Sustainable water storage by agricultural businesses: Strategic responses to institutional pressures

Management of water storage in agriculture is under increasing public scrutiny. In Australia, water is being stored unsustainably by agricultural businesses, putting communities downstream at risk. Yet, sustainable water storage management institutional policy mechanisms remain disjointed around the country. This study seeks to investigate the problem through application of Oliver's (1991) strategic response typology to a survey of 404 agribusiness managers in four different institutional environments. Findings highlight the importance of social aspects of water storage and sharing in agribusiness regions and industries, and suggest that increased manager connectedness could reduce resistance to water storage policy pressures. The results not only provide beneficial guidance for policymakers faced with potentially catastrophic flood and drought conditions exacerbated by poor water storage management practice, but also add support to those found by Clemens and Douglas (2005), indicating the robustness of this theoretical approach for solutions to modern problems faced by business, policymakers and society.     

The effectiveness of state preferential property tax programs in conserving forests: Comparisons,measurements, and challenges

Forest property taxes have been identified as one of the major driving forces behind forest loss and parcelization. Among various policy alternatives for reducing the burden of forest property taxes on landowners, preferential property tax programs have been widely used across states. Existing research has mostly focused on individual property tax programs, particularly those based on current use valuation, while little has been done to document, analyze and compare programs across states. By examining survey data from state preferential property tax program administrators across the United States, this paper describes the commonalities and differences among states regarding their preferential property tax programs, provides a preliminary understanding of the relationship between state preferential property tax policy and trends in private forest conditions, and identifies issues related to the effectiveness of state preferential property tax programs and private forest land management and conservation. Our analysis revealed three fundamental disconnects: (1) Program attributes that were previously considered to be important for preferential property tax programs to be effective in retaining forest land and fostering management did not consistently correlate with program effectiveness as viewed by the administrators of these programs; (2) These program attributes did not consistently correlate with actual program effectiveness as measured at the state level by forest trend indicators used in this study (i.e., change in private forest land cover, change in average size of private forest holdings, extent to which private forest land is being actively managed); and (3) The self-assessed program effectiveness did not consistently correlate with actual program effectiveness, either. The various ways in which the effectiveness of preferential property tax programs is defined and measured contribute to explaining these disconnects. It is particularly important for researchers and policy makers to be explicit about how they define and measure effectiveness and the scale on which they conduct their analysis before assessing and comparing programs or suggesting improvement strategies.     

森林生态经济风险预警研究

本文首先阐明了森林生态经济预警的涵义;然后建立和分析了森林生态经济风险预警指标体系及预警指标阈值的确定;最后,明确了森林生态经济风险预警的过程,并提出了构建森林生态经济风险动态监测预警预报系统的建议。为我国森林生态经济系统可持续发展探索了一条安全之路。     

Coping with time pressure in interfirm supply chain relationships

In today's evolving marketplace, firms must increasingly focus on developing responsiveness to meet customer demands. In the pursuit of such rapid response to customer needs, firms often demand that other members of their supply chain reduce cycle times of key business activities. Although tight deadlines are commonly imposed by customers, little is known about how supplier firms respond to such time pressure. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to learn more about the phenomenon of time pressure in interfirm relationships and determine how firms cope with this common situational constraint. Grounded theory methodology was utilized to discover a time pressure coping strategies taxonomy that is driven by evaluative criteria such as the frequency, magnitude, and attribution of time pressure. The model that emerged from this research provides information about the potential costs of leveraging interfirm relationships in order to achieve supply chain responsiveness.     

控制工艺材料质量 提高降压增注效果

文南油田因高温、高压、低渗等储层物性特点,注水井注水越来越困难,注水压力在35MPa以上的井占20%,欠注的井越来越多,而降压增注工艺是降低注水压力提高注水量的重要手段,通过控制降压增注所用材料质量,使改造后有效率提高了90.9%;累计增水量104 810m3,平均单井增水量4 764m3,平均单井压降6.0MPa;对应油井31口,见效5口,累计增油1 105t。     

中印风荷载规范在火力发电厂设计中的对比分析

改革开放三十年来,中国经济发生翻天覆地的变化,各行各业也得到了蓬勃发展,工程建设行业纷纷走向国际市场。印度是一个巨大的市场,基础设施的建设存在巨大的市场。在国内各大公司进军印度市场的设计市场时,不免会遇到印度规范的问题。本人参与多年的印度电厂的设计工作,对印度结构规范有了一些了解,本文就中印风荷载规范在火力发电厂设计进行对比分析,希望对大家在进军印度设计市场时有点帮助。     

基床式大直径圆筒土压力数值分析

采用ABAQUS软件对基床式大直径圆筒结构土压力进行分析,主要分析大直径圆筒周围截面上的应力变化趋势。结果显示位于中间位置圆筒的土压力相对两边的圆筒土压力要小很多。对于筒前土压力,三个圆筒有相似的状况,土压力峰值不是出现在筒底,而是距筒底有一定的距离,证实了大直径圆筒结构排筒状况下土拱效应的存在。     

工作压力源与中国饭店业员工健康关系的实证分析

在世界经济缓慢回升的情况下,中国经济仍保持快速增长,无疑给一贯注重服务质量和顾客导向的饭店业员工带来更大的压力。本研究的目的是探讨工作压力源与员工健康之间的关系,并以6家高星级饭店271名员工为研究对象,采用SPSS11.5对数据进行处理。研究结果表明:工作压力源对员工身体不健康有预测性;回归分析显示超负荷工作量和人际冲突对员工各种身体不健康因素有显著影响。     

基于修正移动平均模型的调整系数法对我国实际城镇失业率的测算与分析

失业是关乎民生及社会经济稳定的重要问题,具有牵一发而动全身的特点。改革开放以来,尤其是20世纪90年代后期以来,我国劳动力市场供求局势日趋严峻。如何科学、合理地测算我国真实城镇失业率,是劳动经济学界十分关注的难点问题。依照方法的可操作性、运算的简易性及数据的可获得性准则,同时为能更好地解释和反映影响失业率的各种基本因素,与实际情况尽可能接近,本文修正移动平均模型,以调整系数法为基础,对我国实际城镇失业率进行测算,以期得到更为符合实际的估算结果,为缓解就业压力,治理失业提供可资借鉴的理论依据。     

饭店业员工工作压力与工作满意度关系的实证研究

本文以浙江省6家高星级饭店271名员工为调查对象,采用SPSS18.0的层级回归方法,从性别和职位的研究视角探讨该方法在饭店业工作压力(工作要求和人际冲突)与员工工作满意度之间的作用。研究结果表明:工作要求和人际冲突都分别与工作满意度有显著负相关关系;性别与职位在工作要求与员工工作满意度之间起到调节作用,但没有发现二者在人际冲突与工作满意度之间有调节影响。本研究结论对饭店业人力资源管理实践具有启示作用。