Effective Nonverbal Communication Techniques

Developing effective marketing strategies for profes- sional service firms presents many unique challen es and is an im- portant area of practice development that many &ns often wer- look. Professional service firms ossess very distinctive P characteristics which differentiate them rom other service firms and require specialized marketing strategies. The purpose of this article is to assist practitioners in their efforts to develop promotional strat- egies which will enhance their firm's professional image and in- crease the firm's ability to engage new clients. These strategies arc aimed specifically at certified public accountants, lawyers, archi- tects, and other professionals.     

论公益广告的特点及其创作

近几年，公益广告在我国的发展方兴未艾，但国内对公益广告的理论研究还很缺乏。文章从公益广告的特征层面进行研究，总结出公益广告创作的一些规律性经验。     

青少年流行文化心理研究与广告学教学

广告能否达到对目标消费者的说服目的,关键在于广告创作是否与消费者的文化心理相契舍。当代中国青少年是消费市场上庞大的生力军,他们是伴随着流行文化成长起来的,流行文化左右着他们心理和行为,进而影响着他们的消费观,因此广告学教学应对青少年流行文化心理进行研究。     

试论中国广告国际化的途径

加入WTO后,中国广告业将面临新的竞争与机遇,如何尽早实现中国广告的国际化是当务之急。新的时代,广告产业必然成为建设有中国特色的社会主义市场经济、开发西部的先导产业,成为中国经济进军世界舞台的号角或旗帜。而要担当此重任,中国广告就必须立足本土,先走"当地化与标准化结合"的路子,并逐渐走向标准化,最终实现国际化。     

Generic Advertising and Product Differentiation

This article considers whether generic advertising lowers the differentiation among competing brands of the same good. Analytical results show that if the benefits from generic advertising from increased demand are outweighed by the costs from lower product differentiation then high–quality producers will not benefit from generic promotion. Hypotheses are tested empirically under a conditional–logit approach using retail–market sales and advertising data for the U.S. prune industry. Results from this study provide evidence that generic advertising has a slight differential effect on the perceived qualities of different brands.     

Optimal Commodity Promotion when Downstream Markets are Imperfectly Competitive

We investigate the optimal collection and expenditure of funds for agricultural commodity promotion in markets where the processing and distribution sectors may exhibit oligopoly and/or oligopsony power. The conditions that characterize optimal advertising intensity under perfect competition for funds generated from either per-unit or lump-sum taxes do not, in general, hold when marketing is imperfectly competitive. Simulation analyses show that imperfect competition always reduces farmers' optimal advertising expenditure and that an imperfectly competitive marketing sector may capture half or more of the benefits from the funds that are expended.     

公益类广告的创意与构思策略

通过对我国公益广告现状的分析,研究和探讨了公益广告与思维创新的关系,阐述了思维创新在公益广告创作中的重要地位和作用,提出了要使公益广告更新颖、独特,更富人格魅力就必须打破思维枷锁,激发思维创新的潜能。公益广告是为公益活动、公益事业提供传播服务的。它是以推广有利于社会的道德观念、行为规范和思想意识为目的的广告传播活动。公益广告的创意相对于商业广告又有其自身的独特视点。本文对大量的公益广告进行了分析,从中归纳整理出公益广告创意的方法。     

Combating deceptive advertisements and labelling on food products – an exploratory study on the perceptions of teachers

People are becoming more health conscious nowadays, but most of them are not able to adopt a lifestyle with adequate physical exercise and a healthier eating pattern. Many attempt to compensate by taking ‘health foods’. Despite the recent economic recession, the functional food market is expanding rapidly in Asian countries. Recent statistics indicate a huge increase in weight loss and functional food product advertising expenditure in Hong Kong and other Asian countries. In a large scale survey conducted by the Hong Kong Consumer Council on advertisements, it was found that 85% of the medicines, health food and therapies sampled contain questionable claims and misleading messages, which was the second most problematic category of the survey. In addition, young people do not understand much about modern food processing, in particular with regard to low energy and functional foods, and they know very little about modern food marketing strategies. The situation is potentially detrimental to consumer welfare, especially to the younger generation. This study was conducted to reflect critically on implications of the issue on the health and well‐being of young people in Hong Kong. Attempts are made to explore directions for designing relevant and effective education programmes to empower young people's abilities in understanding food advertising strategies and making informed decisions on food choice. This paper begins with a critical review of the current situation with regard to Hong Kong. Then, the results of an interview survey and a questionnaire survey on pre‐service and in‐service teachers’ perception towards misleading food advertising and labelling are reported. The situations at schools are defined and problems faced by teachers in providing relevant consumer education programmes to students are identified. Finally, some prospective foci for further investigation of this important issue, with a view to developing students’ critical skills in evaluating claims offered in food advertisements, will be considered.     

Business and Marketing Ethics as Professional Ethics. Concepts, Approaches and Typologies

Marketing ethics is normally marketed as a sub-specialization of business ethics. In this paper, marketing ethics serves as an umbrella term for advertising, PR and sales ethics and as an example of professional ethics. To structure the paper, four approaches are distinguished, with a focus on typical professional conflicts, codes, roles or climates respectively. Since the moral climate approachis more inclusive than the other approaches, the last part of the paper deals mainly with moral climates, within the above-mentioned marketing sub-professions.