房地产企业会计内控制度的建立和完善探究

通常,房地产企业开发的项目进展期限较长,而且受到投资量大的影响导致房地产企业面临的风险较高。所以,房地产企业必须创建高效的内控制度,进而使得房地产企业的发展项目和发展目标均保持可持续发展的理念。会计内部管控在房地产企业内部管控中占据重要地位,能够高效减少房地产企业的基础成本,增强房地产企业在市场中的竞争优势,继而保证房地产企业完成预期的目标。论文对房地产企业会计内控制度的创建和改善展开了深度的研究和归纳总结,期望为房地产企业的发展提供一定的借鉴。     

新税法背景下的企业会计税务筹划措施分析

现代企业发展应维持较高财务内控能力,尤其在新税法大力推广后,企业需要对会计税务情况加以筹划,提升对发展目标的明确性。会计税务筹划良好开展,可将企业税负压力减轻,能帮助企业将利益最大化,提升企业竞争力。论文对会计税务筹划的概念加以分析,并结合企业发展契机,讨论其筹划应用意义,针对企业在新税法推广后的会计财务筹划现状,提出筹划中的可行性措施,以此降低企业税负压力,让企业具备发展新动力。     

中小企业会计信息失真原因及对策

随着社会的发展,会计信息对投资者、企业,甚至是整个国家经济都有着举足轻重的影响。但由于多种原因,当前我国中小企业会计信息失真现象普遍存在,严重影响了中小企业经营决策的制定和我国经济发展。为此,在对中小企业会计信息现状和会计信息失真主要表现及原因分析的基础上,提出了针对该现状的治理对策。     

Evaluating Projects and Assessing Sustainable Development in Imperfect Economies

We are interested in three related questions:(1) How should accounting prices be estimated?(2) How should we evaluate policy change in animperfect economy? (3) How can we check whetherintergenerational well-being will be sustainedalong a projected economic programme? We do notpresume that the economy is convex, nor do weassume that the government optimizes on behalfof its citizens. We show that the same set ofaccounting prices should be used both forpolicy evaluation and for assessing whether ornot intergenerational welfare along a giveneconomic path will be sustained. We also showthat a comprehensive measure of wealth,computed in terms of the accounting prices, canbe used as an index for problems (2) and (3)above. The remainder of the paper is concernedwith rules for estimating the accounting pricesof several specific environmental naturalresources, transacted in a few well knowneconomic institutions.     

Teams, Firms and the Evolution of Profit Seeking Behavior

Even as advances in information theory over the last quarter century have cast increasing doubt on the proposition that firms successfully maximize profits, the objective of profit maximization continues to be an axiomatic feature of the neoclassical theory of the firm. This paper attempts to improve our understanding firms by treating the objective function as an open question. Specifically, an ontogenetic thought experiment is undertaken to address the question of what differentiates production teams from firms by asking why team members would sell their control rights to a principal, thereby transforming the team into a firm. What results is an account of the emergence of the objective of profit seeking. Profit seeking emerges endogenously as a more fit alternative than the objective of value maximization, which is less capable of coping with uncertainty through purposive adaptation.     

公司治理结构·会计信息系统·独立审计:结构与效率分析

公司治理结构、会计信息系统和独立审计是微观经济运行系统的三个基本组成单元。三者以委托代理关系为中心形成了功能互补、共生互动的经济运行系统 ,共同维持着受托责任机制运行中的公平与效率。通过对三者的经济关系结构进行理论描述 ,分析其内在关系结构的缺陷以及与虚假会计信息之间的关联性 ,并在此基础上提出共同预防虚假会计信息的治理措施     

论公允价值在非货币性交易中的适度应用

新企业会计准则实施后，公允价值的一些问题成为会计理论研究和关注的焦点问题之一。应着重分析在非货币性交易中，适度应用公允价值须掌握的计价基础判断标准、公允价值计量、公允价值核算等几个容易混淆的问题。所谓适度即准确把握公允价值的判断标准、计价基础、计量核算方法，以避免公允价值成为利润操纵工具。     

Water accounting for the Orange River Basin: An economic perspective on managing a transboundary resource

The framework for water accounting is applied to an international river basin, the Orange River Basin, which is shared among Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and South Africa. Each of the riparian states faces water constraints and relies increasingly on shared international water resources. The countries have adopted the principle of an economic approach to water management, once basin human needs are met, and all but Lesotho have constructed national water accounts to assist in water management. The water accounts for the Orange River Basin bring an economic perspective to water management at the regional level. The accounts include supply and use tables, which are used to compare the contribution to water supply from each riparian state to the amount used. The water accounts are then linked to economic data for each country to calculate water use and productivity by industry and country. There are considerable disparities in water productivity among the countries, which should be taken into account in future decisions about water allocation, pricing and infrastructure development.     

会计准则结构及其构成要素研究--对我国会计概念框架构建的思考

传统的会计准则制定模式中都特别强调了会计概念、会计原则和会计规则的突出地位,因而有了原则导向(或基础)的会计准则制定模式、规则导向(或基础)的会计准则制定模式以及安然等财务欺诈案件后美国目标(实际是概念)导向的会计准则制定模式的说法。通过对现有会计准则制定模式的反思,我们认为会计概念、会计原则和会计规则不应是会计准则制定的导向或基础,而是会计准则结构体系的构成要素。在本文中,我们对其各自的含义界定和功能定位进行初步探讨,旨在为建立我国的会计概念框架,完善会计准则体系提供理论参考。     

In search of marginal environmental valuations — ecosystem services in Finnish forest accounting

There is currently substantial interest in valuing various services provided by different ecosystems. Concurrently economists have ascribed substantial effort on expanding traditional forest accounting systems by environmental services. This paper contributes to curtailing the existing gap between green accounting theory and applications for valuing forest ecosystem services. The multitude of links between forest ecosystem services and economy are characterized by the theoretical model for forest-economy interactions. By utilizing recently updated data we also incorporate empirical value estimates of these services comparable to other goods into Finnish forest accounting system. Finally, we discuss some problems encountered and clarify the interpretation of some value estimates incorporated to national forest account.