保险公司能否向试驾人行使代位求偿权

试驾人驾驶汽车销售公司所有的汽车,因试驾人的过错发生交通事故,需要区分不同的险种来确定保险人对试驾人是否享有代位求偿权.简言之,在车辆损失保险中,保险人对试驾人享有代位求偿权;而在责任保险中,保险人对试驾人一般不享有代位求偿权.     

Economic and environmental concerns in planning recyclable waste collection systems

This paper addresses the planning of recyclable waste collection systems while accounting for economic and environmental concerns. Service areas and vehicle routes are defined for logistics networks with multiple depots where different products are collected. The problem is modeled as a multi-product, multi-depot vehicle routing problem with two objective functions: distance and CO₂ emissions minimization. A decomposition solution method is developed and applied to a real case study. Six scenarios regarding different service areas and objective functions are studied. Savings of up to 22% in distance and 27% in CO₂ emissions are achieved, exceeding economic and environmental goals.     

A real options reasoning approach to hybrid vehicle investments

Long term increases of petrol prices and the threat of a global climate change have created in the automotive industry a new competitive environment based on the development of more sustainable technologies. Using the real option reasoning lens we provide a theoretical framework to better account for the technological and market uncertainties and irreversibilities that impact the investment and innovation decisions of automotive firms supporting the development of more sustainable vehicle technologies. We investigate the case of hybrid vehicles in a transitional perspective by insisting on their potential to influence the dynamic shaping of investment decisions of firms in the car industry. We consider the hybridization strategy as intra-project and inter-project compound growth options to manage the flexibilities and irreversibilities of investment decisions during the transition process. We provide four different-sometimes conflicting-strategic rationales structuring the investment efforts of firms in hybrid vehicles and illustrate them with numerous examples from the automotive industry.     

基于“三条链”的无人机产业军民融合发展途径与策略

军民融合是国家重大发展战略,现有文献主要关注军民融合过程中的具体问题,缺乏综合性分析。基于产业生态系统“三条链”视角,以无人机产业为例,通过构建无人机产业生态系统的“三条链”,深入探讨无人机产业军民融合发展途径和策略。研究发现,从创新链角度构建军民融合研发创新平台、从产业链角度生产军民两用无人机、从价值链角度在研发环节成立技术联盟、在销售环节合力扩大彼此销售范围是无人机产业军民融合发展的有效途径和策略,该结论同样对其它产业军民融合发展具有指导作用。     

Will new technology be sufficient to solve the problem of air pollution caused by Swedish road transport?

In this article, levels of future specific vehicle emissions and the energy efficiency required to match long-term environmental targets are estimated. The possibility of reaching these targets is also evaluated. It appears to be possible to achieve sufficiently large reductions in both nitrogen oxide (NO_x) and non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emission to meet long-term Swedish environmental requirements even with continuing transport growth. Combining sufficiently large carbon dioxide reductions with transport growth seems to be more difficult and would require major breakthroughs regarding drive systems, materials and vehicle construction. Such technological developments cannot, however, be entirely ruled out.     

新能源汽车产业培育政策体系评估研究——基于上海市相关数据

本文从多层级政府模块、政策体系模块、政策体系实施效果评估模块三个维度构建了新能源汽车产业培育政策体系评估框架;其中多层级政府模块包括中央政府、省级地方政府和基层地方政府,政策体系模块包含政策目标组合、政策工具组合和政策客体组合,政策体系实施效果评估模块是指技术创新产出指标的完成情况。本文以上海市为样本,对该框架进行了详细的分析,阐述了政策体系对新能源汽车产业创新发展的培育机制,构建了产业培育政策体系综合指数,验证了其对新能源汽车产业创新产出具有显著的正向影响。     

商业模式与新进入者领先：来自电动汽车产业的实证研究

从商业模式视角探索为何目前在电动汽车市场上处于领先地位的是新进入者而非在资源上更具优势的在位者。分别在中美两国选择新进入者比亚迪和特斯拉及在位者上汽和通用汽车进行案例研究。基于专家访谈、实地参观和文献调研发现，新进入者和在位者商业模式存在显著差异，发挥电动汽车技术特性价值主张、垂直整合价值网络和可变成本较低的收支结构是新进入者获取领先优势的重要因素。丰富了现有关于新进入者创新及电动汽车产业商业模式的研究，有助于加深对两个问题的理解：一是当在位者比新进入者更早采用新技术时，新进入者应如何利用商业模式取得领先地位；二是哪种商业模式更有利于企业在电动汽车产业市场上获取领先地位。     

Handling uncertainties in vehicle routing problems through data preprocessing

This paper presents a global preprocessing methodology for handling uncertainties in operations management. Beyond theoretical considerations on solution feasibility, the methodology provides practitioners with a Monte Carlo simulation-based framework for effective risk management. The main strength of this methodology is being easily applicable to almost any decision problem. Application field of the paper is a real-life workforce management problem for which we propose several mixed integer formulations as well as dedicated solution algorithms. Extensive numerical tests on real-life instances assess the benefit from preprocessing schemes when performed as recommended by our approach, and thus prove its practical relevance.     

带容量约束的车辆路径问题算法综述

CVRP的研究带动了确定性算法和启发式算法的发展。简要回顾了这些新算法的发展,总结对比现有方法,提出可能的研究方向。     

企业研发投入具有“类保险”效应吗

2016年9月8日，我国新能源汽车骗补调查结果公布，引起社会广泛关注。采用事件研究法对涉事企业进行案例分析，并在此基础上以123家新能源汽车上市企业数据为样本，探究企业研发投入与事件窗口期内累计超额收益率之间的关系。结果显示：在事件窗口期内，资本市场对涉事企业普遍作出消极反应，而研发投入强度不同的涉事企业受到的消极影响程度存在差异；骗补事件对新能源汽车产业产生溢出效应，资本市场对该产业反应消极，但企业研发投入能够减轻资本市场消极反应的影响，具有“类保险”效应。结论对于企业科学制定研发战略，行业协会、政府、公众等有效督导企业提高自主创新能力，全面履行社会责任具有参考价值。