positive impact, at a microeconomic and at a macroeconomic level, and will protect pension systems of the negative consequences of aging. However, these conclusions depend dramatically on the assumptions of rational expectations and perfect information. When we accept the existence of uncertainty, the presumed positive consequences of these reforms disappear, showing the advantages of pay-as-you-go over funded pension systems.     

The Emptiness of Peasant “Rationality”: “Demirationality” as an Alternative

This article discusses consumption as a social process that is part of social provisioning and is in an evolutionary interplay with other social processes. The analysis provides grounds for a context-specific research that explores consumption in the context of a culture-nature life process, and draws on material from various disciplines. The article seeks to contribute to the literature on social provisioning as an organizing concept in heterodox economics. The first section explains what is meant by social process and delineates its elements. The second section formulates a categorization of social processes, and locates a consumption process within a system of culture-nature life processes. The rest of the article delineates the elements of the consumption process, providing illustrations based on literature from various disciplines. Specifically, the third section discusses consumption activities. The fourth section discusses institutions and systems of provision of goods and services. The fifth section applies the concept of habits of life and thought to the consumption process. Finally, the article concludes that the formulated analysis transcends dualisms such as social-economic, cultural-material, society-nature, and micro-macro, and draws implications for heterodox economics.     

Institutionalism and the New Classical Economics

Neoliberalism has transformed markets supplying public goods. Analysis of five real-world Australian markets reveals the eligibility rules for access and ongoing participation, interaction of participants, the role of intermediaries and government, the extent of competition, complex regulatory regimes shaping and controlling these markets, and key market outcomes. Contrary to neoliberalism's free market rhetoric and the view promulgated by mainstream economics, a spectrum of market configurations and governance regimes were found along with participation being highly dependent on technology access and skills, market outcomes inconsistent with policy rhetoric, market interrelationships posing adverse cumulative impacts, and government is strongly interventionist through multiple roles.     

Sen and Commons on Markets and Freedom

Amartya Sen's enlarged conception of freedom has augmented the scope of economic analysis but it also has had the surprising effect of being more supportive of the free market than conventional welfare economics. It is argued here that a comparison of Sen's position with that of the American institutionalist, J R Commons, highlights some problems with Sen's approach and points to possible ways in which they might be addressed.